Chichester (UK Parliament constituency)

History

Chichester centres on the small medieval cathedral city by the South Downs National Park. It is one of the oldest constituencies in the UK, having been created when commoners were first called to the Model Parliament in 1295 as one of the original Parliamentary boroughs returning two members. The seat has sent one member since 1868, after the Reform Act 1867.

In its various forms, Chichester was a Conservative stronghold from 1868 to 2024 (except for a brief period of 10 months in 1923-24 when it was held by the Liberal Party's Charles Rudkin), but at the 2024 general election, it was won decisively by the Liberal Democrats on a huge swing of 31% with the election of Jess Brown-Fuller.

Boundaries

The seat forms a far western strip of West Sussex and covers the southern half of the Chichester district (including the City of Chichester and the coastal area).

Before the 1974 redistribution Chichester was a more compact seat, taking in the eastern towns of Arundel and Bognor Regis in latter years. Emergence of newer urban centres meant that the area was expanded to the north to avoid malapportionment.

1885–1918: The Municipal Borough of Chichester, the Sessional Divisions of Arundel and Chichester, and part of the Sessional Division of Steyning.

1918–1950: The Municipal Boroughs of Arundel and Chichester, the Urban Districts of Bognor and Littlehampton, and the Rural Districts of East Preston, Midhurst, Petworth, Westbourne, and Westhampnett.

1950–1974: The Municipal Borough of Chichester, the Urban District of Bognor Regis, and the Rural District of Chichester.

1974–1983: The Municipal Borough of Chichester, the Rural Districts of Midhurst and Petworth, and part of the Rural District of Chichester.

1983–1997: The District of Chichester. The constituency boundaries remained unchanged.

1997–2010: All the wards of the District of Chichester except the Bury, Plaistow and Wisborough Green wards.

2010–2024: The District of Chichester wards of Bosham, Boxgrove, Chichester East, Chichester North, Chichester South, Chichester West, Donnington, Easebourne, East Wittering, Fernhurst, Fishbourne, Funtington, Harting, Lavant, Midhurst, North Mundham, Plaistow, Rogate, Selsey North, Selsey South, Sidlesham, Southbourne, Stedham, Tangmere, West Wittering, and Westbourne.

2024–present: The District of Arun wards of Bersted and Pagham, and District of Chichester wards of Chichester Central, Chichester East, Chichester North, Chichester South, Chichester West, Goodwood (part), Harbour Villages, Lavant, North Mundham & Tangmere, Selsey South, Sidlesham with Selsey North, Southbourne, The Witterings, and Westbourne. :Electorate reduced to bring it within the permitted range by transferring northern, largely rural areas, including the town of Midhurst, to Arundel and South Downs. To partly compensate, Bersted and Pagham were transferred in from Bognor Regis and Littlehampton.

Constituency profile

Physical geography

The constituency runs from the county's border with Surrey, through a partly wooded broad swathe of the South Downs, to the town of Selsey and paired villages The Witterings on the English Channel. The small cathedral city Chichester and Selsey account for 6 of 24 wards but comprise a higher proportion of councillors as these are larger three-member wards. The highest density of villages is near the Hampshire border, in the west.

Social geography

The city has relatively little social housing and few homes which are cheap to buy or rent, as epitomised in the National Park status of much of the land north of Chichester. In Chichester itself the percentage of social housing in 2011 was 20.5%, including 3% directly in local authority homes. The area is linked to London by train and the A3. Modestly deprived areas of Chichester, Selsey and the rural South Downs are dominated by the working poor and poorer pensioners with little generational unemployment. The local economy has many entry-level or intensive manual jobs in food production, retail, driving, warehousing as well as intermittent or traditionally low paid labour such as road repair and the care sector. Some of these workers commute from the outskirts of nearest major cities Brighton and Portsmouth. The contributory districts occupy the top two rankings out of all seven in terms of fuel poverty in West Sussex.

Results

The seat was held by the Conservatives from 1924 to 2024 continuously; in 2017 the new Conservative candidate Gillian Keegan polled over 60% of the vote, a share which dropped slightly in 2019. The 2024 election saw the seat gained by the Liberal Democrat Jess Brown-Fuller who polled over 49%. The closest election before then was the 1997 general election, where a Liberal Democrat took 29.0% of the vote. The best performances by Labour candidates were in 2001 and 2017, with 21.4% and 22.4% of the vote, respectively. In terms of the fourth party since 2001, the three general elections to 2010 saw an increase in support for the UK Independence Party to their highest level to date, 6.8%.

Members of Parliament

MPs 1295–1660

• Constituency created 1295

MPs 1660–1868

MPs since 1868

Elections

Elections in the 2020s

|reg. electors = 78,374

Elections in the 2010s

Elections in the 2000s

Elections in the 1990s

This constituency underwent boundary changes between the 1992 and 1997 general elections and thus change in share of vote is based on a notional calculation.

Elections in the 1980s

Elections in the 1970s

Elections in the 1960s

Elections in the 1950s

Elections in the 1940s

General Election 1939–40:

Another general election was required to take place before the end of 1940. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place from 1939 and by the end of this year, the following candidates had been selected;

• Conservative: John Courtauld
• Labour: E A Weston
• Liberal: Gerald Kidd
• British Union: Charles Hudson

Elections in the 1930s

Elections in the 1920s

|reg. electors = 67,276

|reg. electors = 48,170

|reg. electors = 46,257

|reg. electors = 45,364

Elections in the 1910s

|reg. electors = 42,131 General Election 1914–15:

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;

• Unionist: Edmund Talbot
• Liberal:

Elections in the 1900s

|reg. electors = 11,225

|reg. electors = 10,784

Elections in the 1890s

|reg. electors = 9,146

Elections in the 1880s

• Caused by Gordon-Lennox's resignation.

|reg. electors = 8,502

|reg. electors = 1,279

Elections in the 1870s

|reg. electors = 1,240

• Caused by Lennox's appointment as First Commissioner of Works and Public Buildings

|reg. electors = 1,240

Elections in the 1860s

|reg. electors = 1,195

• Seat reduced to one member *

|reg. electors = 562

• Caused by Freeland's resignation.

Elections in the 1850s

|reg. electors = 562

• Caused by Gordon-Lennox's appointment as a Lord Commissioner of the Treasury.

|reg. electors = 638

|reg. electors = 757

• Caused by Gordon-Lennox's appointment as a Lord Commissioner of the Treasury.

Elections in the 1840s

|reg. electors = 799

• Caused by Lennox's resignation by accepting the office of Steward of the Manor of Hempholme

• Caused by Lennox's appointment as Clerk of the Ordnance

• Caused by Lennox's appointment as a Lord Commissioner of the Treasury

|reg. electors = 829

Elections in the 1830s

|reg. electors = 885

|reg. electors = 958

|reg. electors = 852

|reg. electors =

|reg. electors =

Notes

References

Sources

• Election result, 2010 (BBC)
• Election result, 2005 (BBC)
• Election results, 1997 – 2001 (BBC)
• Election results, 1997 – 2001 (Election Demon)
• Election results, 1983 – 1992 (Election Demon)
• Election results, 1992 – 2010 (Guardian) (UKIP result for 2001 is incorrect)

References

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2. "Chichester - General election results 2024". BBC News.
3. "The Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023".
4. "Custom report - Nomis - Official Labour Market Statistics".
5. "Archived copy".
6. "Archived copy".
7. "History of Parliament". History of Parliament Trust.
8. "HORE, William (d.1448), of Chichester, Suss. - History of Parliament Online".
9. "History of Parliament". History of Parliament Trust.
10. "History of Parliament". History of Parliament Trust.
11. ''[[Dictionary of National Biography]]'', later editions, and ''[[Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]]''.
12. {{Rayment-hc. c. 4. (March 2012)
13. (1845). "The Parliaments of England, from 1st George I., to the Present Time. Vol II: Oxfordshire to Wales Inclusive". Simpkin, Marshall, & Co..
14. "John Smith". University College London.
15. (1837). "The Parliamentary Guide: a concise history of the Members of both Houses, etc".
16. (1836). "The Assembled Commons or Parliamentary Biographer: 1836".
17. (October 2011). "Chapter 7. Irish Religion in British Politics: The Maynooth Difficulties for Liberal Party MPs". Parliamentary History.
18. (1830). "Proceedings at the Contested Election for the City of Chichester, 1830 ... copy of the poll book, speeches ... squibs and addresses. To which are added, the proceedings at the election of representatives for the County of Sussex, etc". J. Hackman.
19. (2006). "China Trade and Empire: Jardine, Matheson & Co. and the Origins of British Rule in Hong Kong 1827–1843". Oxford University Press.
20. "Chichester 1660-".
21. [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election/2024/uk/constituencies/E14001166 Chichester]
22. "Notional results for a UK general election on 12 December 2019". [[UK Parliament]].
23. "Archived copy".
24. "Statement of Persons Nominated and Notice of Poll".
25. "Election Data 2015". [[Electoral Calculus]].
26. (9 April 1992). "Politics Resources". Politics Resources.
27. Bognor Regis Observer 30 December 1939
28. Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1922
29. British Parliamentary Election Results 1885–1918, FWS Craig
30. Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1916
31. The Liberal Year Book, 1907
32. (1974). "British Parliamentary Election Results: 1885-1918". Macmillan Press.
33. (9 June 1905). "Chichester By-election". [[Ballymena Observer]].
34. Audit Bureau of Circulations Ltd– abc.org.uk
35. Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1901
36. Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1886
37. (1977). "British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885". Macmillan Press.
38. (6 December 1832). "Chichester". Public Ledger and Daily Advertiser.
39. "Chichester".