Davao Oriental

Etymology

The name of the province was derived from the word, Dabaw, of which the center was west of the province.

History

Early history

The present territory of Davao Oriental was covered by the historical region of Caraga, which was partly under the Sultanate of Maguindanao.

Spanish colonial era

The Spaniards established a permanent settlement in the region in 1591, and in 1844, the area was ceded by the Sultanate to Spain. An expedition was sent by the colonial government in Manila in 1847 to control the region, led by the Spaniard Jose Oyanguren, who settled in the town of Davao and organized the surrounding areas into the province of Nueva Guipozcoa in 1849. The province existed until 1858, when the politico-military commandancias of Davao and Bislig were created in its place. Bislig was incorporated into the District of Davao two years later.

American colonial era

In 1903, the colonial American government created the Moro Province comprising several districts, one of which was Davao. The Moro province was converted in 1914 into the Department of Mindanao and Sulu, and its component districts were made into independent provinces.

Japanese occupation

In 1942, the territory of what is now Davao Oriental was occupied by the Japanese Imperial forces.

In 1945, the Battle of Davao began with the combined forces of the British, Australian, Dutch and the Filipino troops of the 6th, 101st, 102nd, 103rd, 104th, 106th, 107th and 110th Infantry Division of the Philippine Commonwealth Army and 10th Infantry Regiment of the Philippine Constabulary being supported by Davaoeño guerrilla fighter units in attacking Japanese Imperial forces during the liberation in Eastern Davao or Eastern Davao Campaign until the end of the Second World War.

Philippine independence

Foundation

On May 8, 1967, through Republic Act No. 4867, the province of Davao was divided into three independent provinces, one of which was Davao Oriental.

Contemporary

The capital town of Mati became a component city by virtue of Republic Act No. 9408 which sought to convert the municipality into a city. The law was ratified on June 16, 2007. However, the cityhood status was lost twice in the years 2008 and 2010 after the LCP questioned the validity of the cityhood law. The cityhood status was reaffirmed after the court finalized its ruling on February 15, 2011 which declared the cityhood law constitutional.

Geography

Davao Oriental covers a total area of 5,679.64 km2 occupying the eastern tip of the Davao Region in Mindanao. The province is bordered by Davao de Oro to the west, Agusan del Sur and Surigao del Sur to the north, Davao Gulf to the southwest, and the Philippine Sea to the east and southeast.

The Eastern Pacific Cordillera mountain range encompasses the province. To the east of the range lie narrow strips of coastal areas, which feature several inlets and bays. The province encloses Davao Gulf to the southwest.

Climate

Davao Oriental has a pronounced rainy season and a short dry season, with maximum rainfall occurring from November to January especially at coastal areas.

Administrative divisions

Davao Oriental comprises 10 municipalities and 1 city, all organized into 2 legislative districts. There are 183 barangays in the province.

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Demographics

The population of Davao Oriental in the 2020 census was 576,343 people, with a density of {{sigfig|576,343/5,679.64|2}} PD/km2.

The province is mostly inhabited by Cebuanos, who settled the province in the early 20th century from Visayas. Other ethnic groups include Bicolanos, Hiligaynons, Ilocanos, Tagalogs and Warays, as well as the indigenous Mandayas, Mansakas, Manobos and the Kalagan, who are all natives in Davao Oriental.

While the native languages spoken in the province are Kalagan, Mandaya, and Davaoeño. Cebuano is the dominant first language. Chavacano is spoken by a minority, while Tagalog and English are widely used in business, education, and government. Bikol Central is also spoken in parts of Mati.

Even some of the natives adhere to Christian faith (mostly Catholics), they are syncretic in some of their beliefs. Muslim Kagans traditionally inhabited the plains and coastal areas of the Municipalities of Banaybanay, Lupon, San Isidro, Governor Generoso, Mati and Tarragona.

Economy

Davao Oriental is the top coconut and copra (dried coconut meat) producer in the Philippines. It also is a major producer of abacá, and exports crude oil and copra pellets.

On March 20, 2018, Davao Oriental signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with Pionaire Finance Limited, a Hong Kong-based foreign firm for a $27-billion industrial park.

References

References

1. "List of Provinces". National Statistical Coordination Board.
2. (1995). "Fast Facts about Philippine Provinces". Tahanan Books.
3. (May 8, 1967). "Republic Act No. 4867 - An Act Creating the Provinces of Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur and Davao Oriental".
4. Quezon III, Manuel L.. (1965–1986). "Messages of the President Book 10: Ferdinand E. Marcos (Volume 1)". [[Office of the President of the Philippines.
5. (1978). "The Philippine Island World: A Physical, Cultural, and Regional Geography". University of California Press.
6. (1985). "Human Helminthiases in the Philippines the Epidemiological and Geomedical Situation". Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
7. "Weather forecast for Davao Oriental, Philippines". [[StormGeo.
8. (July 31, 2009). "1st Mindanao Coconut Summit takes centerstage in coco capital of RP". PIA Archive News Reader.
9. (November 30, 2007). "Davao Oriental Gov Malanyaon joins GMA in Spain". Mindanao News and Information Cooperative Center.
10. Davao Oriental, Pionaire sign MOU for $27-B industrial park https://www.rappler.com/business/198568-davao-oriental-mou-industrial-park-pionaire
11. Residents to benefit from US$27-billion industrial park in Davao - Guv http://pia.gov.ph/news/articles/1006034
12. Industrial Park to rise in Davao Oriental http://davaotoday.com/main/economy/industrial-park-to-rise-in-davao-oriental/
13. GOV, PARTNERS LEAD HISTORIC GROUNDBREAKING OF DAVAO ORIENTAL INDUSTRIAL PARK http://news.davaooriental.com.ph/index.php/gov-partners-lead-historic-groundbreaking-of-davao-oriental-industrial-park/