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Chekiang Province, Republic of China

Former province of the Republic of China

Former province of the Republic of China

FieldValue
native_name浙江省
conventional_long_nameChekiang Province
common_nameChekiang
nationRepublic of China
status_textProvince of the Republic of China
<!-- General information -->life_span1912–1955
capitalHangchow (de jure){{efn{{Plainlist
todayChina
∟ Zhejiang
year_start1912
year_end1955
event_endTerritory captured by the PRC
event_start
image_mapRepublic of China edcp location map (disputed territories) Chekiang.svg
image_map_captionMap showing Chekiang Province under de jure ROC control.
image_map2Zhejiang ROC.jpg
image_map2_captionChekiang Province under ROC control, between 1949 and 1955.
p1Zhejiang#Qing eraZhejiang
s1Zhejiang
stat_year11947
stat_area1102,646
stat_pop119,942,112
Note

the former province of the Republic of China

  • Hangzhou (1912–37)
  • Jinhua (1937–38)
  • Yongkang (1938–41)
  • Songyang (1941)
  • Yongkang (1941–42)
  • Songyang (1942)
  • Yunhe (1942–45)
  • Hangzhou (1945–49)
  • Dinghai (1949–50)
  • Wenling (1953–54)
  • Taipei (in exile, 1954–55) ∟ Zhejiang

Chekiang was a province of the Republic of China (ROC) created after the end of the Qing dynasty. It was conquered by the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1955.

The ROC abandoned Mainland China at the end of the Chinese Civil War, and Chekiang was reduced to coastal islands including Yushan, Toumenshan, Yijiangshan, Dachen, Pishan and Nanji. The ROC attacked the PRC from Chekiang, with raids on Zhejiang and occasionally areas near Shanghai. The province was organized into seven counties - Wenling, Linhai, Huangyan, Pinyang, Sanmen, Yueqing and Yuhuan. ROC President Chiang Kai-shek appointed General Hu Zongnan to establish the provincial government on the Dachen Islands in September 1951 to fight PRC. Chekiang was reorganized into four counties − Wenling, Linhai, Pinyang and Yuhuan − in 1952. Sanmen became the Yushan Administrative Bureau. The Zhuyu Administrative Bureau was also established. The administrative bureaus were intended to manage trade with Mainland China. In 1953, the administrative bureaus were abolished and the provincial government relocated to Taiwan in 1953.

In 1955, the PRC captured the remainder of Chekiang during the First Taiwan Strait Crisis. The PRC captured Yijiangshan in January. The ROC evacuated the Dachens in February, with the PRC occupying the Dachens by the end of the month. The Chekiang government was dissolved.

List of governors

Military governors

№PortraitName
(Birth–Death)Term of officePolitical partyNon-partisan}}; color:black;" rowspan=2123Non-partisan}}; color:black;" rowspan=24Non-partisan}}; color:black;" rowspan=25678(9)1011
[[File:Tang Shouqian.jpg80px]]Tang Shouqian
湯壽潛
(1856–1917)url = http://www.chinaknowledge.de/History/Rep/governors-zhejiang.htmltitle = Military and Civilian Governors of Zhejiang 1911-1949website = Chinaknowledgeaccess-date = 2 November 2018}}1 January 1912
Served as provincial military governor (dudu 都督)
[[File:Jiang Zungui2.jpg80px]]Jiang Zungui
蔣尊簋
(1882–1931)12 July 1912 (nominated on 16 January 1912)23 July 1912Unity Party
Also served as head of the civil government during his tenure as military governor.
[[File:朱介人.jpg80px]]Zhu Rui
朱瑞
(1883–1916)23 July 191211 April 1916Republican Party
Served as provincial general (jiangjun 將軍) from 30 June 1914; also served as head of the civil government 23 July 1912 – 10 September 1913. Eventually fled the province.
[[File:Qu Yingguang.jpg80px]]Qu Yingguang
屈映光
(1881–1973)14 April 1916 (nominated on 12 April 1916)5 May 1916
Acting military governor. Also served as de facto head of the civil government from 10 September 1913 to 6 July 1916, and as "pacification commissioner" (xun'anshi 巡按使) from 25 May 1914
[[File:吕公望.jpg80px]]Lü Gongwang
呂公望
(1879–1954)6 July 1916 (nominated on 5 May 1916)1 January 1917
Also served as de facto head of the civil government, namely "provincial head" (shengzhang 省長) during his tenure.
[[File:杨善德.jpg80px]]Yang Shande
楊善德
(1873–1919)1 January 191713 August 1919Anhui clique
Died in office.
[[File:Lu Yongxiang1.jpg80px]]Lu Yongxiang
盧永祥
Lú Yǒngxiáng
(1867–1933)14 August 191920 September 1924Anhui clique
Served as "provincial superintendent" (duban 督辦) from 20 June 1922.
[[File:Sun Chuanfang.jpg80px]]Sun Chuanfang
孫傳芳
Sūn Chuánfāng
(1885–1935)20 September 192419 December 1926Zhili clique
Sun initially served as "provincial supervisor" (duli 督理), and as "provincial superintendent" (duban 督辦) from 16 January 1925. He mostly ruled through subordinates, most notably appointing Lu Xiangting as "military commander-in-chief" (de facto military governor) in January 1926.
Lu Xiangting25 January 1926?Zhili clique
Served as "military commander-in-chief" of the province.
Jiang Zungui19 December 192629 December 1926Zhili clique
Meng Zhaoyue29 December 192617 February 1927Zhili clique

Civil governors

№PortraitName
(Birth–Death)Term of officePolitical partyNon-partisan}}; color:black;" rowspan=21Non-partisan}}; color:black;" rowspan=22Non-partisan}}; color:black;" rowspan=23Non-partisan}}; color:black;" rowspan=245Kuomintang}}; color:white;"6Kuomintang}}; color:white;"
[[File:吕公望.jpg80px]]Lü Gongwang
呂公望
(1879–1954)1916January 1917
[[File:Qi Yaoshan.jpg80px]]Qi Yaoshan
齊耀珊
(1865–1954)January 191724 June 1920
[[File:沈金鑑.jpg80px]]Shen Jinjian
沈金鑒
(1875–1924)24 June 192029 October 1922
[[File:浙局變化中之人物 張載揚.jpg80px]]Zhang Zaiyang
張載揚
(1874–1945)29 October 1922?
[[File:Xia Chao.jpg80px]]Xia Chao
夏超
(1882–1926)192423 October 1926Zhili clique
NRA
[[File:Chen Yi.jpg80px]]Chen Yi
陳儀
Chén Yí
(1883–1950)October 1925July 1927Zhili clique
NRA

Chairperson of the Provincial Government

№PortraitName
(Birth–Death)Term of officePolitical partyKuomintang}}; color:white;" rowspan=21Kuomintang}}; color:white;" rowspan=22Kuomintang}}; color:white;" rowspan=2(1)Kuomintang}}; color:white;" rowspan=23Kuomintang}}; color:white;" rowspan=24Kuomintang}}; color:white;" rowspan=25Kuomintang}}; color:white;" rowspan=26Kuomintang}}; color:white;" rowspan=2(5)Kuomintang}}; color:white;" rowspan=27Kuomintang}}; color:white;" rowspan=2(5)Kuomintang}}; color:white;" rowspan=28Kuomintang}}; color:white;" rowspan=29Kuomintang}}; color:white;" rowspan=210Kuomintang}}; color:white;" rowspan=211Kuomintang}}; color:white;" rowspan=212
[[File:Chang Jen-chieh.jpg80px]]Zhang Renjie
張靜江
(1877–1950)27 July 19275 October 1927Kuomintang
[[File:He Yingqin young.jpg80px]]He Yingqin
何應欽
Hé Yìngqīn
(1890–1987)5 October 19277 November 1928Kuomintang
[[File:Chang Jen-chieh.jpg80px]]Zhang Renjie
張靜江
(1877–1950)7 November 19284 December 1930Kuomintang
[[File:張難先 (政協).jpg80px]]Zhang Nanxian
張難先
(1873–1968)4 December 193015 December 1931Kuomintang
[[File:南京庐山照相馆 鲁涤平签赠照.jpg80px]]Lu Diping
魯滌平
(1887–1935)15 December 193112 December 1934Kuomintang
[[File:Huang Shaohong.jpg80px]]Huang Shaohong
黃紹竑
(1895–1966)12 December 193425 July 1936Kuomintang
[[File:Minister1.jpg80px]]Bai Chongxi
白崇禧
(1893–1966)25 July 19366 September 1936Kuomintang
Refused to take office; Director of Civil Affairs Department Xu Qingfu acted as Chairperson.
[[File:Huang Shaohong.jpg80px]]Huang Shaohong
黃紹竑
(1895–1966)6 September 19362 December 1936Kuomintang
[[File:Zhu Jiahua3.jpg80px]]Zhu Jiahua
朱家驊
Zhū Jiāhuá
(1893–1963)12 December 193426 November 1937Kuomintang
[[File:Huang Shaohong.jpg80px]]Huang Shaohong
黃紹竑
(1895–1966)26 November 193726 March 1946Kuomintang
[[File:Shen Honglie.jpg80px]]Shen Honglie
沈鴻烈
(1882–1969)26 March 194622 June 1948Kuomintang
[[File:Chen Yi.jpg80px]]Chen Yi
陳儀
Chén Yí
(1883–1950)22 June 194821 February 1949Kuomintang
[[File:Z027-JS-029507 周碞 (cropped).png80px]]Zhou Yan
周喦
(1895–1953)21 February 19496 December 1949Kuomintang
Shi Jue
石覺
(1908–1986)7 December 194913 May 1950Kuomintang
[[File:Hu Zongnan.jpg80px]]Hu Zongnan
胡宗南
(1896–1962)19 October 195023 July 1953Kuomintang
Evacuated to Taiwan 23 July 1953.

Notes

References

Bibliography

  • {{cite book |url-access=registration

References

  1. "三軍渡海攻占一江山島 (Chinese Version)".
  2. Domes, Jurgen. [https://archive.org/details/pengtehuaimanan00dome ''Peng Te-huai: The Man and the Image''], London: C. Hurst & Company. 1985. {{ISBN. 0-905838-99-8. p.66
  3. (13 September 2016). "PLA Yijiangshan Joint Amphibious Operation: Past is Prologue".
  4. [https://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/february/10/newsid_2538000/2538891.stm 1955: US evacuates Pacific islands]
  5. "Military and Civilian Governors of Zhejiang 1911-1949".
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