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Distichia

Eyelash growth from an abnormal part of the eyelid

Field	Value
name	Distichia
image	Canine distichiae.JPG
caption	Distichiae of the upper and lower lid of a dog
field	Ophthalmology

A distichia is an eyelash that arises from an abnormal part of the eyelid. This abnormality, attributed to a genetic mutation, is known to affect dogs and humans. Distichiae usually exit from the duct of the meibomian gland at the eyelid margin. They are usually multiple, and sometimes more than one arises from a duct. They can affect either the upper or lower eyelid and are usually bilateral. The lower eyelids of dogs usually have no eyelashes.

Distichiae usually cause no symptoms, because the lashes are soft, but they can irritate the eye and cause tearing, squinting, inflammation, corneal ulcers and scarring. Treatment options include manual removal, electrolysis, electrocautery, CO2 laser ablation, cryotherapy, and surgery.

Commonly affected breeds

In veterinary medicine, some canine breeds are affected by distichiasis more frequently than others:

Cocker Spaniel
Dachshund (especially the miniature longhaired Dachshund)
Bulldog
Pekingese
Yorkshire Terrier
Flat-Coated Retriever
Shetland Sheepdog
Boxer
Poodle

Ectopic cilia

An ectopic cilia is a special type of distichia usually found in younger dogs. Commonly affected breeds include Poodles, Golden Retrievers, and Shih Tzus. The eyelash exits through the conjunctiva of the eyelid facing toward the eye, usually at the middle of the upper eyelid. It can cause intense pain and corneal ulcers. Treatment is surgery or cryotherapy.

References

Brooks, Dennis E.. (2005). "Ophthalmic Examination Made Ridiculously Simple". Proceedings of the 30th World Congress of the World Small Animal Veterinary Association.
(2006). "Eyelids: Conformational Abnormalities". The Merck Veterinary Manual.
Winkler, Christopher. (2020-01-06). "There's something in his eye: CO₂ surgical lasers for distichia".
(1999). "Veterinary Ophthalmology". Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.
Ketring, Kerry I.. (2006). "The Top Ten Ophthalmic Mistakes". Proceedings of the North American Veterinary Conference.

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

dog-diseases congenital-disorders-of-eyes eyelash

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