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Distomo

Town in Boeotia, Greece

Field	Value
name	Distomo
name_local	Δίστομο
type	municipal unit
image_map	DE Distomou.svg
map_caption	Location within the regional unit
periph	Central Greece
periphunit	Boeotia
municipality	Distomo-Arachova-Antikyra
pop_municunit	3644
pop_community	3085
population_as_of	2021
area_municunit	131.27
area_community	80.498
elevation	218
coordinates
city_seal	Distomo_logo.jpg
licence	ΒΙ
website	http://www.daa.gov.gr
image_skyline	DISTOMO 002.JPG

:"Distomo" may also refer to a work by Federico García Lorca

Distomo () is a town in western Boeotia, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform, it is part of the municipality Distomo-Arachova-Antikyra, of which it is the seat and a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 131.270 km2, the community 80.498 km2. As of 2021, the population is 3,644. Distomo is situated in the western foothills of Mount Helicon, at about 450 m elevation. It is 5 km north of the Gulf of Corinth coast, 9 km southeast of Arachova, 12 km east of Desfina, 16 km southeast of Delphi, 18 km west of Livadeia and 105 km northwest of Athens. The Greek National Road 48 (Naupactus - Arachova - Livadeia) passes north of the town.

Distomo is known as the site of the Distomo massacre that was perpetrated by the German army against the local inhabitants during the Second World War.

One of the most important monuments of Byzantine architecture and a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the monastery of Hosios Loukas is situated close to Distomo.

During the ancient Greek times there was a settlement called Amvryssos (Amvrossos), part of which is buried under Distomo. There is an archaeological museum in Distomo officially called Distomo Archaeological Collection with a fine exhibit of ancient pottery and artifacts. The local football team is also named Amvrysseas after the ancient Greek city.

Aluminium of Greece has its production facilities in the coastal village Agios Nikolaos. Other industries include agriculture and services.

Subdivisions

The municipal unit Distomo is subdivided into the following communities (constituent villages in brackets):

Distomo (Distomo, Agios Nikolaos, Paralia Distomou)
Steiri (Steiri, Hosios Loukas monastery)

Population

Year	Village population	Community population	Municipal unit population
1981	-	-	5,604
1991	2,156	-	-
2001	2,048	3,350	4,368
2011	1,589	3,192	3,881
2021	1,368	3,085	3,644

History

The ancient Phocean city of Amvrissos (Amvrossos) is located on the site of modern Distomo and its broader area. Main article: Distomo massacre

On 10 June 1944, Distomo was the site of a massacre of civilians by the Germans, which constituted a war crime. The massacre was meant as "retribution" for the previous death of three Germans at the hands of local guerrillas, even though the villagers had no relation to the guerrillas.

The 4th SS Polizei Division perpetrated grave crimes, with superiors encouraging the soldiers. Among the crimes was ripping out the intestines of a baby and splattering them on a close relative.

Decades later, a Greek court awarded restitution to Greek victims, but the German government pressed Greece politically to nullify that decision.

To enforce the decision by the Greek court, this case was brought before an Italian court, Greece being unwilling to enforce their own decisions. The judges awarded the plaintiffs the Villa Vigoni in Menaggio, Italy, a German government-sponsored nonprofit foundation. The German government appealed the decision by the Italian supreme civil court for restitutions at the International Court of Justice, claiming state immunity.

References

"ΦΕΚ B 1292/2010, Kallikratis reform municipalities". [[Government Gazette (Greece).
"Population & housing census 2001 (incl. area and average elevation)". National Statistical Service of Greece.
"Greece threatens to seize German property as compensation". BBC News.

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

populated-places-in-boeotia distomo-arachova-antikyra

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