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Duke of Gloucester
Aristocratic title
Aristocratic title
| Field | Value | |
|---|---|---|
| name | Dukedom of Gloucester | |
| image | [[File:Coat of Arms of Richard, Duke of Gloucester.svg | 180px]] |
| caption | Arms of Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester | |
| creation_date | 31 March 1928 | |
| creation | Fifth | |
| monarch | George V | |
| peerage | Peerage of the United Kingdom | |
| first_holder | Thomas of Woodstock | |
| present_holder | Prince Richard | |
| heir_apparent | Alexander Windsor, Earl of Ulster | |
| remainder_to | the 1st Duke's heirs male of the body lawfully begotten | |
| subsidiary_titles | Earl of Ulster | |
| Baron Culloden | ||
| status | Extant | |
| former_seat | Barnwell Manor |
Baron Culloden Duke of Gloucester ( ) is a British royal title (after Gloucester), often conferred on one of the sons of the reigning monarch. The first four creations were in the Peerage of England and the last in the Peerage of the United Kingdom; the current creation carries with it the subsidiary titles of Earl of Ulster and Baron Culloden.
The title was first conferred on Thomas of Woodstock, the thirteenth child of King Edward III. The title became extinct at his death, as it did upon the death of the duke of the second creation, Humphrey of Lancaster, fourth son of King Henry IV.
The title was next conferred on Richard, brother to King Edward IV. When Richard himself became king, the dukedom merged into the crown. After Richard's death, the title was considered ominous, since the first three such dukes had all died without issue to inherit their titles. The title was not awarded for over 150 years: the next to receive the dukedom was the son of King Charles I, Henry Stuart, upon whose death the title again became extinct.
Prince William, son of the future Queen Anne, was styled "Duke of Gloucester" for his whole life (1689–1700), but was never formally created duke. Frederick, Prince of Wales, was styled "Duke of Gloucester" from 1718–1726, but was then created Duke of Edinburgh rather than of Gloucester.
There was next a creation of a double dukedom (not two dukedoms) for the brother of King George III, Prince William Henry, his proper title becoming "Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh".
The fifth and most recent creation was for Prince Henry, third son of King George V, styled as His Royal Highness The Duke of Gloucester. Upon Prince Henry's death, the dukedom was inherited by his only surviving son Prince Richard, who still holds the title. The heir-apparent to the title is Alexander Windsor, styled Earl of Ulster. The next in the line of succession is the Earl of Ulster's son Xan Windsor, known by his grandfather's third title of Lord Culloden. The royal dukedom will devolve into an ordinary one when inherited by Alexander Windsor; as a great-grandson of a sovereign he is not entitled to royal style, and will be styled as His Grace The Duke of Gloucester.
Dukes of Gloucester
First creation, 1385–1397
| Duke | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death | Arms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thomas of Woodstock | |||||
| House of Plantagenet | |||||
| 1385–1397 | |||||
| also: Duke of Aumale (1385–1397), Earl of Essex (1376–1397), Earl of Buckingham (1377) | [[File:ThomasWoodstock.jpg | 100px | Thomas of Woodstock]] | 7 January 1355 | |
| Woodstock Palace | |||||
| son of Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault | Eleanor de Bohun | ||||
| 1376 | |||||
| 5 children | 8 September 1397 | ||||
| Calais | |||||
| aged 42 | [[File:Arms of Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester.svg | center | 116x116px]] | ||
| Thomas of Woodstock's son died two years after his father, but never succeeded to his titles except that of Earl of Buckingham. At the time of Thomas's death, he was regarded as a traitor and thus his titles were forfeit after his murder (except Earl of Buckingham). His son had no issue and his male line died out in 1399. |
Second creation, 1414–1447
| Duke | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death | Arms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Humphrey of Lancaster | |||||
| House of Lancaster | |||||
| 1414–1447 | |||||
| also: Earl of Pembroke (1414) | [[File:HumphreyGloucester.jpg | 100px | Humphrey of Lancaster]] | 3 October 1390 | |
| Lancaster Castle | |||||
| son of Henry IV of England and Mary de Bohun | Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut | ||||
| 1422–1428 (annulled) | |||||
| 1 child (stillborn) | |||||
| Eleanor de Cobham | |||||
| 1428–1441 (annulled) | |||||
| 2 children | 23 February 1447 | ||||
| Bury St Edmunds | |||||
| aged 56 | [[File:Arms of Humphrey of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Gloucester.svg | center | 116x116px]] | ||
| Before marrying Humphrey, Eleanor de Cobham was his mistress. At the time of Humphrey's 1447 death, he had two children, Arthur and Antigone. However, both children were born before his marriage to Eleanor and were thus illegitimate and could not succeed to his titles; so, accordingly, all his titles became extinct on his death. |
Third creation, 1461
| Duke | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death | Arms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Richard Plantagenet | |||||
| House of York | |||||
| 1461–1483 | [[File:King Richard III.jpg | 100px | Richard Plantagenet]] | 2 October 1452 | |
| Fotheringhay Castle, Oundle | |||||
| son of Richard, Duke of York and Cecily Neville | Anne Neville | ||||
| 1472–1485 | |||||
| (her death) | |||||
| 1 child | 22 August 1485 | ||||
| Bosworth Field | |||||
| aged 32 | [[File:Arms of Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence.svg | center | 116x116px]] | ||
| *Richard succeeded as Richard III in 1483 upon his nephew's disappearance, and his titles merged with the crown.* |
Fourth creation, 1659
| Duke | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death | Arms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Henry Stuart | |||||
| House of Stuart | |||||
| 1659–1660 | |||||
| also: Earl of Cambridge (1659) | [[File:Jan Boeckhorst - Prince Henry (1640–1660), Duke of Gloucester.jpg | 100px | Henry Stuart]] | 8 July 1640 | |
| Oatlands Palace, Oatlands | |||||
| son of King Charles I and Queen Henrietta Maria | Never married | 18 September 1660 | |||
| Whitehall, London | |||||
| aged 20 | [[File:Coat of Arms of Henry Stuart, Duke of Gloucester.svg | center | 100x100px]] | ||
| Henry Stuart had no children and all his titles became extinct on his death. |
''Only styled'', 1689
| Duke | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death | Arms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prince William | |||||
| House of Oldenburg | |||||
| 1689–1700 | [[File:PrinceWilliamDukeOfGloucester.jpg | 100px | Prince William of Denmark]] | 24 July 1689 | |
| Hampton Court Palace, London | |||||
| son of Queen Anne and Prince George | Never married | 30 July 1700 | |||
| Windsor Castle, Windsor | |||||
| aged 11 | [[File:Coat of Arms of William of Denmark, Duke of Gloucester.svg | center | 100x100px]] |
''Only styled'', 1717
| Duke | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prince Frederick | ||||
| House of Hanover | ||||
| 1717–1726 | [[File:Frederick Prince of Wales.jpg | 100px | Prince Frederick]] | 1 February 1707 |
| Leineschloss, Hanover | ||||
| son of King George II and Queen Caroline | Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha | |||
| 17 April 1736 | ||||
| 9 children | 31 March 1751 | |||
| Leicester House, London | ||||
| aged 44 |
Fifth creation, 1928
Also: Earl of Ulster and Baron Culloden (1928)
| Duke | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death | Arms |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prince Henry | |||||
| House of Windsor | |||||
| 1928–1974 | [[File:Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester.jpg | 100px | Prince Henry]] | 31 March 1900 | |
| York Cottage, Sandringham | |||||
| son of King George V and Queen Mary | Lady Alice Montagu Douglas Scott | ||||
| 6 November 1935 | |||||
| 2 children | 10 June 1974 | ||||
| Barnwell Manor, Barnwell | |||||
| aged 74 | [[File:Coat of Arms of Henry, Duke of Gloucester.svg | center | 100x100px]] | ||
| Prince Richard | |||||
| House of Windsor | |||||
| 1974–present | [[File:Duke of Gloucester (Grand Prior).jpg | 100px | Prince Richard]] | 26 August 1944 | |
| St. Matthew's Nursing Home, Northampton | |||||
| son of Prince Henry and Princess Alice | Birgitte van Deurs Henriksen | ||||
| 8 June 1972 | |||||
| 3 children | |||||
| now old | [[File:Coat of Arms of Richard, Duke of Gloucester.svg | center | 100x100px]] |
Line of succession
- [[File:Coronet of a Child of the Sovereign.svg|15px]] Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester (1900–1974)
- [[File:Coronet of a Grandchild of the Sovereign.svg|15px]] Prince William of Gloucester (1941–1972)
- [[File:Coronet of a Grandchild of the Sovereign.svg|15px]] Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester (born 1944)
- (1) Alexander Windsor, Earl of Ulster (born 1974)
- (2) Xan Windsor, Lord Culloden (born 2007)
- (1) Alexander Windsor, Earl of Ulster (born 1974)
Arms
File:Arms of Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester.svg|Arms of Thomas of Woodstock: Royal arms of England (arms of his father King Edward III) with difference a bordure argent File:Arms of Humphrey of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Gloucester.svg|Arms of Humphrey of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Gloucester: Arms of King Henry IV differenced by a bordure argent File:Arms of Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence.svg|Arms of Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, second son of King Henry IV. Blason: Arms of King Henry IV a label of three points argent each charged with three ermine spots and a canton gules. Later borne by Richard, Duke of Gloucester (later King Richard III). File:Coat of Arms of Henry Stuart, Duke of Gloucester.svg|Coat of arms of Henry as a son of the Sovereign File:Coat of Arms of William of Denmark, Duke of Gloucester.svg|Prince William's Coat of Arms File:Coat of Arms of Henry, Duke of Gloucester.svg|Coat of Arms of Henry, the Duke of Gloucester File:Coat of Arms of Richard, Duke of Gloucester.svg|Coat of Arms of Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester File:Coat of arms of Alexander Windsor, Earl of Ulster.svg|Coat of arms of Alexander Windsor, Earl of Ulster, eldest son of the Duke, & heir to the Dukedom of Gloucester
Family trees
References
References
- [https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/33371/page/2321 London Gazette, Issue:33371, Page:2321]
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