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County Carlow (UK Parliament constituency)
UK parliamentary constituency in Ireland, 1801–1922
UK parliamentary constituency in Ireland, 1801–1922
| Field | Value | |
|---|---|---|
| name | County Carlow | |
| type | county | |
| region | Ireland | |
| county | County Carlow | |
| parliament | uk | |
| image | [[File:Carlow_1918_UK_Irish_constituency_.png | 200px]] |
| year | 1801 | |
| abolished | 1922 | |
| seats | ||
| previous | County Carlow | |
| next | Carlow–Kilkenny |
County Carlow was a parliamentary constituency in Ireland, which from 1801 to 1885 returned two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, and one MP from 1885 to 1922.
History and representation
County Carlow had been represented by two seats in the Irish House of Commons. Under the Acts of Union 1800, it continued to be represented by two MPs, now in the United Kingdom House of Commons. It comprised the whole of County Carlow, except for the borough of Carlow, which was separately represented from 1801 to 1885. The borough of Old Leighlin was disfranchised under the Acts of Union 1800.
Under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, the borough of Carlow was disfranchised and the county was reduced to one seat. It was the only Irish county not divided for electoral purposes in the 1885 redistribution. It was thus the only Irish county constituency to exist at every general election from the union with Great Britain to the establishment of the Irish Free State.
It was not affected by the Redistribution of Seats (Ireland) Act 1918. The 1918 general election was used by Sinn Féin as the first election to Dáil Éireann. James Lennon sat as a member of the First Dáil, abstaining from Westminster.
Under the Government of Ireland Act 1920, it was combined with the constituencies of North Kilkenny and South Kilkenny to form Carlow–Kilkenny as a 4-seat constituency for the Southern Ireland House of Commons and a one-seat constituency at Westminster. At the 1921 election for the Southern Ireland House of Commons, the four seats were won uncontested by Sinn Féin, who treated it as part of the election to the Second Dáil. James Lennon was one of the four TDs elected for Carlow–Kilkenny. It was never used as a Westminster constituency; under the Irish Free State (Agreement) Act 1922, no writ was to be issued "for a constituency in Ireland other than a constituency in Northern Ireland". Therefore, following a dissolution on 26 October 1922, no vote was held in Carlow–Kilkenny at the 1922 United Kingdom general election on 15 November 1922. The Irish Free State left the United Kingdom on 6 December 1922.
Members of Parliament
Notable MPs for County Carlow included Nicholas Aylward Vigors, a zoologist, John Ball, a naturalist and Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies, Arthur MacMurrough Kavanagh, and James Patrick Mahon.
MPs 1801–1885
| Election | 1st Member | 1st Party | 2nd Member | 2nd Party | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1801 | William Henry Burton | |||||
| Jul. 1802 | Whigs (British political party)}}" | David Latouche | Whig | Whigs (British political party)}}" | ||
| Oct. 1812 | Tories (British political party)}}" | Henry Bruen | Tory | |||
| 18 Apr 1816 | Whigs (British political party)}}" | Robert Anthony Latouche | Whig | |||
| Jun 1818 | Tories (British political party)}}" | Sir Ulysses Burgh | Tory | |||
| Jun 1826 | Tories (British political party)}}" | Thomas Kavanagh | Tory | |||
| May 1831 | Whigs (British political party)}}" | Walter Blackney | Whig | Whigs (British political party)}}" | ||
| Dec 1832 | Repeal Association}}" | Repeal Association | Whigs (British political party)}}" | Thomas Wallace | ||
| Jan. 1835 | Conservative Party (UK)}}" | Henry Bruen | Conservative | Conservative Party (UK)}}" | ||
| 15 Jun 1835 | Repeal Association}}" | Nicholas Aylward Vigors | Repeal Association | Whigs (British political party)}}" | ||
| 19 Aug 1835 | Conservative Party (UK)}}" | Henry Bruen | Conservative | Conservative Party (UK)}}" | ||
| 18 Feb 1837 | Whigs (British political party)}}" | Nicholas Aylward Vigors | Whig | |||
| Aug 1837 | Whigs (British political party)}}" | John Ashton Yates | Whig | |||
| 5 Dec 1840 | Conservative Party (UK)}}" | Henry Bruen | Conservative | |||
| Jul 1841 | Conservative Party (UK)}}" | Thomas Bunbury | Conservative | |||
| 1 Jul 1846 | Conservative Party (UK)}}" | William McClintock-Bunbury | Conservative | |||
| Jul 1852 | Independent Irish Party}}" | John Ball | Independent Irish Party | |||
| 25 Apr 1853 | Conservative Party (UK)}}" | William McClintock-Bunbury | Conservative | |||
| Apr 1857 | Conservative Party (UK)}}" | Henry Bruen (younger) | Conservative | |||
| 7 Aug 1862 | Conservative Party (UK)}}" | Denis Pack-Beresford | Conservative | |||
| Nov 1868 | Conservative Party (UK)}}" | Arthur MacMurrough Kavanagh | Conservative | |||
| Apr 1880 | Home Rule League}}" | Edmund Dwyer Gray | Home Rule League | Home Rule League}}" | ||
| 1885 | representation reduced to one member |
;Notes
MPs 1885–1922
| From | To | Name | Party | Died | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1885 | 1886 | Edmund Dwyer Gray | Irish Parliamentary Party}}" | Nationalist | |
| 1886 | 1887 | John Aloysius Blake | Irish Parliamentary Party}}" | Nationalist | |
| 1887 | 1891 | James Patrick Mahon | Irish Parliamentary Party}}" | Nationalist | |
| 1891 | 1892 | John Hammond | Irish Parliamentary Party}}" | Nationalist | |
| 1892 | 1900 | Irish National Federation}}" | Irish National Federation | ||
| 1900 | 1908 | Irish Parliamentary Party}}" | Nationalist | ||
| 1908 | 1910 | Walter MacMurrough Kavanagh | Irish Parliamentary Party}}" | Nationalist | |
| 1910 | 1918 | Michael Molloy | Irish Parliamentary Party}}" | Nationalist | |
| 1918 | 1922 | James Lennon | Sinn Féin}}" | Sinn Féin |
Elections
Elections in the 1830s
|reg. electors = 530
|reg. electors = 530
|reg. electors = 1,246
|reg. electors = 1,269
On petition, Bruen and Kavanagh were unseated and a by-election was called.
|reg. electors = 1,269
After a further petition, the poll was amended and 105 votes for Vigors and Raphael were struck off. Kavanagh and Bruen were declared elected.
Kavanagh's death caused a by-election.
|reg. electors = 1,718
|reg. electors = 1,779
Elections in the 1840s
Vigors' death caused a by-election.
|reg. electors = 1,759
|reg. electors = 1,759
Bunbury's death caused a by-election.
|reg. electors = 1,984
Elections in the 1850s
|reg. electors = 2,090
Bruen's death caused a by-election.
|reg. electors = 2,039
|reg. electors = 2,381
|reg. electors = 2,418
Elections in the 1860s
McClintock Bunbury resigned, causing a by-election.
|reg. electors = 2,520
|reg. electors = 2,449
|reg. electors = 2,309
Elections in the 1870s
|reg. electors = 2,180
Elections in the 1880s
|reg. electors = 2,212
|reg. electors = 6,891
- Gray elects to sit for Dublin St Stephen's Green
|reg. electors = 6,891
|reg. electors = 6,891
- Death of Blake
|reg. electors = 7,643
Elections in the 1890s
- Death of the O’Gorman Mahon
|reg. electors = 7,016
|reg. electors = 6,874
|reg. electors = 6,168
Elections in the 1900s
|reg. electors = 6,454
|reg. electors = 5,831
Hammond's death causes a by-election.
|reg. electors = 5,881
Elections in the 1910s
|reg. electors = 5,905
|reg. electors = 5,905
|reg. electors = 16,133
References
Citations
Sources
- The Parliaments of England by Henry Stooks Smith (1st edition published in three volumes 1844–50), 2nd edition edited (in one volume) by F.W.S. Craig (Political Reference Publications 1973)
References
- "The public general acts". Proprietors of the Law Journal Reports.
- "Government of Ireland Act 1920: Fifth Schedule". [[The National Archives (United Kingdom).
- "Irish Free State (Agreement) Act 1922 (12 & 13 Geo. 5, c. 4), s. 1(4)".
- Smith, Henry Stooks. (1842). "The Register of Parliamentary Contested Elections". Simpkin, Marshall & Company.
- (25 February 1837). "Leicester Chronicle".
- Salmon, Philip. "Co. Carlow".
- (1978). "Parliamentary Election Results in Ireland, 1801-1922". Royal Irish Academy.
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