Coos County, Oregon

History

Coos Bay is the homeland of two bands of Native people, Miluk and Hanis. Both today are often referred to as "Coos". Lewis and Clark noted Cook-koo-oose for Coos Bay people. The origin of the name "Coos" is probably influenced both by the Lewis and Clark reference and the name for the region in the Hanis and Miluk languages, kuukwis. Early maps and documents spelled it Kowes, Cowes, Coose, Koos, among others.

Although exploration and trapping in the area occurred as early as 1828, the first European-American settlement was established at Empire City in 1853 by members of the Coos Bay Company; this is now part of the city of Coos Bay.

Coos County was created by the Territorial Legislature from parts of Umpqua, and Jackson counties on December 22, 1853. Curry County, Oregon, was created from the southern part in 1855. The county seat was originally at Empire City. In 1895 the legislature permitted the citizens of the county to choose a new county seat. The 1896 vote resulted in moving the seat to Coquille.

The Territorial Legislature granted permission for the development of wagon roads from Coos Bay to Jacksonville, Oregon, in 1854, and to Roseburg, Oregon, in 1857.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1806 sqmi, of which 1596 sqmi is land and 210 sqmi (12%) is water.

Adjacent counties

• Douglas County - north and east
• Curry County - south

National protected areas

• Bandon Marsh National Wildlife Refuge
• Oregon Islands National Wildlife Refuge (part)
• Siskiyou National Forest (part)
• Siuslaw National Forest (part)

Demographics

|align-fn=center 1790–1960 1900–1990 1990–2000 2010–2020

2020 census

As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 64,929. The median age was 49.1 years. 17.8% of residents were under the age of 18 and 27.3% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 98.2 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 97.2 males age 18 and over. 61.9% of residents lived in urban areas, while 38.1% lived in rural areas.

The racial makeup of the county was 84.6% White, 0.4% Black or African American, 2.3% American Indian and Alaska Native, 1.2% Asian, 0.2% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, 2.4% from some other race, and 8.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race comprised 6.6% of the population.

There were 27,662 households in the county, of which 22.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them and 26.7% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. About 31.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 16.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

There were 31,378 housing units, of which 11.8% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 66.4% were owner-occupied and 33.6% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.7% and the rental vacancy rate was 5.0%.

2010 census

As of the 2010 census, there were 63,043 people, 27,133 households, and 16,857 families living in the county.{{cite web |access-date=February 23, 2016 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213032242/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0500000US41011 |archive-date=February 13, 2020 |url-status=dead |access-date=February 23, 2016 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213183423/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/GCTPH1.CY07/0500000US41011 |archive-date=February 13, 2020 |url-status=dead

Of the 27,133 households, 24.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.2% were married couples living together, 10.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 37.9% were non-families, and 29.8% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.78. The median age was 47.3 years.

The median income for a household in the county was $37,491 and the median income for a family was $46,569. Males had a median income of $39,744 versus $28,328 for females. The per capita income for the county was $21,981. About 11.5% of families and 16.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.4% of those under age 18 and 8.1% of those age 65 or over.{{cite web |access-date=February 23, 2016 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213025026/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP03/0500000US41011 |archive-date=February 13, 2020 |url-status=dead

2000 census

As of the 2000 census, there were 62,779 people, 26,213 households, and 17,457 families living in the county. The population density was 39 /mi2. There were 29,247 housing units at an average density of 18 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 91.97% White, 0.31% Black or African American, 2.41% Native American, 0.90% Asian, 0.17% Pacific Islander, 1.06% from other races, and 3.17% from two or more races. 3.40% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 18.5% were of German, 12.4% English, 11.3% Irish and 10.7% U.S. or American ancestry. 96.0% spoke English and 2.5% Spanish as their first language.

There were 26,213 households, out of which 26.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.90% were married couples living together, 9.90% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.40% were non-families. 27.20% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.80.

In the county, the population dispersal was 21.90% under the age of 18, 7.10% from 18 to 24, 24.00% from 25 to 44, 27.80% from 45 to 64, and 19.10% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females there were 96.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.90 males. The median income for a household in the county was $31,542, and the median income for a family was $38,040. Males had a median income of $32,509 versus $22,519 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,547. About 11.10% of families and 15.00% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.90% of those under age 18 and 9.40% of those age 65 or over.

Communities

Cities

• Bandon
• Coos Bay
• Coquille (county seat)
• Lakeside
• Myrtle Point
• North Bend
• Powers

Census-designated places

• Barview
• Bunker Hill
• Glasgow
• Saunders Lake

Other unincorporated communities

• Allegany
• Arago
• Beaver Hill
• Bridge
• Broadbent
• Charleston
• Cooston
• Dellwood
• Dora
• Fairview
• Gaylord
• Gravelford
• Green Acres
• Hauser
• Laurel Grove
• Leneve
• Libby
• McKinley
• Millington
• Norway
• Prosper
• Randolph
• Remote
• Riverton
• Sitkum
• Sumner
• Tenmile

Politics

Between the New Deal and Bill Clinton, Coos County strongly favored the Democratic Party. It was one of the few counties in the West to be won by George McGovern in the 1972 presidential election. No Republican presidential candidate obtained a majority in the county between 1956 and 1996, although Ronald Reagan did obtain pluralities in both 1980 and – very narrowly – in 1984. Since the turn of the century it has become a strongly Republican county in Presidential elections as a result of various factors including de-unionization in the timber industry and opposition to environmental policies often championed by Democrats. The last Democrat to win a majority in Coos County was Michael Dukakis in 1988, although Bill Clinton won pluralities in both his elections. Barack Obama, in both of his presidential campaigns, was the most recent Democrat to even break 40 percent of the vote in Coos County.

In the United States House of Representatives, Coos County in located in Oregon's 4th congressional district, which also includes the more left-leaning Eugene metropolitan area and has been represented by Democrat Val Hoyle since 2023. In the Oregon State Senate, the county is split between the 5th District, represented by Republican Dick Anderson, and the 1st District, represented by Republican David Brock Smith. In the Oregon House of Representatives, it is split between the 9th District, represented by Republican, Boomer Wright, and the 1st District, represented by Republican Court Boice. All legislative seats, as of 2021, are held by Republicans in the Oregon Legislative Assembly.

Economy

Deposits of gold initially attracted people to the county in the nineteenth century. Between 1890 and 1910, large amounts of coal were mined in the county and shipped to California; production decreased after oil was discovered in that state, and no coal mines in the county have been in production since 1950. These coal fields have been explored for natural gas since 1938, although CDX Gas, a company based in Texas announced in 2003 that they would be drilling two test wells later that year.

A project to build a 60 mi natural gas pipeline between the cities of Roseburg and Coos Bay, which would attract new industry to the Coos Bay area, was begun in 1999 when voters approved a local bond measure to raise as much as $27 million, with the state of Oregon providing $24 million. The pipeline construction began in June 2003 and was finished in 2004.

Currently, forest products, tourism, fishing and agriculture dominate the Coos County economy. The service industry is replacing the former lumber-driven economy. Bandon Dunes Golf Resort, north of Bandon and south of Coos Bay, attracts tourists and golfers from around the world. Boating, dairy farming, myrtlewood manufacturing, shipbuilding and repair and agriculture specialty products, including cranberries, also play an important role. Untapped rich deposits of iron ore and lead await development.

The Jordan Cove Energy Project is a project that was met with resistance since 2010 by farm owners and other land owners, tribal natives, and some commercial entities who did not want their land being used or taken without their permission, with eminent domain. The project was cancelled in late 2021.

A current project underway in Coos County, undertaken by Oregon Resources Corporation (ORC), uses modern strip-mining techniques to extract chromite, zircon, and garnet from local sands. The tailings after processing will be returned and re-contoured to replicate pre-mining conditions, and the affected area will be reforested. Job numbers are not listed on the company website but an annual payroll of $3.5 million is listed in the economic impact portion of the FAQ. The Oregon League of Women Voters cited similar numbers from ORC, wholly owned by Industrial Mineral Corporation of Australia; the operation was projected to create 70 to 80 jobs with a salary of $46,000 per year. Efforts to block the project because of health and environmental concerns did not succeed.

There are several port districts in the county: Port of Coos Bay founded in 1909, Port of Coquille River founded in 1912, and Port of Bandon founded in 1913. Coos Bay is considered the best natural harbor between San Francisco Bay and the Puget Sound, and the Port of Coos Bay was the largest forest products shipper in the world until late 2005 when raw log exports via transport ship were suspended.

Natural history

The tallest documented living specimen of a Douglas-fir tree in the world is found 35 mi southeast of Coos Bay in the Sitkum area and is slightly more than 100 m tall.

Notes

References

References

1. "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau.
2. "Find a County". National Association of Counties.
3. (May 13, 2020). "History - Confederated Tribes of Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians".
4. McArthur, Lewis. (1992). "Oregon geographic names". Oregon Historical Society Press.
5. shichils. (September 8, 2015). "“Place of Pines”: A case of mistaken identity?".
6. (August 22, 2012). "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau.
7. "County Population Totals and Components of Change: 2020-2024". United States Census Bureau.
8. "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau.
9. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library.
10. (March 27, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau.
11. (April 2, 2001). "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000". United States Census Bureau.
12. (2023). "2020 Decennial Census Demographic and Housing Characteristics (DHC)".
13. (2021). "2020 Decennial Census Demographic Profile (DP1)".
14. (2021). "2020 Decennial Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171)".
15. "1980 Census of Population - General Population Characteristics - Oregon - Table 58 - Persons by Race and Table 59 - Total Persons and Spanish Origin Persons by Type of Spanish Origin and Race (p. 39/24-39/32)".
16. "1990 Census of Population - General Population Characteristics - Oregon - Table 5 - Race and Hispanic Origin".
17. "P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Coos County, Oregon".
18. "P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Coos County, Oregon".
19. "P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Coos County, Oregon".
20. included in the Asian category in the 1980 Census
21. included in the Asian category in the 1990 Census
22. not an option in the 1980 Census
23. not an option in the 1990 Census
24. "DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". [[United States Census Bureau]].
25. Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections".
26. (2011). "About". Oregon Resources.
27. (2011). "FAQ". Oregon Resources.
28. (2012). "Coastal and Nearshore Oregon Study". League of Women Voters of Oregon.
29. [http://159.121.125.11/bigtrees/Champs/coastdfir.html Oregon Register of Big Trees] {{webarchive. link. (December 5, 2008)
30. link. (June 4, 2009 , GlobalTwitcher.com, ed. N. Stromberg)