From Surf Wiki (app.surf) — the open knowledge base

Chlorobutanol

|NFPA-H = 2 |NFPA-F = 1 |NFPA-R = 0

Chlorobutanol (trichloro-2-methyl-2-propanol) is an organic compound with the formula . It is a halohydrin‌specifically a chlorohydrin. Chlorobutanol acts as a preservative, sedative, hypnotic, and weak local anesthetic similar in nature to chloral hydrate; it also has antibacterial and antifungal properties. Chlorobutanol is typically used at a concentration of 0.5% where it lends long term stability to multi-ingredient formulations. However, it retains antimicrobial activity at 0.05% in water. Chlorobutanol has been used in the anesthesia and euthanasia of aquatic invertebrates and various fishes. It is a white, volatile solid with a camphor-like odor.

Synthesis

Chlorobutanol was first synthesized in 1881 by the German chemist Conrad Willgerodt (1841–1930).See:

Chlorobutanol is formed by the reaction of chloroform and acetone in the presence of potassium or sodium hydroxide. It may be purified by sublimation or recrystallisation.

Parthenogenesis

Chlorobutanol has proven effective at stimulating parthenogenesis in sea urchin eggs up to the pluteus stage, possibly by increasing irritability to cause stimulation. For the eggs of the fish Oryzias latipes, however, chlorobutanol only acted as an anesthetic.

Safety

It is an anesthetic agent with effects somewhat like isoflurane and halothane when ingested

Chlorobutanol is also toxic to the liver, skin and eyes.

References

(2001). "Effects of common ophthalmic preservatives on ocular health". Advances in Therapy.
W. N. McFarland & G. W. Klontz. (1969). "Anesthesia in fishes". [[Federation Proceedings]].
John E. Cooper. (2011). "Anesthesia, analgesia, and euthanasia of invertebrates". [[ILAR Journal]].
(September 1959). "Synthesis of Chlorobutanol". Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society.
[http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1111/j.1440-169X.1956.tb00062.x/asset/j.1440-169X.1956.tb00062.x.pdf?v=1&t=ie95071c&s=493f4ab23ad771e4d05dcc297f7bba0b3bcdebd0 ''Embryologia'' 1956]
Nicholas P. Franks. (2006). "Molecular targets underlying general anaesthesia". [[British Journal of Pharmacology]].
[https://web.archive.org/web/20131106022221/https://www.spectrumchemical.com/MSDS/C4046.PDF MSDS]

Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

hypnotics sedatives trichloromethyl-compounds tertiary-alcohols gabaa-receptor-positive-allosteric-modulators glycine-receptor-agonists halohydrins substances-discovered-in-the-19th-century

Want to explore this topic further?

Ask Mako anything about Chlorobutanol — get instant answers, deeper analysis, and related topics.

Research with Mako

Free with your Surf account

Content sourced from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This content may have been generated or modified by AI. CloudSurf Software LLC is not responsible for the accuracy, completeness, or reliability of AI-generated content. Always verify important information from primary sources.

Report