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Deaflympics

International sports event for deaf people

Summary

International sports event for deaf people

Field	Value
native_name	Comité International des Sports des Sourds
name	Deaflympics Games
image	Deaflympics logo.svg
image_upright	0.9
caption	Deaflympics logo
motto	Per Ludos Aequalitas (Equality Through Sport)
formation	in Paris, France – 1924 Summer Deaflympics
recurrence	4 years
last	2023 Winter Deaflympics in Erzurum, Turkey
2025 Summer Deaflympics in Tokyo, Japan
next	2027 Winter Deaflympics in Innsbruck, Austria
2029 Summer Deaflympics in Athens, Greece
purpose	To provide opportunities for deaf persons to participate in elite sports
website

2025 Summer Deaflympics in Tokyo, Japan 2029 Summer Deaflympics in Athens, Greece

The Deaflympics, also known as Deaflympiad (previously called World Games for the Deaf, and International Games for the Deaf) are a periodic series of multi-sport events sanctioned by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) at which deaf athletes compete at an elite level. Unlike the athletes in other IOC-sanctioned events (the Olympics, the Paralympics, and the Special Olympics), athletes cannot be guided by sounds (such as starting pistols, bullhorn commands or referee whistles). The games have been organized by the Comité International des Sports des Sourds (CISS, "The International Committee of Sports for the Deaf") since the first event in 1924.

History

The Deaflympics are held every four years, and are the longest running multi-sport event in history after the Olympics. The first games, held in Paris in 1924, were the first ever international sporting event for athletes with a disability. The event has been held every four years since, apart from a break for World War II, and an additional event, the Deaflympic Winter Games, was added in 1949. The games began as a small gathering of 148 athletes from nine European nations competing in the International Silent Games in Paris, France, in 1924; now, they have grown into a global movement.

Officially, the games were originally called the "International Games for the Deaf" from 1924 to 1965, but were sometimes also referred to as the "International Silent Games". From 1966 to 1999, they were called the "World Games for the Deaf", and occasionally referred to as the "World Silent Games". From 2001, the games have been known by their current name Deaflympics (often mistakenly called the Deaf Olympics).

To qualify for the games, athletes must have a hearing loss of at least 55 dB in their "better ear". Hearing aids, cochlear implants, and the like are not allowed to be used in competition, to place all athletes on the same level. Other examples of ways the games vary from hearing competitions are the manner in which they are officiated. To address the issue of Deaflympians not being able to be guided by sounds, certain sports use alternative methods of commencing the game. For example, the football referees wave a flag instead of blowing a whistle; on the track, races are started by using a light, instead of a starter pistol. It is also customary for spectators not to cheer or clap, but rather to wave with both hands, the Deaf form of applause.

After the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the International Committee of Sports for the Deaf (ICSD) banned athletes from Russia and Belarus from that year's Deaflympics in Caxias do Sul, Brazil.

Host nations and cities

The Summer Deaflympic Games have been hosted by 24 cities in 20 countries, but by cities outside Europe on only seven occasions (Washington, D.C. 1965, Los Angeles in 1985, Christchurch in 1989, Melbourne in 2005, Taipei in 2009, Caxias do Sul in 2022, and Tokyo in 2025 – the most recently held event). The Winter Deaflympic Games have been hosted by 17 cities in 12 countries. The last winter Games were held in Erzurum, Turkey in 2023.

The 2011 Winter Games scheduled to be held in Vysoké Tatry, Slovakia were cancelled due to the lack of readiness by the organizing committee to host the games. The International Committee of Deaf Sports filed a criminal complaint against the Slovak Deaflympics Organizing Committee and its president, Mr. Jaromír Ruda. The criminal complaint demands reimbursement of the funds that were transferred to the Slovak Deaflympics Organizing Committee from national deaf sports federations, to cover hotel accommodations and other Deaflympics-related expenses. According to the Slovak newspaper, SME, "Jaromír Ruda, head of the Slovak Organising Committee, [is] a champion of promises and someone who is accused of a 1.6 million Euro Deaflympics-related fraud". In a letter to the United States Deaflympians, International Committee of Sports for the Deaf ICSD President Craig Crowley expressed "his deep apologies for the cancellation of the 17th Winter Deaflympics". Currently, the Slovak Deaflympic Committee and the Slovakia Association of Deaf Sportsmen Unions have been suspended. In 2013, the Special Criminal Court in Banská Bystrica sentenced Ruda to a prison term of years for defrauding €1.6 million that should have been used for Winter Deaflympics.

The host cities and National Deaf Sports Associations for all past and scheduled games are as follows:

List of Summer Deaflympics hosts

Games	Year	Host	Opened by	Dates	Nations	Competitors	Sports	Events	Top-ranked	Total	Men	Women
1	1924	France Paris, France	Gaston Doumergue	10–17 August	9	148	147	1	6	31		FRA
2	1928	Netherlands Amsterdam, Netherlands	Wilhelmina of the Netherlands	18–26 August	10	212	198	14	5	38		GBR
3	1931	Germany Nuremberg, Germany	Paul von Hindenburg	19–23 August	14	316	288	28	6	43		GER
4	1935	Great_Britain London, Great Britain	George V	17–24 August	12	221	178	43	5	41		GBR
5	1939	Sweden Stockholm, Sweden	Gustaf V	24–27 August	13	250	208	42	6	43		GBR
6	1949	Denmark Copenhagen, Denmark	Frederik IX of Denmark	12–16 August	14	391	342	49	7	51		GBR
7	1953	Belgium Brussels, Belgium	Baudouin of Belgium	15–19 August	16	473	432	41	7	57		GER
8	1957	Italy Milan, Italy	Giovanni Gronchi	25–30 August	25	635	565	70	9	69		URS
9	1961	Finland Helsinki, Finland	Urho Kekkonen	6–10 August	24	613	503	110	10	94		URS
10	1965	USA Washington, D.C., United States	Lyndon B. Johnson	27 June – 3 July	27	687	575	112	9	85		URS
11	1969	YUG Belgrade, Yugoslavia	Josip Broz Tito	9–16 August	33	1189	964	225	12	105		URS
12	1973	SWE Malmö, Sweden	Gustaf VI Adolf	21–28 August	31	1116	893	223	11	97		USA
13	1977	ROM Bucharest, Romania	Nicolae Ceauşescu	17–27 July	32	1150	913	237	11	106		USA
14	1981	FRG Cologne, West Germany	Helmut Schmidt	23 July – 1 August	32	1198	893	305	11	110		USA
15	1985	USA Los Angeles, United States	Ronald Reagan	10–20 August	29	995	745	250	11	96		USA
16	1989	NZL Christchurch, New Zealand	David Lange	7–17 January	30	955	726	229	12	120		USA
17	1993	BUL Sofia, Bulgaria	Zhelyu Zhelev	24 July – 2 August	52	1,679	1,295	384	12	126		USA
18	1997	DEN Copenhagen, Denmark	John M. Lovett	13–26 July	65	2,028	1,496	534	14	140		USA
19	2001	ITA Rome, Italy	Carlo Azeglio Ciampi	22 July – 1 August	67	2,208	1,562	646	14	143		USA
20	2005	AUS Melbourne, Australia	Marigold Southey	5–16 January	63	2,038	1,402	636	14	147		UKR
21	2009	[[File:Flag_of_Chinese_Taipei_for_Deaf.png	22px	border]] Taipei, Chinese Taipei	Ma Ying-jeou	5–15 September	80	2,670	1,714	779	17	177	RUS
22	2013	BUL Sofia, Bulgaria	Rosen Plevneliev	26 July – 4 August	83	2,711	1,792	919	16	203		RUS
23	2017	TUR Samsun, Turkey	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan	18–30 July	97	2,856	1,897	959	18	219		RUS
24	2022	BRA Caxias do Sul, Brazil	Michelle Bolsonaro	1–15 May 2022	71	2,412	1,647	765	18	219		UKR
25	2025	JPN Tokyo, Japan	Ádám Kósa	15–26 November	79	2,911	1,878	1,033	18	209		UKR
26	2029	GRE Athens, Greece	Future event

1 ROCThe Republic of China (Taiwan) is recognised as Chinese Taipei by the CISS and the majority of international organisations it participates in due to political considerations and Cross-Strait relations with the People's Republic of China.

2 The marathon was held 4 days before the opening ceremony in Füssen, Germany on 21 July 2013.

3 Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Summer Deaflympics that were to be held in December 2021 were postponed until May 2022, and due to the small number of venues within the host city, the bowling events were transferred to Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, and were held between 20 and 30 October 2022.

List of Winter Deaflympics hosts

Games	Year	Host	Opened by	Dates	Nations	Competitors	Sports	Events	Top-ranked	Total	Men	Women
1	1949	Austria Seefeld, Austria		26–30 February	5	33	33	0	2	5	[[File:Civil Ensign of Switzerland (Pantone).svg	23px]] Switzerland
2	1953	Norway Oslo, Norway		20–24 February	6	44	42	2	4	9		NOR
3	1955	Germany Oberammergau, West Germany		10–13 February	8	59	54	5	4	11		NOR
4	1959	[[File:Civil Ensign of Switzerland (Pantone).svg	23px]] Montana-Vermala, Switzerland		27–31 January	10	42			3	14		NOR
5	1963	Sweden Åre, Sweden		12–16 March	9	60			2	13		AUT
6	1967	Germany Berchtesgaden, West Germany		20–25 February	12	89			2	11		NOR
7	1971	[[File:Civil Ensign of Switzerland (Pantone).svg	23px]] Adelboden, Switzerland		25–30 February	13	145			2	11	[[File:Civil Ensign of Switzerland (Pantone).svg	23px]] Switzerland
8	1975	USA Lake Placid, United States		2–8 February	13	136			4	12		CAN
9	1979	France Méribel, France		21–27 January	14	180			3	12		URS
10	1983	ITA Madonna di Campiglio, Italy		13–23 January	15	147			3	17		URS
11	1987	NOR Oslo, Norway		7–14 February	15	169			3	18		NOR
12	1991	CAN Banff, Canada		2–9 March	16	175			5	18		URS
13	1995	FIN Ylläs, Finland		14–19 March	18	260			4	15		RUS
14	1999	[[File:Civil Ensign of Switzerland (Pantone).svg	23px]] Davos, Switzerland		6–14 March	18	273			5	17		RUS
15	2003	SWE Sundsvall, Sweden		26 February – 9 March	21	259			4	23		RUS
16	2007	USA Salt Lake City, United States		1–10 February	23	302			5	26		RUS
17	2011	SVK Vysoké Tatry, Slovakia		16–28 February	Cancelled
18	2015	RUS Khanty-Mansiysk and Magnitogorsk, Russia	Vitaly Mutko	28 March – 5 April	27	344			5	31		RUS
19	2019	ITA Sondrio Province, Italy	Marco Scaramellini	12–21 December	34	493			7	36		RUS
20	2023	TUR Erzurum, Turkey	Mustafa Çiftçi	2–12 March 2024	36	534	314	220	6	34		UKR
21	2027	Austria Innsbruck, Austria	Future event	15-24 January	Future event

Youth Games

1st Summer Youth Deaf Games was held in 2024 in Brazil with 17 nations in 4 sports (28 events).

All-time medal table

Summer Deaflympics

An all-time Summer Deaflympics from 1924 Summer Deaflympics to 2025 Summer Deaflympics, is tabulated below. The table is simply the consequence of the sum of the medal tables of the various editions of the Summer Deaflympics.

Winter Deaflympics

An all-time Winter Deaflympics from 1949 Winter Deaflympics to 2023 Winter Deaflympics, is tabulated below. The table is simply the consequence of the sum of the medal tables of the various editions of the Winter Deaflympics.

Combined

Rank	Nation	Summer	Winter	Combined	[[File:Gold medal olympic.svg	20px	link=]]	[[File:Silver medal olympic.svg	20px	link=]]	[[File:Bronze medal olympic.svg	20px	link=]]
1	United States	393	328	375	1096	21	29	34	84	414	357	409	1180
2	Russia	237	206	223	666	53	40	42	135	290	246	265	801
3	Ukraine	198	215	199	611	14	19	13	46	212	234	212	658
4	Soviet Union	173	124	108	405	24	26	21	71	197	150	129	476
5	Italy	100	103	124	327	22	14	16	52	122	117	140	379
6	West Germany	121	121	120	362	0	0	0	0	121	121	120	362
7	Iran	113	91	111	315	1	0	0	1	114	81	92	316
8	Japan	95	85	83	263	8	6	6	20	103	91	89	283
9	South Korea	90	86	81	257	0	2	3	5	90	88	84	262
10	France	78	95	100	273	11	17	15	43	89	112	115	316
11	Norway	32	28	25	85	48	36	40	124	80	64	65	209
12	Great Britain	72	88	99	259	2	2	2	6	74	90	101	265
13	Germany	59	102	103	264	13	19	30	62	72	121	133	326
14	Finland	50	52	47	149	21	21	20	62	71	73	67	211
15	Sweden	65	84	63	212	2	15	10	27	67	99	73	239
16	China	58	50	66	174	10	8	11	29	68	58	77	203
17	Hungary	52	55	47	154	0	1	2	3	52	56	49	157
18	Australia	45	29	33	107	6	4	1	11	51	33	34	118
19	Poland	44	81	98	223	5	5	1	11	49	86	99	234
20	Canada	32	41	38	111	18	8	8	34	50	49	46	145
21	Denmark	47	40	54	141	0	0	0	0	47	40	54	141
22	Turkey	42	51	80	173	0	0	1	1	42	51	81	174
23	Czech Republic	20	12	15	47	18	9	6	33	38	21	21	80
24	Belarus	37	48	24	109	0	0	0	0	37	48	24	109
25	South Africa	35	17	10	62	0	0	0	0	35	17	10	62
26	Netherlands	33	35	29	97	0	0	0	0	33	35	29	97
27	Chinese Taipei	31	48	50	129	0	0	0	0	31	48	50	129
28	Switzerland	9	16	16	41	20	29	24	73	29	45	40	114
29	India	26	9	21	56	0	0	0	0	26	9	21	56
30	Austria	2	6	8	16	23	26	27	76	25	32	35	92
31	Yugoslavia	24	13	21	58	0	1	1	2	24	14	22	60
32	Kenya	21	20	25	66	0	0	0	0	21	20	25	66
33	Ireland	16	15	11	42	0	0	0	0	16	15	11	42
34	Bulgaria	15	43	51	109	0	0	0	0	15	43	51	109
35	Belgium	15	29	41	85	0	0	0	0	15	29	41	85
36	Lithuania	15	22	30	67	0	1	0	1	15	23	30	68
37	Venezuela	14	13	27	54	0	0	0	0	14	13	27	54
38	Cuba	14	6	12	32	0	0	0	0	14	6	12	32
39	Estonia	12	8	15	35	0	0	0	0	12	8	15	35
40	Kazakhstan	7	8	26	41	1	0	1	2	8	8	27	43
41	Croatia	7	6	3	16	1	1	4	6	8	7	7	22
42	Greece	7	11	13	31	0	0	0	0	7	11	13	31
43	Slovakia	5	5	5	15	2	5	0	7	7	10	5	22
44	East Germany	7	8	8	23	0	0	0	0	7	8	8	23
45	Portugal	7	4	6	17	0	0	0	0	7	4	6	17
46	Romania	6	9	14	29	0	0	0	0	6	9	14	29
47	Latvia	5	7	4	16	1	0	0	1	6	7	4	17
48	New Zealand	5	6	7	18	0	0	0	0	5	6	7	18
49	Slovenia	2	2	3	7	2	2	3	7	4	4	6	14
50	Malaysia	3	11	4	18	0	0	0	0	3	11	4	18
51	Czechoslovakia	3	7	9	19	0	0	0	0	3	7	9	19
52	Mexico	3	3	3	9	0	0	0	0	3	3	3	9
53	Puerto Rico	3	0	1	4	0	0	0	0	3	0	1	4
54	Mongolia	2	6	14	22	0	0	0	0	2	6	14	22
55	Spain	1	5	7	13	1	0	0	1	2	5	7	14
56	Singapore	2	1	1	4	0	0	0	0	2	1	1	4
57	Argentina	1	4	5	10	0	0	0	0	1	4	5	10
58	Brazil	1	1	13	15	0	1	1	2	1	2	14	17
59	Colombia	1	2	2	5	0	0	0	0	1	2	2	5
60	Algeria	1	1	3	5	0	0	0	0	1	1	3	5
61	Dominican Republic	1	1	0	2	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	2
Ecuador	1	1	0	2	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	2
63	Israel	0	0	3	3	1	0	0	1	1	0	3	4
64	Macau	1	0	1	2	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	2
Thailand	1	0	1	2	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	2
United Arab Emirates	1	0	1	2	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	2
67	Chile	1	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1
68	Kyrgyzstan	0	2	9	11	0	0	0	0	0	2	9	11
69	Georgia	0	2	1	3	0	0	0	0	0	2	1	3
Nigeria	0	2	1	3	0	0	0	0	0	2	1	3
71	Armenia	0	1	10	11	0	0	0	0	0	1	10	11
72	Serbia	0	1	3	4	0	0	1	1	0	1	4	5
73	Indonesia	0	1	3	4	0	0	0	0	0	1	3	4
74	Moldova	0	1	1	2	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	2
75	Iceland	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1
76	Uzbekistan	0	0	4	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	4
77	Saudi Arabia	0	0	3	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	3
78	Cyprus	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1
Egypt	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1
Hong Kong	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1
Turkmenistan	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1
2496	2498	2709	7703	349	347	344	1040	2845	2845	3053	8743

Sports

Summer Deaflympics

The following sports have been contested in a Summer Deaflympic Games programme:

Sport (Discipline)	Body	24	28	31	35	39	49	53	57	61	65	69	73	77	81	85	89	93	97	01	05	09	13	17	21	25
Aquatics – Swimming		7	10	11	10	11	14	18	14	14	15	17	17	26	26	34	31	34	32	38	38	38	38	40	45	42
Athletics		17	20	23	23	23	24	26	32	32	33	34	34	35	30	32	36	40	40	43	42	43	44	43	45	43
Badminton																5	5	6	6	6	6	6	5	6	6	6
Basketball	DIBF						1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2
Bowling																			10	10	10	10	8	12	7	7
Cycling – Mountain																							2	2	2	4
Cycling – Road		3	3	1	1	1	1	1	3	3	3	3	3	3	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	7	8	8	8
Football		1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	2	2	2	2	2	2	2
Golf																								2	2	3
Handball												2	1	1	1	2	1	1	1	2	1	1	1	1	2	1
Judo																						10	17	17	16	16
Karate																						5	15	18	16	14
Orienteering																				6	6	5	8	9	10	9
Shooting		1		1		2	3	3	4	3	3	3	4	4	4	4	8	7	7	6	6	10	11	12	13	13
Table Tennis										5	5	7	7	5	7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7
Taekwondo																						8	13	13	11	11
Tennis		2	2	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5
Volleyball – Beach																					2	2	2	2	2	2
Volleyball – Indoor												2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2
Wrestling – Freestyle										8	8	8	10	10	10	10	10	10	8	8	7	7	7	8	8	6
Wrestling – Greco-Roman										8	8	8	10	10	10	10	10	10	8	8	7	7	7	8	8	6
Aquatics – Diving		1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1		1	1
Aquatics – Water Polo							1		1	1				1	1	1		1	1	1	1	1
Gymnastics – Artistic			2						2	13	12	12
Gymnastics – Artistic		•
Gymnastics – Rhythmic		•

Winter Deaflympics

The following sports have been contested in a Winter Deaflympic Games programme:

Sport (Discipline)	49	53	55	59	63	67	71	75	79	83	87	91	95	99	03	07	15	19	23
Chess																		4	5
Curling																2	2	2	3
Futsal																			2
Ice hockey												1	1	1	1	1	1	1
Skiing – Alpine	3	4	6	10	8	6	6	6	6	8	8	6	8	8	8	10	10	10	10
Skiing – Snowboarding															6	5	10	10	6
Skiing – Nordic – Cross-country	2	3	3	3	5	5	5	6	6	6	6	6	6	8	8	9	8	9	8
Skiing – Nordic – Nordic combined		1	1
Skiing – Nordic – Ski jumping		1	1	1
Speed skating										3	4	5
Curling																•
Ice hockey								•
Skiing – Snowboarding														•
Speed skating								•

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"Deaflympics". deaflympics.com.

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deaflympics deaf-sports-competitions disabled-multi-sport-events recurring-sporting-events-established-in-1924

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