Ei-ichi Negishi

Early life and education

Negishi was born in Xinjing (today known as Changchun), the capital of Manchukuo, in July 1935.{{Cite news

Career

After obtaining his Ph.D., Negishi decided to become an academic researcher. Although he was hoping to work at a Japanese university, he could not find a position. In 1966 he resigned from Teijin, and became a postdoctoral associate at Purdue University, working under future Nobel laureate Herbert C. Brown. From 1968 to 1972 he was an instructor at Purdue.

In 1972, he became an assistant professor at Syracuse University, where began his lifelong study of transition metal–catalyzed reactions, and was promoted to associate professor in 1979. He returned to Purdue University as a full professor in the same year.

He discovered Negishi coupling, a process which condenses organic zinc compounds and organic halides under a palladium or nickel catalyst to obtain a C–C bonded product. For this achievement, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2010.{{Cite news |archive-date = October 6, 2010}} Negishi also reported that organoaluminum compounds and organic zirconium compounds can be used for cross-coupling. He did not seek a patent for this coupling technology and explained his reasoning as follows: "If we did not obtain a patent, we thought that everyone could use our results easily." In addition, Zr(CH) obtained by reducing zirconocene dichloride is also called Negishi reagent, which can be used in oxidative cyclisation reactions. The technique he developed is estimated to be used in a quarter of all reactions in the pharmaceutical industry.

By the time Negishi retired in 2019, he had published more than 400 academic papers. He was committed to instilling rigorous practices in his lab, emphasizing the need of keeping organized and comprehensive records. Before any separations, he asked his student to evaluate crude reaction mixtures in order to minimize loss of any useful scientific information.

Recognition

On November 12, 2010, University of Chicago professor Yoichiro Nambu, recipient of the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physics, made a special appearance at a celebration held in honor of Ei-ichi Negishi. Both men were Japanese Nobel laureates residing in the American Midwest and alumni of the University of Tokyo.

Awards

• 1996 – A. R. Day Award (ACS Philadelphia Section award)
• 1997 – Chemical Society of Japan Award
• 1998 – Herbert N. McCoy Award
• 1998 – American Chemical Society Award for Organometallic Chemistry
• 1998–2000 – Alexander von Humboldt Senior Researcher Award
• 2003 – Sigma Xi Award, Purdue University
• 2007 – Yamada–Koga Prize
• 2007 – Gold Medal of Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
• 2010 – Nobel Prize in Chemistry
• 2010 – ACS Award for Creative Work in Synthetic Organic Chemistry
• 2015 – Fray International Sustainability Award, SIPS 2015

Honors

• 1960–61 – Fulbright–Smith–Mundt Fellowship
• 1962–63 – Harrison Fellowship at University of Pennsylvania
• 1986 – Guggenheim Fellowship
• 2000 – Sir Edward Frankland Prize Lectureship
• 2009 – Invited Lectureship, 4th Mitsui International Catalysis Symposium (MICS-4), Kisarazu, Japan
• 2010 – [[File:JPN Bunka-kunsho BAR.svg|45px|ribbon bar]]Order of Culture and Person of Cultural Merit
• 2011 – Sagamore of the Wabash
• 2011 – Order of the Griffin, Purdue University
• 2011 – Fellow, American Academy of Arts & Sciences
• 2011 – Honorary doctor of science, University of Pennsylvania.
• 2012 – Honorary Fellow of Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
• 2014 – Foreign Associate of the National Academy of Sciences

Personal life and death

Negishi began dating Sumire Suzuki in his freshman year and they announced their engagement to their parents in March 1958. They had met at a choir of which they were both members at in university. They married the next year and together they had two daughters.

Negishi loved playing the piano and conducting. During the "Pacifichem" 2015 conference's closing ceremony, he conducted an orchestra.

Disappearance

On the evening of March 12, 2018, both Negishi and his wife were reported missing by family members. Police determined that, based on a purchase made earlier in the day, the couple had left their home in West Lafayette, Indiana, and headed north. At about 5 a.m. the next day, officers in Ogle County, Illinois, received a call to check on the welfare of an elderly man who was walking on a rural road south of Rockford. When he was taken to hospital, officers identified him as Negishi and found that police in Indiana were looking for him and his wife. A short time later, Suzuki's body was found at the Orchard Hills Landfill in Davis Junction, along with the couple's car.

According to a statement from the family, the couple was driving to Rockford International Airport for a trip when their car became stuck in a ditch on a road near the landfill. Negishi went looking for help and was said to be suffering from an "acute state of confusion and shock". The Ogle County Sheriff Department said there was no suspicion of foul play in Suzuki's death, although the cause of her death was not immediately released. The family said Suzuki was near the end of her battle with Parkinson's disease.

In May 2018, an autopsy concluded that Suzuki died from hypothermia, but Parkinson's disease and hypertension were contributing factors.

Death

Negishi died in Indianapolis, Indiana, on June 6, 2021.

References

References

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5. link. (October 2, 2012)
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7. (October 5, 2010). "Penn Chemistry Alumnus wins Nobel Prize in Chemistry". Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania.
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9. [http://mainichi.jp/select/wadai/news/20101007k0000e040036000c.html ノーベル化学賞：根岸さんうっすら涙「来るものが来た」] {{Webarchive. link. (July 19, 2012 、毎日新聞（電子版）、2010年10月7日)
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13. (October 7, 2010). "根岸・鈴木氏、特許取得せず…栄誉の道開く一因". [[Yomiuri Shimbun]].
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20. "Ei-ichi Negishi". [[John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation]].
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22. (November 29, 2010). "Negishi And Suzuki Awarded Japan's Order Of Culture". [[American Chemical Society]].
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25. "03/22/11, Penn's 2011 Honorary Degree Recipients and the 2011 Commencement Speaker – Almanac, Vol. 57, No. 26".
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31. Wilkins, Ron. "Autopsy: Hypothermia, complicated by Parkinson's and hypertension killed professor's wife".
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33. NEWS, KYODO. "Japanese Nobel laureate chemist Negishi dies at 85".