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Chief of defence
Commissioned officer of armed forces
Commissioned officer of armed forces

A chief of defence (or head of defence) is the highest ranked commissioned officer of a nation's armed forces. The acronym CHOD is in common use within NATO and the European Union as a generic term for the highest national military position within the NATO and EU member states, rather than the actual term used for individual positions. Thus, irrespective of the formal national designation of that position is some variation on Commander-in-Chief, Chief of Staff, Supreme Commander, or something else, they can all be referred to unambiguously as CHODs in NATO and EU terminology, although other terms are sometimes also seen within NATO. Thus, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff is the CHOD of the United States, the Chief of the Defence Staff is the CHOD of the United Kingdom, the Inspector General of the Bundeswehr is the CHOD of Germany, and the Chief of Defence (Forsvarssjefen) is the CHOD of Norway.
Both NATO and the EU occasionally hold CHODs meetings of the NATO Military Committee and the European Union Military Committee respectively.
Chief of defence positions in NATO member countries

| Country | Position | Alternative translations | Term in national language |
|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | |||
| Belgium | Chief of the General Staff | ||
| Bulgaria | |||
| Canada | |||
| Croatia | |||
| Czechia | |||
| Denmark | |||
| Estonia | |||
| Finland | |||
| France | |||
| Germany | Chief of Defence | ||
| Greece | |||
| Hungary | |||
| Iceland | |||
| Italy | |||
| Latvia | |||
| Lithuania | |||
| Luxembourg | Chief of Defence | ||
| Montenegro | Montenegrin: Начелник Генералштаба / Načelnik Generalštaba | ||
| Netherlands | |||
| North Macedonia | |||
| Norway | |||
| Poland | |||
| Portugal | |||
| Romania | Chief of the General Staff | ||
| Slovakia | |||
| Slovenia | |||
| Spain | |||
| Sweden | |||
| Turkey | Commander of the Armed Forces | ||
| United Kingdom | |||
| United States |
In 2018 Slovenia appointed the first female Major General Alenka Ermenc to hold such a position in the history of NATO and Slovenia.
CHOD positions by non-NATO EU country
Within the EU member states that are not members of NATO, the following national positions are the CHOD positions.
| Country | Position | Alternative translations | Term in national language used for the position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Austria | |||
| Cyprus | |||
| Ireland | |||
| Malta |
Other Chief of Defence positions by (non-NATO and non-EU) country
Note that in many countries outside of NATO and EU, the concept of civilian control of the military is inapplicable. In some countries the minister of defence is often a senior military officer. However, the list below only lists CHOD equivalents and not defense ministers.
| Country | Position | Alternative translations | Term in national language used for the position |
|---|---|---|---|
| Algeria | Chief of the Defence Staff | ||
| Argentina | |||
| Armenia | |||
| Australia | |||
| Azerbaijan | |||
| Bangladesh | |||
| Belarus | |||
| Botswana | |||
| Brazil | |||
| Chile | |||
| China | Chief of General Staff | ||
| Commanding General of the People's Liberation Army General Staff Department | |||
| Colombia | |||
| Ecuador | |||
| Ethiopia | |||
| Gambia | |||
| Georgia | თავდაცვის ძალების გენერალური შტაბის უფროსი | ||
| Ghana | |||
| Guatemala | |||
| India | |||
| Indonesia | |||
| Iran | |||
| Iraq | |||
| Israel | |||
| Jamaica | |||
| Japan | |||
| Kazakhstan | |||
| Kyrgyzstan | |||
| Malaysia | |||
| Moldova | |||
| Monaco | |||
| Myanmar | |||
| New Zealand | |||
| Nigeria | |||
| Nepal | |||
| North Korea | |||
| Pakistan | |||
| Peru | |||
| Philippines | |||
| Russia | |||
| San Marino | |||
| Serbia | |||
| Singapore | 三军总长 | ||
| Somalia | |||
| South Africa | |||
| South Korea | |||
| Switzerland | |||
| Syria | |||
| Taiwan | |||
| Tajikistan | |||
| Thailand | Commander of the Royal Thai Armed Forces Headquarters | ||
| Ukraine | |||
| Uruguay | |||
| Vatican | |||
| Vietnam | Chief of the General Staff of the People's Army of Vietnam |
Notes
References
References
- [http://www.nato.int/cv/chod/be/van-daele.htm NATO: Chief of the General Staff of Belgium], accessed on October 30, 2008
- [http://www.nato.int/cv/chod/bul/stoykov.htm NATO: Chief of General Staff of the Bulgarian Armed Forces], accessed on October 30, 2008
- [http://www.nato.int/cv/chod/cz/picek.htm NATO: Chief of the General Staff Armed Forces of the Czech Republic], accessed on October 30, 2008
- [http://www.mil.ee/en/defence-forces/commander Estonian Defence Forces: Commander], accessed on November 12, 2014
- (15 May 2018). "NATO: Chief of Defence – Germany".
- "The Chief of Defence". The German Government.
- [http://www.nato.int/cv/chod/gr/grapsas.htm NATO: Chief of the Hellenic National Defence General Staff], accessed on October 30, 2008
- [http://www.nato.int/cv/chod/hu/havril.htm NATO: Chief of Defence Staff Hungarian Army], accessed on October 30, 2008
- [https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/who_is_who_208009.htm NATO: Director General of the Directorate for Degfence], accessed on December 15, 2022
- Iceland presents a special case since the country does not have its own armed forces as such. Thus, a civilian at the Icelandic Ministry of Foreign Affairs fulfills the role of CHOD in relation to NATO.
- [http://www.nato.int/cv/chod/it/camporini.htm NATO: Chief of Defense Staff of Italy], accessed on October 30, 2008
- [http://www.nato.int/cv/chod/lat/maklakovs.htm NATO: Commander of the Latvian National Armed Forces], accessed on October 30, 2008
- [http://www.nato.int/cv/chod/lit/tutkus.html NATO: Chief of Defence of the Lithuanian Armed Forces], accessed on October 30, 2008
- [http://www.nato.int/cv/chod/lu/reinig-e.htm NATO: Chief of Staff of the Luxembourg Army], accessed on October 30, 2008
- "Chief of Defence | Ministry of Defence".
- [http://www.nato.int/cv/chod/pl/gagor.htm NATO: Chief of General Staff of the Polish Armed Forces], accessed on October 30, 2008
- [http://www.nato.int/cv/chod/po/pinto.htm NATO: Chief of Defence of Portugal], accessed on October 30, 2008
- [http://www.nato.int/cv/chod/ro/marin.htm NATO: Chief of Defence of Romania], accessed on October 30, 2008
- [http://www.nato.int/cv/chod/slk/bulik.htm NATO: Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic], accessed on October 30, 2008
- [http://www.nato.int/cv/chod/slv/gutman.htm NATO: Chief of General Staff of the Slovenian Armed Forces], accessed on October 30, 2008
- [http://www.nato.int/cv/chod/sp/rodriguez.htm NATO: Chief of Defence Staff of Spain], accessed on October 30, 2008
- [http://www.nato.int/cv/chod/tu/basbug.htm NATO: Commander of the Turkish Armed Forces], accessed on October 30, 2008
- (27 November 2018). "Nato state appoints first female head of armed forces". BBC News.
- (27 November 2018). "Slovenia Appoints First Female Army Chief".
- (29 November 2018). "Slovenia Appoints First Female Head of Armed Forces". Sentinelassam.com.
- "Website unavailable".
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