Epidermolytic acanthoma

Signs and symptoms

Epidermolytic acanthoma manifests clinically as tiny, fleshy or white papules that range in size from 1 to 2 mm. They may exist alone or in groups. They often affect the trunk, extremities, or scrotum and vulva. Although they can be itchy, they are frequently asymptomatic, and the chronic type can result in lichenification.

Causes

The exact cause of the lesion is unknown. There have been suggestions that epidermolytic acanthoma could represent a localized form of generalized hereditary epidermolytic hyperkeratosis. While some have searched for a connection between HPV and epidermolytic acanthoma, they have not consistently found one. Epidermolytic acanthoma typically affects people who have never had an STD and who have never engaged in unsafe sexual conduct. There has also been weak evidence to support the suggestions of trauma or continuous scratching. Some expressed the belief that immunosuppression.

Diagnosis

The distinctive histologic findings in the appropriate clinical situation are necessary for an accurate diagnosis of epidermolytic acanthoma.

Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis on over 50% of the epidermolytic acanthoma surface is the main histologic characteristic of the condition. Keratinocytes with coarse keratohyalin granules, reticular degeneration, perinuclear vacuolation, and perinuclear eosinophilic inclusions in the granular and spinous layers are characteristics of epidermolytic hyperkeratosis.

Treatment

There is no need for treatment, but if the patient feels embarrassed, there are a number of different therapies that can be performed, with varying degrees of success, such as cryotherapy, topical immune system modulators, or surgical excision.

References

References

1. Rapini, Ronald P.. (2007). "Dermatology: 2-Volume Set". Mosby.
2. Hijazi, Maya M.. (2015). "Multiple Localized Epidermolytic Acanthomas of the Vulva Associated With Vulvar Pruritus: A Case Report". The American Journal of Dermatopathology.
3. Fletcher, J. Wesley. (2016). "Presentation of Epidermolytic Acanthomas as Multiple Tan Papules on the Vulva". Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings.
4. Dupont, Amandine. (2019-05-06). "Epidermolytic Acanthoma Mimicking Condyloma: A Case Report". Dermatopathology.
5. Kukreja, Tarun. (2009-01-13). "Multiple Epidermolytic Acanthomas Must Not be Confused with Genital Human Papillomavirus Infection". Medical Journals Sweden AB.
6. Moulonguet, I.. (2017). "Hyperkératose épidermolytique génitale (acanthomes épidermolytiques génitaux multiples)". Elsevier BV.
7. Egozi-Reinman, Ella. (2016). "Epidermolytic Acanthoma of the Genitalia Does Not Show Mutations in KRT1 or KRT10". The American Journal of Dermatopathology.
8. Irwin, Steven. (2020). "Multiple Epidermolytic Acanthomas: Rare Vulval Lesions Which May be Mistaken for Viral Warts". International Journal of Gynecological Pathology.
9. Ginsberg, Ariana S. (2020-09-26). "Epidermolytic acanthoma: A case report". Baishideng Publishing Group Inc..
10. Lee, Tsung‐Ju. (2017-10-31). "Multiple epidermolytic acanthomas mimicking condyloma: a retrospective study of 8 cases". Wiley.
11. Roy, Simon F.. (2019-02-08). "Solitary and multiple epidermolytic acanthoma: A demographic and clinical study of 131 cases". Wiley.
12. Abbas, O. (2011-01-04). "Solitary epidermolytic acanthoma: a clinical and histopathological study". Wiley.