Davao del Norte

History

Establishment

Davao del Norte and Davao de Oro (Compostela Valley) by R.A. 8470, January 30, 1998, together with Davao Oriental, and Davao Occidental from Davao del Sur by R.A. 10360, January 14, 2013, used to be a whole province simply known as Davao Region. This original province was split into three: Davao del Norte, Davao Oriental, and Davao del Sur when Republic Act No. 4867 (authored by Representative Lorenzo S. Sarmiento, Sr.) was signed into law on May 8, 1967, by President Ferdinand Marcos.

Davao del Norte originally comprised thirteen municipalities: Asuncion, Babak (now in Samal), Compostela, Kapalong, Mabini, Mawab, Monkayo, Nabunturan, Panabo, Pantukan, Samal, Santo Tomas and Tagum. On May 6, 1970, six more municipalities were created: Carmen, Kaputian (now in Samal), Maco, Montevista, New Bataan, and New Corella.

The passage of Republic Act No. 6430 on June 17, 1972, changed the name of the province from Davao del Norte to Davao.

During the Marcos dictatorship

Main article: Martial law under Ferdinand Marcos, Human rights abuses of the Marcos dictatorship, Marcos cronies

For Davao del Norte and the island of Mindanao, things began to take a turn for the worse during the last months of Ferdinand Marcos' first presidential term. Marcos' debt-driven election spending had precipitated an economic crisis by late 1969, which then led to social unrest, violent crackdowns on protests, and eventually to the radicalization of many students throughout the country. In addition, news of the 1968 Jabidah massacre ignited ethnic tensions which encouraged the formation of secessionist movements in Mindanao. The September 1972 declaration of Martial Law then began a 14-year period historically remembered for its human rights abuses, often involving the warrantless detention, murder, and physical, sexual, or mental torture of political opponents, student activists, journalists, religious workers, farmers, and others who fought against the Marcos dictatorship. Among the most prominent of these victims were student activist Godofredo Abellana and labor organizer Eduardo Lanzona, who both fled political persecution in the urban areas and worked in the rural areas of Davao Del Norte.

Another major event in Davao Del Norte during this era was the establishment of a massive banana plantation in the province by Marcos crony Antonio Floirendo Sr., a major contributor to Marcos's 1965 and 1969 presidential campaigns. After Floirendo's initial business plans were rebuffed by the Senate during prior administrations, Marcos gave Floirendo special permission to lease 6,000 hectares of government land despite a 1,024 hectare limit, and to also hire prisoners from the Davao Penal Colony (Dapecol) as his laborers, soon allowing Floirendo to export bananas to the lucrative Japanese market and establishing him as the Philippines' "Banana King."

Contemporary history

By 1996, Davao had a total of twenty-two municipalities with the creation of San Vicente (now Laak) in 1979, Maragusan in 1988, and Talaingod in 1991.

On January 31, 1998, President Fidel V. Ramos signed Republic Act No. 8470, which split the province into two, creating the province of Davao de Oro (Compostela Valley). In the meantime, Davao was renamed back to Davao del Norte. Together with the creation of the new province, two cities and one municipality were created: the municipality of Tagum, capital of Davao del Norte, was converted into a city (R.A. 8472); Samal, Babak, and Kaputian were joined into the city of Samal (R.A. 8471); and the municipality of Braulio E. Dujali was created out of several barangays in Panabo and Carmen (R.A. 8473). The province then had 8 municipalities and 2 cities.

Republic Act No. 9015, signed into law on March 5, 2001, by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, converted the municipality of Panabo into a city. Republic Act No. 9265, approved on March 15, 2004, created the municipality of San Isidro from Asuncion and Kapalong.

Geography

Davao del Norte covers a total area of 3,426.97 km2 occupying the north-central section of the Davao Region. The province borders Agusan del Sur to the north, Bukidnon to the west, Davao de Oro to the east, and Davao City to the south.

Samal is the only municipality or city in the province not situated on Mindanao island. The city covers the entire Samal and Talikud Islands within Davao Gulf.

Administrative divisions

Davao del Norte comprises eight municipalities and three cities.

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Demographics

Davao de Oro that were part of the province until 1998. Source: Philippine Statistics Authority

Davao del Norte had a population of 1,125,057 in the 2020 census. The population density was . The province's population consists of people of Visayan descent whose ancestors came from Cebu, Bohol, Negros Oriental and Siquijor, though many of the province's residents also descended from 20th century migrants from Ilocandia, Cagayan Valley, Cordillera Administrative Region, Central Luzon, Calabarzon, Mindoro, Marinduque and Bicolandia in Luzon and Panay and Negros Occidental in Visayas. The main languages spoken are Cebuano and Davawenyo while English and Filipino are also widely spoken. Majority of the Davao del Norte residents are Roman Catholic Christians, but many of them adhere to the other Christian denominations such as Iglesia ni Cristo, Members Church of God International, Seventh Day Adventists, Pentecostal churches and Mormon Church. There is also a sizeable Muslim population in the province, many of whom are Kalagans, Maguindanaons and the migratory Maranaos with small but growing demographic of converts to Islam known as the Balik Islam.

Indigenous groups

Talaingod is the home of many Indigenous groups in Davao del Norte, with most of them Lumads and Aetas.

Economy

Davao del Norte is a primarily agricultural, but also engages in mining, forestry, and commercial fishing.

The principal crops of the province include rice, maize, banana, coconut, abacá, ramie, coffee, and a variety of fruit and root crops. Davao del Norte is the country's leading producer of bananas, with many plantations run by multinationals Dole and Del Monte, and local producers such as Lapanday, TADECO, and Marsman. Davao del Norte is also one of Mindanao's leading producer of rice.

Davao Gulf, to the south of the province, provides a living for many fisherfolk. Some of the fish products include brackish water milkfish, tilapia, shrimp, and crab; and freshwater catfish and tilapia.

Davao del Norte is a major producer of gold, and its mining resources include silica, silver, copper, and elemental sulfur. Small-scale gold mining activities thrive in several areas. There are also numerous active quarries of commercial quantities of gravel, sand, and pebbles for construction.

Tourism is also a major part of the economy of Davao del Norte. There are a lot of beaches on Samal Island, the most famous of which is Pearl Farm Beach Resort. Banana Beach Resort is the most famous beach outside of Samal Island.

Commerce is also a major part of the economy of Davao del Norte. There are lot of shopping malls in Tagum.

Notable people

• Jerwin Ancajas - boxer
• Dennis Denora - journalist and publisher
• Thor Dulay - The Voice Ph semifinalist
• Jasmine Bacurnay Lee - Filipino-born naturalized Korean actress and politician
• Arrel Olaño - politician
• Jay Durias - singer
• Maris Racal - actress and runner-up of Pinoy Big Brother: All In
• Iwa Moto - actress, model and runner up of StarStruck (season 3)
• Allan L. Rellon - politician former mayor of Tagum 2013–2022
• Pantaleon Alvarez - politician, the current Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines and a Congressman from the First District of Davao del Norte
• Yesha Camile - child actress in ABS-CBN and a former host of Team Yey!
• Lie Reposposa - former housemate of Pinoy Big Brother: Otso

Notes

References

References

1. "List of Provinces". National Statistical Coordination Board.
2. "Republic Act No. 4867 - An Act Creating the Provinces of Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur and Davao Oriental". Chan Robles Virtual Law Library.
3. "Republic Act No. 6430 - An Act Changing the Name of the Province of Davao del Norte to Province of Davao". Chan Robles Virtual Law Library.
4. Rodis, Rodel. (January 30, 2015). "Remembering the First Quarter Storm".
5. George, T.J.S.. (1980). "Revolt in Mindanao: the rise of Islam in Philippine politics".
6. (September 20, 1999). "Alfred McCoy, Dark Legacy: Human rights under the Marcos regime". [[Ateneo de Manila University]].
7. (2005). "State and society in the Philippines". Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
8. "Gone too soon: 7 youth leaders killed under Martial Law". Rappler.
9. (2023-06-12). "Martyrs & Heroes: Eduardo Taking Lanzona".
10. (2023-05-21). "Martyrs & Heroes: Godofredo Abellana".
11. Ricardo., Manapat. (1991). "Some are smarter than others: the history of Marcos' crony capitalism". Aletheia Publications.
12. Kamm, Henry. "CREATING A DYNASTY IN THE {{sic".
13. Lustre, Philip M. Jr.. (2016-02-25). "Search for Marcos' wealth: Compromising with cronies". Rappler.
14. (2012-07-05). "Philippines banana magnate dies".
15. (April 4, 1979). "Batas Pambansa Blg. 23; An Act Creating the Municipality of San Vicente in the Province of Davao del Norte".
16. (November 25, 1977). "Presidential Decree No. 1247; Creating the Municipality of San Mariano in the Province of Davao".
17. (October 12, 1988). "Republic Act No. 6678; An Act Changing the Name of the Municipality of San Mariano in the First District of the Province of Davao del Norte to Municipality of Maragusan". Congress of the Philippines.
18. (July 29, 1991). "Republic Act No. 7081; An Act Creating the Municipality of Talaingod in the Province of Davao".
19. "Republic Act No. 8470 - An Act Creating the Province of Compostela Valley from the Province of Davao del Norte, and for Other Purposes". Chan Robles Virtual Law Library.
20. "Republic Act No. 8472 - An Act Converting the Municipality of Tagum, Davao Province, Into a Component City to be Known as the City of Tagum".
21. "Republic Act No. 8471 - An Act Constituting the Three Municipalities of Babak, Samal and Kaputian of Samal Island, Province of Davao, Into a Component City to be Known as the Island Garden City of Samal".
22. "Republic Act No. 8473 - An Act Creating the Municipality of Braulio E. Dujali in the Province of Davao, and for Other Purposes".
23. "Republic Act No. 9015; An Act Converting the Municipality of Panabo, Province of Davao del Norte Into a Component City to be Known as the City of Panabo.".
24. "Republic Act No. 9265; An Act Creating the Municipality of San Isidro in the Province of Davao del Norte".
25. "Philippines Census Of Population of all LGUs 1903-2007". Philippine Statistics Authority.