Darlington Raceway

Description

Configuration

Darlington Raceway in its current form is measured at 1.366 mi, with 25° of banking in the track's first two turns, 23° of banking in the track's last two turns, and 6° of banking on the track's straights. The track is known for its asymmetrical layout, with the first two turns having a wider radius than the last two turns. Due to numerous factors, including an unusually highly abrasive track surface, its asymmetrical shape, and the track's preferred racing line of being near the wall, the track has often been regarded by NASCAR drivers as one of the toughest circuits on the NASCAR schedule, with teams often sacrificing performance in one set of turns to run better in the other set of turns.

Amenities

Darlington Raceway is located in Darlington, South Carolina, and is served by U.S. Route 52 and the concurrent South Carolina Highway 34 and South Carolina Highway 151. As of 2021, the venue has a capacity of 47,000 according to The State.

Track history

Planning and construction

After witnessing the 1933 Indianapolis 500 in-person, Darlington, South Carolina, resident Harold Brasington was interested in rekindling the success of the Indianapolis 500 in the American Southeast with stock car racing. After searching in numerous locations in Virginia, Tennessee, and Atlanta, he settled to buy lands in his hometown due to lower land prices. After 15 years of owning a trucking business, Brasington was able to gather enough money and agreed on a handshake deal to build a stock car track on a 105 acre plot of land owned by J. S. Ramsey, a personal friend of Brasington. The date of the beginning of construction for the venue is disputed: in a 1950 report published by the Columbia Record, Darlington Raceway general engineer Paul Psilios stated that construction started on January 13, 1950. However, according to numerous Carolinan newspapers decades after the venue's opening, construction started sometime in 1949, with Charlotte News writer Bob Myers stating that groundbreaking occurred on December 12. Darlington Raceway, according to multiple South Carolinian newspapers, was placed under heavy speculation and doubt, with the facility reportedly earning the derogatory nickname "Harold's Folly" by the local populace.

After grading for then-turns 3 and 4 were completed, Ramsey became worried about the track potentially destroying a fishing pond that he often fished in after witnessing the fast-paced construction of the venue. In response, Brasington opted to make the radius of then-turns 1 and 2 tighter than then-turns 3 and 4. In February 1950, ''The Charlotte News''' Rubye Arnold reported that the facility would host a 500 mi race on Labor Day of that year. By April, grading on the facility was 50% complete. A month later, with a newly-elected slate of board of directors being appointed, a completion date of August 1 was announced. On July 1, surfacing of the track started. By the completion of the then-named Darlington International Raceway, it had a seating capacity of approximately 10,000, with the 1.25 mi track drawing comparisons to the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in terms of prestige.

Early Colvin years

Darlington International Raceway officially opened to the public on August 19, 1950, for qualifying races for the 1950 Southern 500. The Southern 500, the venue's first major race, took place on September 4, with Johnny Mantz winning the event. In November, the facility ran its first motorcycle races for Armistice Day weekend. The following year, Bob Colvin was appointed to replace Brasington as president of the track, with Brasington eventually cutting all ties with the facility four years later.

Under Colvin's leadership, the venue was expanded extensively; in 1953, the track's "south turn" banking was extended from 12 ft to 26 ft. The installation of lights for the 1953 Southern 500 was also considered; however, the proposal was rejected due to impracticality and a lack of fan support. The following year, the venue added 6,000 grandstand seats, increasing the grandstand capacity to 16,000 according to Colvin. A new 13,200-seat grandstand located on the backstretch to increase grandstand capacity to 29,200 was announced in 1955; by the time it was completed in 1956, the grandstand was expanded to include 14,500 seats. Another 3,300-seat grandstand named after Confederate Army general Robert E. Lee was erected in 1963 on the track's then-fourth turn. In 1965, the track was completely repaved for the first time.

Numerous drivers died at Darlington in its early years. The first, Robert Burns, died after crashing in a November 1950 motorcycle race. Two years later, Rex Stansell crashed during a modified and sportsman race and died of a head injury. In 1954, Bob Scott broke his neck and died after crashing during a 200 mi race. In the 1957 Southern 500, Bobby Myers was killed when his car hit the standstill car of Fonty Flock and flipped several times; he died of a broken neck and "a crushed chest and massive hemorrhaging," according to the Florence Morning News. In the 1960 Southern 500, the track experienced its deadliest incident, when Bobby Johns' car crashed and flipped on the track's backstretch pit road, killing three people: NASCAR official Joe Brown Taylor alongside Paul McDuffie and Charles Ernest Sweatland, both members of Joe Lee Johnson's pit crew. In the 1965 Southern 500, Buren Skeen died of "head and abdominal injuries" related to a crash when Reb Wickersham's car slammed into the driver's side of Skeen's car.

Colvin's segregationist policies and Confederacy support

Colvin was also known for implementing racially segregated policies at the venue during his tenure: grandstand seating remained all-white, with Colvin refusing to allow any black spectators into the grandstands and instead either offering refunds or a ticket to the track's infield if a black spectator was caught having a grandstand ticket, according to a 1960 Morning News report. He also refused to let any black driver to race at the circuit for most of his tenure; early black NASCAR driver Wendell Scott was barred from racing at the track for most of his career.

After Colvin let Scott race in the 1965 Rebel 300, the driver asked the course owner for him for travel money that the white drivers received. Colvin told Scott, "Nigger, you better git yo' ass back up that road [sic]."

According to the track's then-official photographer Tom Kirkland, Colvin said that if he saw any black driver win at the track, they would "never make it to victory lane", with Kirkland adding, "he was just a complete racist". Under Colvin's tenure, the track's marquee events, the Southern 500 and Rebel 400, were openly promoted as celebrations of the Confederacy.

Slow Wallace years

On January 24, 1967, Colvin died after suffering a heart attack in his home. Barney Wallace was elected the track's general manager six days later, and about four months after that, was elected to replace Colvin as president. Wallace was slow to upgrade and maintain the facility. NASCAR writer Steve Waid described Wallace as a "totally colorless man...He didn’t care to spend a dime unless it was absolutely necessary". In 1969, then-turns three and four were reconfigured from 15° to 25° and widened to 31 ft. Within the year, upgrades were also made to the facility's press box alongside the installation of a new concrete wall in then-turns one and two. Four years later, a $100,000 (adjusted for inflaton, $) renovation of the track's garage area was announced. In 1975, the track was fully enclosed with a concrete wall. Another complete repave of the track was ordered and completed three years later. In 1982, the then-frontstretch grandstand was renamed to the Colvin Grandstand in honor of Bob Colvin. The following year, 2,157 seats were added to the venue.

ISC purchase

In March 1982, Darlington Raceway was reported to have been suffering "significant revenue losses" according to The News & Observer. The following month, United Press International released rumors of offers of a potential sale, including from California businessman Warner W. Hodgdon and motorsports businessman Harry Ranier. On June 11, 1982, a sale to the France family-owned International Speedway Corporation (ISC) was announced, with the company offering to buy out control at $70 a share. The sale was approved on the 28th by the track's board of directors, with Wallace remaining as president. Wallace's tenure under ISC was short; he died on May 10, 1983, due to cancer. 20 days later, vice president Walter "Red" Tyler was selected to replace Wallace as president of Darlington Raceway. In 1985, the inside retaining pit wall on the then-frontstretch was demolished and replaced with a newer, longer pit wall by 712 ft. Four years later, Tyler was replaced by Woodrow "Woody" McKay as president.

In 1990, a major multi-year renovation project commenced. Within the first year, a new garage area was constructed alongside the demolition of the old then-backstretch box seats. However, the project was heavily delayed starting in 1991 due to economic issues. The following year, NASCAR's president for administration and marketing, Jim Hunter, was selected to replace McKay as president starting in 1993. In 1994, the project continued with the new 8,000-seat Tyler Tower named in honor of Red Tyler being erected above the then-backstretch Wallace Grandstand, with future plans being made to expand the tower. The following year, the track was completely repaved alongside the venue adding 5,000 seats. In 1997, the start-finish line was "flip-flopped" from the frontstretch to the backstretch, in the process swapping the turn numbers; turns one and two became turns three and four, and vice versa. An additional 7,700-seat grandstand was constructed within the year, alongside upgrades to the venue's victory lane and a new media center. In 1999, the frontstretch pit road was extended by seven pit boxes, in the process removing the backstretch pit road, condensing from two pit roads to one singular pit road.

Ferko lawsuit, rescheduling of Southern 500

Post-Ferko lawsuit, return of traditional Southern 500, capacity decline

In 2006, the old Brasington Grandstand in turn two was demolished and replaced with a new 6,300-seat grandstand that remained under Brasington's name, in the process adding approximately 3,000 seats at a recorded capacity of 62,000. The following year, ISC approved a $10 million renovation project aimed at repaving the track, the addition of an infield tunnel, and other upgrades. The complete repaving of the track and the addition of the tunnel were completed in time for the 2008 Dodge Challenger 500. In April 2013, Wile stated potential plans to widen seats, in the process reducing capacity under 60,000; by 2018, the track's listed capacity was stated to be 58,000. Four months later, Browning resigned as president of the track, with Motor Racing Network director of business development Chip Wile assigned as Browning's replacement. In 2015, the track added approximately 4,600 ft of SAFER barriers in response to Kyle Busch's injury at Daytona International Speedway.

The Southern 500 returned to its traditional Labor Day weekend date in 2015. Wile was transferred to become the president of Daytona International Speedway in June 2016, with NASCAR senior director of operations Kerry Tharp replacing Wile. In February 2018, a $7 million renovation project aimed at renovating the track's Tyler, Wallace, and Colvin grandstands; the project was completed by August 2018, in the process reducing capacity to 47,000. In 2019, ownership of the track was changed to NASCAR after the sanctioning body bought out ISC. In June 2023, Tharp announced his retirement at the end of the 2023 NASCAR season, with the track's vice president of business operations Josh Harris succeeding Tharp.

Events

NASCAR

Darlington Raceway hosts two annual NASCAR weekends: the Southern 500 weekend and the Goodyear 400 weekend. The Southern 500, introduced in 1950, is considered a "Crown Jewel" race on the NASCAR schedule and was traditionally held as a standalone event on Labor Day. In 1957, a second Cup Series race, the Goodyear 400, was added, and the track hosted two events annually until 2004. In 2005, the Southern 500 replaced the Goodyear 400 on the schedule due to the result of the Ferko lawsuit. The Southern 500 was moved twice—first to April in 2014, before returning to its traditional Labor Day weekend slot in 2015. The Goodyear 400 was reinstated on the Cup Series schedule in 2021.

Starting in 1982, the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series race was introduced to Darlington Raceway with the Sport Clips Haircuts VFW 200, and in 1983 a second date was added with the Darlington 200. In 2005, the second date was removed due to the Ferko lawsuit, but then re-added in 2021 and removed again in 2025, but then re-added in 2026. In 2001, a NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series race was introduced the Buckle Up South Carolina 200.

Other racing events

• In 1950, 1951, and 1954, Darlington Raceway held races for the AAA Championship Car Series. After the series became sanctioned by USAC, Darlington held one final race in 1956.
• From 1993 to 1995, Darlington Raceway hosted an annual International Race of Champions (IROC) event.
• In 2007, Darlington Raceway held a one-off USAC Silver Crown Series event.

Lap records

As of May 2021, the fastest official race lap records at Darlington Raceway are listed as:

References

Book sources

References

1. Brooks, Amanda. (August 28, 2024). "Statistical Advance: Analyzing the Cook Out Southern 500".
2. Bernstein, Viv. (May 8, 2005). "Old Backwater". [[The New York Times]].
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4. (September 4, 1998). "Darlington: A NASCAR Tradition". [[The State (newspaper).
5. Bezjak, Lou. (May 7, 2021). "Darlington Raceway green-lights full capacity for September race".
6. Laney, Randy. (September 3, 1979). "Brasington Baked 'Dream' Until It Was Done". [[The State (newspaper).
7. Purvis, Phil. (April 15, 1984). "Starting From Scratch, He Made Darlington What It Is Today". [[Florence Morning News]].
8. Owens, Jeff. (September 6, 1992). "It all started as just a little dream". [[Florence Morning News]].
9. (May 25, 1950). "Work On Darlington Race Track Progresses Rapidly". [[Columbia Record]].
10. Myers, Bob. (August 27, 1974). "The Dawn Of Darlington". [[The Charlotte News]].
11. McLaurin, Jim. (March 26, 1989). "Darlington Raceway allowed Brasington to live a life's dream". [[The State (newspaper).
12. Purvis, Phil. (August 28, 1983). "Blame It On The Minnows". [[Florence Morning News]].
13. Arnold, Rubye. (February 16, 1950). "Million-Dollar Raceway Now Under Construction". [[The Charlotte News]].
14. (April 12, 1950). "Raceway Stand At Darlington To Be Erected". [[Columbia Record]].
15. (May 10, 1950). "Darlington Track To Be Completed Around August 1". [[The State (newspaper).
16. (June 8, 1950). "Surfacing to Start July 1 On Darlington Raceway Oval". [[The State (newspaper).
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18. Spencer, Frank. (August 8, 1950). "Carolina Makes Bid for Place in Racing Sun". [[Winston-Salem Journal]].
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21. Pedersen, Pete. (September 5, 1950). "Mantz Romps to Win In Darlington '500'". [[The State (newspaper).
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30. Myers, Bob. (March 13, 1954). "Darlington Oval Adds 6,000 Seats". [[The Item]].
31. (November 9, 1955). "Raceway Track To Be Expanded At Darlington". [[Florence Morning News]].
32. Catlin, Russ. (September 3, 1956). "Grit, Luck, Saga of Raceway". [[Florence Morning News]].
33. Ausband, Jerry. (August 24, 1963). "Officials Keep Adding Attractions". [[The State (newspaper).
34. (March 11, 1965). "Contract Let For Darlington Oval Repaving". [[Florence Morning News]].
35. Weirich, Bob. (July 5, 1952). "Curtis Turner Wins NASCAR Championship at Darlington". [[Florence Morning News]].
36. Howle, Jimmie. (July 6, 1954). "Ayulo Wins 200-Miler on Darlington Raceway". [[Florence Morning News]].
37. (September 3, 1957). "Myers, Who Laughed About Death, Is Finally Claimed". [[The State (newspaper).
38. Walker, Jimmy. (September 3, 1957). "'Hard Luck' Racer Plows Full Throttle into Death". [[Florence Morning News]].
39. Latham, Herald. (September 6, 1960). "Grim Reaper Claims Six Casualties at Darlington". [[Florence Morning News]].
40. Lord, Lewis. (September 7, 1965). "Southern 500 Classic Won By Jarrett In Ford". [[Statesville Record & Landmark]].
41. (September 14, 1965). "Stock Car Pilot Buren Skeen Dies". [[Florence Morning News]].
42. (March 27, 1960). "Colvin Denies 'Southern 500' Is Integrated". [[Florence Morning News]].
43. Hellen, Earle. (May 8, 1965). "Scott First Negro Driver To Compete At Darlington". [[The Greensboro Record]].
44. {{harvp. Donovan. 2008
45. {{harvp. Donovan. 2008
46. Myers, Bob. (January 27, 1967). "Robert E. (Bob) Colvin". [[The Charlotte News]].
47. Hunter, Jim. (January 24, 1967). "Darlington's Bob Colvin Dies At 46". [[Columbia Record]].
48. (April 4, 1967). "Darlington Names New President". [[The State (newspaper).
49. Littlejohn, Jim. (January 31, 1967). "Wallace, Catlin Named to Posts". [[Florence Morning News]].
50. Waid, Steve. (September 1, 2020). "Waid's World: Once It Was 'Crusty,' But Now Darlington is Handsome & Healthy".
51. Higgins, Tom. (January 8, 1969). "Famed 'Corners' At Darlington To Be Extended". [[The Charlotte Observer]].
52. Williams, DeVere. (February 2, 1969). "Speed Is Snailpaced at Darlington But Purse Largest Ever – $200,000". [[Florence Morning News]].
53. (December 19, 1969). "New Wall To Be Erected At Darlington Raceway". [[The Stanly News and Press]].
54. (March 20, 1973). "$100,000 Garage Area Face Lifting Underway". [[The Stanly News and Press]].
55. (March 27, 1975). "Track Work Done For Rebel 500". [[The Press and Standard]].
56. (May 14, 1978). "Darlington Raceway gets facelift". [[The News & Observer]].
57. Purvis, Phil. (December 15, 1982). "Darlington's Grandstand A Belongs to Bob Colvin". [[Florence Morning News]].
58. (February 11, 1983). "Darlington Track Gets 'Facelift'". [[The State (newspaper).
59. (March 29, 1982). "GN drivers clamor for rules that would affect race days". [[The News & Observer]].
60. (April 7, 1982). "Darlington raceway for sale?". [[The Columbia Record]].
61. Meacham, Jody. (June 11, 1982). "France family purchases Darlington". [[The Charlotte News]].
62. Purvis, Phil. (June 29, 1982). "ISC To Buy Darlington Raceway". [[Florence Morning News]].
63. Cole, Bob. (May 11, 1983). "Stock Car Pioneer, Darlington President Wallace Succumbs". [[The State (newspaper).
64. Purvis, Phil. (May 31, 1983). "Tyler Named President Of Darlington Raceway". [[Florence Morning News]].
65. (January 10, 1985). "Old Wall Being Replaced". [[Florence Morning News]].
66. (April 16, 1989). "McKay, Kiser get new positions". [[Florence Morning News]].
67. Higgins, Tom. (March 27, 1990). "Grand Old Darlington Track Gets A Face Lift". [[The Charlotte Observer]].
68. Higgins, Tom. (August 27, 1991). "'Must-win' Southern 500 delayed a year". [[The Charlotte Observer]].
69. Higgins, Tom. (September 4, 1992). "Hunter named Darlington president". [[The Charlotte Observer]].
70. Seltz, Denny. (October 19, 1993). "Getting a much-needed face lift". [[Florence Morning News]].
71. Higgins, Tom. (March 16, 1994). "Darlington's renovation to debut at spring races". [[The Charlotte Observer]].
72. McLaurin, Jim. (September 13, 1994). "Darlington getting black on track". [[The State (newspaper).
73. McLaurin, Jim. (January 26, 1995). "Rudd's nearly tireless in praise of repaved track". [[The State (newspaper).
74. McLaurin, Jim. (March 9, 1995). "Hunter accustomed to acting as stand-in". [[The State (newspaper).
75. McLaurin, Jim. (October 23, 1996). "Raceway flipping the switch". [[The State (newspaper).
76. Iacobelli, Pete. (August 17, 1997). "Darlington switches start-finish line". [[The State (newspaper).
77. McLaurin, Jim. (March 21, 1997). "Officials steeling for track makeover". [[The State (newspaper).
78. Miller, Henry. (November 19, 1999). "No more backstretch pits at Darlington". [[Florence Morning News]].
79. McLaurin, Jim. (March 21, 2001). "Daytona executive Gurtis named Darlington president". [[The State (newspaper).
80. McLaurin, Jim. (August 7, 2003). "Darlington plans to add lights". [[The State (newspaper).
81. Newton, David. (February 25, 2004). "Darlington track installing SAFER barriers for March 21 race". [[The State (newspaper).
82. Spear, Bob. (March 11, 2004). "Tomorrow, yesterday collide at Darlington". [[The State (newspaper).
83. Spear, Bob. (August 25, 2004). "Drivers, large crowd offer positive reviews". [[The State (newspaper).
84. Wilson, Jeff. (May 15, 2004). "The case is over; now for the ripple effects". [[Fort Worth Star-Telegram]].
85. Newton, David. (May 20, 2004). "Darlington names new president". [[The State (newspaper).
86. Bezjak, Lou. (September 23, 2005). "Lady in Black expanding". [[Florence Morning News]].
87. Bezjak, Lou. (April 6, 2006). "Makeover for the Lady". [[Florence Morning News]].
88. McLaurin, Jim. (April 6, 2007). "$10 million to steer track into fast lane". [[The State (newspaper).
89. Bezjak, Lou. (March 6, 2008). "Resurfaced track ready for first test". [[Florence Morning News]].
90. Bezjak, Lou. (April 10, 2013). "Darlington Raceway looks into wider seats". [[Florence Morning News]].
91. Hembree, Mike. (January 31, 2018). "Darlington Raceway announces $7 million in upgrades to 68-year-old track".
92. Bezjak, Lou. (August 24, 2013). "New president wants to focus on fan experience". [[Florence Morning News]].
93. Bezjak, Lou. (September 5, 2015). "Darlington SAFER than most". [[The State (newspaper).
94. Hembree, Mike. (September 2, 2015). "NASCAR restores beloved tradition with Darlington's move back to Labor Day".
95. Chancey, Scott. (June 30, 2016). "Tharp thrilled to be 'home' at Darlington". [[Florence Morning News]].
96. Chancey, Scott. (February 1, 2018). "Track making $7M in improvements". [[Florence Morning News]].
97. Page, Scott. (January 26, 2019). "International Speedway Corporation continues to reduce track seating".
98. Weaver, Matt. (18 October 2019). "What NASCAR's $2 billion ISC merger means in the short term".
99. Iacobelli, Pete. (15 June 2023). "Darlington Raceway president Kerry Tharp retiring at end of season".
100. Iacobelli, Pete. (2 September 2023). "NASCAR exec Josh Harris to take over as Darlington president from the retiring Kerry Tharp".
101. Pritt, Ryan. (23 July 2024). "NASCAR crown jewel races, who has the career grand slam and who demoted Talladega? Blame Carson Hocevar!".
102. Higgins, Tom. (5 September 1983). "Race Tradition To End Today?". [[The Charlotte Observer]].
103. Martin, Harold. (3 September 1984). "Gant wins grueling Southern 500". [[The State (newspaper).
104. Shnoper, Harvey. (13 May 1957). "Fireball Roberts Takes Initial Rebel 300". [[Florence Morning News]].
105. Haselden, Mark A.. (14 June 2003). "Southern 500 remains in Darlington, date changes". [[Florence Morning News]].
106. Iacobelli, Pete. (11 October 2013). "Darlington will be run a month before Mother's Day".
107. (2 May 2024). "New Darlington Raceway president talks Throwback Weekend, Goodyear 400".
108. Long, Dustin. (30 September 2020). "Darlington Raceway gets second Cup race for 2021".
109. Stumpf, Stephen. (29 August 2024). "4 Burning Questions: Reviewing NASCAR's 2025 Schedules".
110. Long, Dustin. (29 August 2024). "NASCAR releases 2025 Cup, Xfinity, Truck schedules".
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112. McLaurin, Jim. (March 28, 1993). "Allison whips Darlington IROC field". [[The State (newspaper).
113. Higgins, Tom. (January 17, 1996). "IROC set to roll into CMS for '96". [[The Charlotte Observer]].
114. Bezjak, Lou. (May 11, 2007). "Pierce's plan works". [[Florence Morning News]].
115. Iacobelli, Pete. (April 9, 2008). "Trucks test repaved surface". [[Florence Morning News]].
116. "Darlington - Motor Sport Magazine".
117. (2 September 2018). "NASCAR Cup 2018 Darlington - Race Fastest Laps".
118. (31 August 2019). "NASCAR Xfinity 2019 Darlington - Race Fastest Laps".
119. (7 May 2021). "NASCAR Truck 2021 Darlington - Race Fastest Laps".