Duke of Estonia

Danish dukes of Estonia

The Duchy of Estonia (1219–1346) was part of the Kingdom of Denmark, where the House of Estridsen reigned.

In 1346, Northern Estonia is sold to the Livonian Order. This Order was already ruling Southern Estonia since 1237.

Swedish dukes of Estonia

The Duchy of Estonia (1561–1721) or Swedish Estonia was part of the Swedish Empire.

[[House of Vasa]]

1561– 29 September 1568||[[File:Eric XIV of Sweden.jpg|100px]]||Tre Kronor (castle), 13 December 1533 son of Gustav I and Catherine of Saxe-Lauenburg||Karin Månsdotter||Died (Poisoned) while imprisoned in Örbyhus Castle, 26 February 1577. Aged 43, buried at Västerås Cathedral |- 30 September 1568 – 17 November 1592||[[File:John III of Sweden.jpg|100px]]||Stegeborg Castle, Östergötland, 20 December 1537 son of Gustav I and Margaret Leijonhufvud||Catherine Jagellonica (1562 – 1583), Gunilla Bielke (1585–1597)||Tre Kronor (castle), 17 November 1592, aged 54, buried at Uppsala Cathedral |- 17 November 1592 – 24 July 1599||[[File:Zygmunt III Waza 2.jpg|100px]]||Gripsholm Castle, 20 June 1566, son of John III and Catherine Jagellonica of Poland.||Anna of Austria (1592–1598), Constance of Austria (1605–1631)||Warsaw, Poland, 30 April 1632, aged 65, buried at Wawel Cathedral, Kraków, Poland |- 22 March 1604 – 30 October 1611 also as regent Duke Charles, 1599–1604||[[File:Charles IX of Sweden.jpg|100px]]||Tre Kronor (castle), 4 October 1550 son of Gustav I and Margaret Leijonhufvud||Maria of Palatinate-Simmern (1579–1589), Christina of Holstein-Gottorp (1592–1611)||Nyköping Castle, 30 October 1611, aged 61, buried at Strängnäs Cathedral |- 30 October 1611 – 6 November 1632||[[File:Gustav II of Sweden.jpg|100px]]||Tre Kronor (castle), 9 December 1594, son of Charles IX and Christina of Holstein-Gottorp.||Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg||6 November 1632, in the Battle of Lützen, Electorate of Saxony, aged 37, buried in Riddarholmen Church |- 6 November 1632 – 6 June 1654||[[File:Swedish queen Drottning Kristina portrait by Sébastien Bourdon stor.jpg|100px]]||Stockholm, 8 December 1626, daughter of Gustavus Adolphus and Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg||Unmarried||Rome, 19 April 1689, aged 62, buried at St. Peter's Basilica, Vatican City |- |}

[[House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken]], a branch of the [[House of Wittelsbach]]

|Charles X Gustav (Karl X Gustav) 6 June 1654 – 13 February 1660||[[File:King Charles X Gustavus (Sébastien Bourdon) - Nationalmuseum - 19702.tif|100px]]||Nyköping Castle, 8 November 1622, son of John Casimir, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Kleeburg and Catharina of Sweden (daughter of Charles IX)||Hedwig Eleonora of Holstein-Gottorp||Gothenburg, 13 February 1660, aged 37, buried in Riddarholmen Church |- |Charles XI (Karl XI) 13 February 1660 – 5 April 1697||[[File:Charles XI of Sweden (1691).jpg|100px]]||Tre Kronor (castle), 24 November 1655 son of Charles X and Hedwig Eleonora of Holstein-Gottorp||Ulrike Eleonora of Denmark||Tre Kronor (castle), 5 April 1697, aged 41, buried in Riddarholmen Church |- |Charles XII (Karl XII) 5 April 1697 – 30 November 1718||[[File:Karl XII 1706.jpg|100px]]||Tre Kronor (castle), 17 June 1682 son of Charles XI and Ulrika Eleonora the Elder||Unmarried||Fredrikshald, Norway, 30 November 1718, aged 36, buried in Riddarholmen Church |- |Ulrica Eleanor (Ulrika Eleonora) 5 December 1718 – 29 February 1720||[[File:Ulrica Eleanor of Sweden (1688) c 1725 by Georg Engelhard Schröder.jpg|100px]]||Tre Kronor (castle), 23 January 1688 daughter of Charles XI and Ulrika Eleonora the Elder||Frederick I, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel||Stockholm, 24 November 1741, aged 53, buried in Riddarholmen Church |- |}

[[Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel|House of Hesse]]

24 March 1720 – 10 September 1721||[[File:Fredrik av Hessen.jpg|100 px]]||Kassel, (in today's Germany), 23 April 1676 son of Charles I, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel and Princess Maria Amalia of Courland||Louise Dorothea of Prussia Ulrika Eleonora of Sweden||Stockholm, 25 March 1751, aged 74, buried in Riddarholmen Church |- |}

On 10 September 1721, Sweden ceded Estonia to the Tsardom of Russia, in the Treaty of Nystad.

References

References

1. Also known as '''[https://books.google.com/books?lr=&q=%22Duke+of+Estland%22&btnG=Search+Books Duke of Estland]''' or '''[https://books.google.com/books?lr=&ei=7NnmSKvDM5KQzQTJnfWDAQ&q=%22Prince+of+Estonia%22&btnG=Search+Books Prince of Estonia]''' or '''[https://books.google.com/books?lr=&ei=7NnmSKvDM5KQzQTJnfWDAQ&q=%22Lord+of+Estonia%22&btnG=Search+Books Lord of Estonia]'''
2. Skyum-Nielsen, Niels. (1981). "Danish Medieval History & Saxo Grammaticus". Museum Tusculanum Press.
3. "Overture in Europe". estonica.org.
4. Michael, Jones. (2000). "The New Cambridge Medieval History". Cambridge University Press.
5. Christiansen, Eric. (1997). "The Northern Crusades". Penguin.
6. Moncure, James. (1992). "Research Guide to European Historical Biography". University of Michigan.
7. Joubert, Carl. (1905). "Russia as it Really is". E. Nash.
8. Note that the birth date is 8 December in the [[Julian calendar]], which was in effect in Sweden at the time, corresponding to 18 December in the [[Gregorian calendar]].