Eastside Historic Cemetery District

Mount Elliott Cemetery

Mount Elliott Cemetery is the oldest extant cemetery in the city of Detroit, and contains 65 acre. It is located on Mount Elliott Avenue just north of Lafayette Street. The cemetery is owned and operated by the Mt. Elliott Cemetery Association, who own a group of cemeteries in the Metro Detroit area.

History

Detroit's Catholic community was originally heavily French in character. However, near the beginning of the 19th century, waves of immigration added other nationalities into the mix, notably Irish Catholics. In time, these Irish Catholics departed from the French-speaking Ste. Anne's and established their own parish. By 1840, they decided they wanted their own cemetery. In 1841, the parish purchased 12 acre of farmland from the Leib farm for $400.

The first burial in the cemetery occurred only twelve days after its establishment when Robert Elliott, an architect, judge, and founding member of the committee that created the cemetery, was laid to rest. He had been killed in a construction accident. The cemetery was christened "Mount Elliott" in his honor.

A second parcel of land was purchased for the cemetery in 1865, and a third in 1881; this brought the size of the cemetery to its current 65 acre. A stone gateway into the cemetery was completed the same year. In 1869, remains from Detroit's Ste. Anne Cemetery were moved and re-interred at Mount Elliott. Among the remains moved was Colonel Jean François Hamtramck.

Description

Roads winding through the cemetery carry the names of religious leaders (Pope Pius Avenue, Bishop LeFevere Avenue and Place, and Bishop Borgess Avenue) or biblical themes (Calvary Avenue, Holy Cross Place, Trinity Avenue, and Resurrection Avenue).

The entrance to Mt. Elliott Cemetery is through a stone gateway designed and built by Walter Schweikart in 1882 at a cost of $6,000. Schweikart also built the entrance to the nearby Elmwood cemetery.

In 1872, Fireman's Fund bought large lots for $500 apiece in both Mt. Elliott and Elmwood Cemeteries for the purpose of burying firefighters. In 1889, the Fund erected a marker at the site for a cost of $2,965.

Gravesites

The following are some notable people buried in Mt. Elliott:

• Orestes Brownson (1803–1876) Prolific Catholic writer. His remains were later moved to Basilica of the Sacred Heart, Notre Dame University, South Bend, Indiana
• Jerome Cavanagh (1928–1979) Mayor of Detroit
• Marilyn Fisher Lundy (1925–2014), businesswoman and philanthropist.
• Francis Palms (1809–1886), Lumber baron, Rail baron and Real estate tycoon, in family mausoleum

Elmwood Cemetery

Main article: Elmwood Cemetery (Detroit)

Elmwood Cemetery, established in 1846, is 86 acre in size and contains over 51,000 graves. It is located on Lafayette Street, just east of Mt. Elliott Avenue. It is the oldest continuously operating, non-denominational cemetery in Michigan.

History

Elmwood Cemetery was originally planned in 1846. The first 42 acre were purchased from the George Hunt farm using money from subscriptions in 1850. Over the years, additional land was purchased from the Hunt Farm and the neighboring D.C. Whitwood farm to increase the grounds to the current 86 acre.

A Gothic Revival chapel, designed by Albert and Octavius Jordan, was added in 1856. The limestone chapel blends into the natural ravine and landscaping. Gordon W. Lloyd designed the Gothic-inspired gatehouse in 1870.

The 1856 chapel, which had fallen into disuse, was refurbished in the 1950s and is still used today. The chapel was extensively restored after a late 1900s fire.

Description

Elmwood Cemetery is one of the few places in modern Detroit where the "original" rolling terrain of the area can be seen. Parent Creek (renamed "Bloody Run" after the famous Indian battle) runs through the cemetery, serving as a focus of the landscape. Noted landscape designer Frederick Law Olmsted, inspired by the Mount Auburn Cemetery in Massachusetts, contributed to the redesign of the overall cemetery plan in 1891.

The cemetery is also famous for its multiple monuments, creating a city in miniature. These include works by noted sculptors, including the marble "Veiled Lady" by Randolph Rogers, and "Flying Geese" by Marshall Fredericks.

Gravesites

Twenty-nine Detroit mayors, at least six governors, eleven senators, and a dozen cabinet members are buried on the grounds. Those interred at Elmwood include:

• Lewis Cass (1782–1866) Territorial governor, Senator, and Secretary of State
• Zachariah Chandler (1813-1879) Detroit mayor, Michigan senator, and U.S. Secretary of the Interior
• Douglass Houghton (1809–1845) Detroit mayor and explorer
• Bernhard Stroh (1822–1882) Founder of the Stroh Brewery
• Martha Jean Steinberg (1930–2000) Radio personality
• Coleman Young (1918–1997) Detroit's first African-American mayor
• Jacob Merritt Howard (1805–1871) U.S. Senator and writer of the 13th amendment
• Margaret Mather (1859–1898) Canadian actress
• Henry Billings Brown (1836-1913) U.S. Supreme Court Associate Justice
• Edwin C. Denby (1879–1929) Secretary of the Navy
• Zina Pitcher (1797–1872) Detroit mayor

Lafayette Street Cemetery

The Lafayette Street Cemetery, established by the Temple Beth El in 1850, is Michigan's oldest Jewish cemetery. It was originally named Champlain Street Cemetery of Temple Beth El because Lafayette was formerly known as Champlain Street. With an area of 0.5 acre, this cemetery is by far the smallest of the three in the district; it is located at the southeast corner of Elmwood Cemetery, on Layfayette.

History

The first burial was in 1851, and in 1854 Samuel Marcus, the first rabbi of Beth El, was buried in the cemetery. Although use slowed in the late 1880s, the cemetery was in active use until the 1950s and is now part of the Elmwood Cemetery grounds.

References

References

1. {{NRISref. 2008a
2. [http://www.detroit1701.org/Eastside_Hist.htm "Eastside Historic Cemetery District"]. ''Detroit1701.org''.
3. Jensen, Cecile Wendt. (2006). "Detroit's Mount Elliott Cemetery". Arcadia Publishing.
4. Fern Freeman. ''[https://www.mtelliott.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/MtElliott_History.pdf History of Mt. Elliott: Notable Internments], 1981''. Retrieved January 10, 2025
5. "A distinctive and unique place in Detroit's history.".
6. Farmer, Silas. (1884). "The History of Detroit and Michigan: Or, the Metropolis Illustrated ; a Chronological Cyclopaedia of the Past and Present, Including a Full Record of Territorial Days in Michigan, and the Annals of Wayne County". S. Farmer & Co..
7. (10 July 2014). "Marilyn Fisher Lundy, a 'contemplative in action,' dies at 89".
8. "Francis Palms Mausoleum, Mount Elliott Cemetery".
9. [http://elmwoodhistoriccemetery.org/pages/aboutus.html "About Us"] {{Webarchive. link. (April 15, 2013 . '' Elmwood Cemetery''.)
10. [http://www.mcgi.state.mi.us/hso/sites/15459.htm "Elmwood Cemetery"]. {{webarchive. link. (2011-06-06. ''State of Michigan''.)
11. Farmer, Silas (1884). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=2dtMHBxD6R8C The History of Detroit and Michigan: Or, the Metropolis Illustrated ; a Chronological Cyclopaedia of the Past and Present, Including a Full Record of Territorial Days in Michigan, and the Annals of Wayne County] S. Farmer & Co''. p. 56.
12. [http://elmwoodhistoriccemetery.org/pages/history.html "History"] {{Webarchive. link. (April 13, 2013 . ''Historic Elmwood Cemetery''.)
13. (2002). "AIA Detroit: American Institute of Architects Guide to Detroit Architecture". Wayne State University Press.
14. [http://www.ci.detroit.mi.us/historic/districts/eastside_cemetery.pdf "Eastside Cemeteries Historic District"]. {{Webarchive. link. (2007-10-11. ''City of Detroit''.)
15. Baulch, Vivian M.. (April 30, 1995). "Tales from the crypts: Elmwood Cemetery stories". [[The Detroit News]].
16. [http://elmwoodhistoriccemetery.org/pages/bio.html "Biography page"]. ''Elmwood Cemetery''. {{Webarchive. link. (February 18, 2012)
17. [http://www.mcgi.state.mi.us/hso/sites/15297.htm "Champlain Street Cemetery of Temple Beth El"]. {{Webarchive. link. (2011-06-06 . State of Michigan.)
18. (May 28, 2008). "Cemetery brings history to life". [[Detroit Free Press]].
19. Farmer, Silas. (1884). "The History of Detroit and Michigan: Or, the Metropolis Illustrated ; a Chronological Cyclopaedia of the Past and Present, Including a Full Record of Territorial Days in Michigan, and the Annals of Wayne County". S. Farmer & Co..
20. "Calendar: The Year in Review, 2004".