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Chak De! India

2007 sports drama film

Field	Value
name	Chak De! India
image	Chak De! India.jpg
caption	Theatrical release poster
alt	Theatrical release poster depicts coach Kabir Khan, looking over the bad Indian Women's National Field Hockey Team. Text at the bottom of the poster provides the title, tagline, production credits and release date.
director	Shimit Amin
producer	Aditya Chopra
starring	Shah Rukh Khan
music	Salim–Sulaiman
cinematography	Sudeep Chatterjee
editing	Amitabh Shukla
writer	Jaideep Sahni
studio	Yash Raj Films
distributor	Yash Raj Films
released
runtime	149 minutes
country	India
language	Hindi
budget	20 crore
gross	109 crore

Chak De! India () is a 2007 Indian Hindi-language sports film directed by Shimit Amin and produced by Aditya Chopra under the banner of Yash Raj Films. The film stars Shah Rukh Khan as Kabir Khan, former captain of the India men's national field hockey team. After a disastrous loss to Pakistan, Khan is ostracized from the sport owing to religious prejudice. 7 years later in an attempt to redeem himself, he becomes the coach of the India women's national field hockey team, with the goal of turning its 16 contentious players into an award-winning team.

Jaideep Sahni, a screenwriter, was inspired by the women's national field hockey team's win at the 2002 Commonwealth Games to develop Chak De! Indias script after reading about it in a newspaper. The screenplay was fictional and the characters, while inspired by the real team and coaches, were invented by Sahni. Kabir Khan's struggles bore resemblance to those faced by real-life hockey player Mir Ranjan Negi, although Sahni was unaware of Negi's tribulations while writing the script. On the suggestion of Maharaj Krishan Kaushik, then coach of the women's hockey team, Sahni invited Negi to join the film's production team. A combination of professional players and actors were cast as the sixteen team members; workshops were conducted for training the actors in hockey and the players in acting. Kaushik and Negi would train Sahni, Khan and the other cast members over a period of six months. The sports scenes were choreographed by Rob Miller, and the soundtrack was composed by Salim–Sulaiman, with lyrics written by Sahni.

Chak De! India was released worldwide on 10 August 2007 in two languages English and Hindi, coinciding with the country's 60th Independence Day, and grossed on a budget, thus becoming the third-highest grossing Hindi film of 2007. It received widespread critical acclaim upon release, with praise for its direction, story, screenplay, dialogues, feminist themes, and performances of the cast, with high praise directed towards Khan's performance. A recipient of numerous accolades, Chak De! India won the National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment at the 55th National Film Awards. It received a leading 10 nominations at the 53rd Filmfare Awards, including Best Film, Best Director (Amin) and Best Supporting Actress (Shukla), and won a leading 5 awards, including Best Film (Critics) and Best Actor (Khan).

The title track song "Chak De! India," now doubles as a sports anthem in India.

Plot

Chak De! India opens in Delhi during the final minutes of a Hockey World Cup match between Pakistan and India, with Pakistan leading 1–0. When Indian team captain Kabir Khan is fouled, he takes a penalty stroke. His shot just misses, causing India to lose the match. Soon afterwards, media outlets circulate a photograph of Khan shaking hands and embracing the Pakistani captain. The sporting gesture is misunderstood, and Khan{{cite web |access-date=23 August 2005 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125025902/http://indianexpress.com/article/news-archive/web/identity-proof/ |archive-date=25 January 2016 |access-date=27 December 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080823165406/http://in.rediff.com/movies/2007/aug/13sai.htm |archive-date=23 August 2008 |access-date=29 December 2008 |archive-date=26 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200926132019/https://in.reuters.com/article/bollywoodNews/idINIndia-31155920071228?sp=true |url-status=dead

Seven years later Mr. Tripathi, the head of India's hockey association, meets with field hockey advocate Uttam Singh to discuss the Indian women's hockey team. According to Tripathi, the team has no future since the only long-term role for women is to "cook and clean". Uttam, however, tells him that Khan wants to coach the team. Initially skeptical, Tripathi agrees to the arrangement.

Khan finds himself in charge of a group of 16 young women divided by their fiercely competitive natures and regional prejudices. Komal Chautala, a village girl from Haryana, clashes with Preeti Sabarwal from Chandigarh; short-tempered Balbir Kaur from Punjab bullies Rani Dispotta and Soimoi Kerketa, who are from remote villages in Jharkhand. Mary Ralte from Mizoram and Molly Zimik from Manipur in Northeast India face widespread racial discrimination and even sexual harassment from some strangers. Team Captain Vidya Sharma must choose between hockey and the wishes of her husband Rakesh's family, and Preeti's fiancé—Abhimanyu Singh, Vice-Captain of the India national cricket team— brushes off hockey as unimportant to their future as a couple.

Khan realises that he can make the girls winners only if he can help them overcome their differences. During his first few days as coach, he benches several players who refuse to follow his rules—including Bindiya Naik, the most experienced player. In response, Bindiya repeatedly encourages the other players to defy Khan. When she finally succeeds, Khan angrily resigns; however, he invites the staff and team to a farewell lunch at McDonald's. During the lunch, local boys eve tease Mary; Balbir attacks them, triggering a brawl between the boys and the team. Khan, recognising that they are finally acting as one for the first time, prevents the staff from intervening; he only stops a man from hitting one of the women from behind with a cricket bat. After the fight, the women realise Khan's intentions and ask him to remain their coach.

The team faces new challenges. When Tripathi refuses to send the women's team to Australia for the World Cup, Khan proposes a match against the men's team. Although his team loses, their performance inspires Tripathi to send them to Australia after all. Bindiya is upset with Khan for choosing Vidya over her as the captain of the team. Her consequent behaviour results in a 7–0 loss to Australia. When Khan confronts Bindiya about her actions on the field, she responds by attempting to seduce him, which he rejects and orders Bindiya to stay away from the game. Khan continues to train the girls, which is followed by victories over England, Spain, South Africa, New Zealand, and Argentina. Just before their game with South Korea, Khan approaches Bindiya, asking her to begin playing once more and break the strategy of 'Man to Man' marking used by the Korean team so they can win the match. Bindiya goes onto the field and with the help of Gunjan Lakhani, manages to beat South Korea and enter the finals.

They are again matched with Australia for the final. Khan urges Komal and Preeti to put aside their differences for the team's sake. Preeti, in order to prove Abhimanyu a point, is determined to finish as the tournament's leading goal scorer. In the final few minutes of the game, the Indian team is trailing 1-2 when Komal passes the ball to Preeti, who scores and pushes the game into penalty shootouts. There, they go down 2-0 initially but come back to win the penalty shootouts 3-2 and thus claim the world cup against all odds. When the team returns home, their families treat them with greater respect and Khan, his good name restored, returns with his mother to their town and ancestral home where the people have started to respect him again.

Cast

Shortly after the film's release, the media began referring to the 16 actresses who portrayed the players as the "Chak De! Girls".{{cite web |access-date=21 August 2015 |access-date=26 August 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150916133858/http://www.ndtv.com/video/player/news/taare-chak-de-sweep-screen-awards/22050 |archive-date=16 September 2015

Team

Actor	Character	State or city	Position and number
Shah Rukh Khan	Kabir Khan	India	Head Coach
Vidya Malvade	Vidya Sharma	Madhya Pradesh	Captain and goalie (18)
Shilpa Shukla	Bindiya Naik	Maharashtra	Centre half (5)
Nichola Sequeira	url=http://www.yashrajfilms.com/microsites/cdi/cdi.html	title=Chak De! India	date=2007	people=Shimit Amin (Director)	publisher=Yash Raj Films	location=India	archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707152325/http://www.yashrajfilms.com/microsites/cdi/cdi.html	archive-date=7 July 2015	url-status=live	medium=Feature Film}}	Utility player (12)
Sagarika Ghatge	Preeti Sabarwal	Chandigarh	Centre forward (9)
Chitrashi Rawat	Komal Chautala	Haryana	Right in (8)
Tanya Abrol	Balbir Kaur	Punjab	Fullback (3)
Shubhi Mehta	Gunjan Lakhani	Andhra Pradesh	Right half (4)
Sandia Furtado	Nethra Reddy	Left out (11)
Anaitha Nair	Aliya Bose	West Bengal	Right out (7){{cite web
Arya Menon	Gul Iqbal	Uttar Pradesh	Left in (10)
Kimi Laldawla	Mary Ralte	Mizoram	Penalty Specialist (15)
Masochon Zimik	Molly Zimik	Manipur	Left half (6)
Kimberly Miranda	Rachna Prasad	people=Shimit Amin (Director)	title=Chak De! India	medium=Feature Film	publisher=Yash Raj Films	location=India	date=2007	url=http://www.yashrajfilms.com/microsites/cdi/cdi.html	archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707152325/http://www.yashrajfilms.com/microsites/cdi/cdi.html	archive-date= 7 July 2015}}	Utility player (14)
Seema Azmi	Rani Dispotta	Jharkhand	Right defender (2)
Nisha Nair	Soimoi Kerketa	Substitute (17)
Raynia Mascerhanas	Raynia Fernandes	Goa	Utility player (16)

Supporting cast

Aanjjan Srivastav as Mr. Vishal Tripathi, Head Indian Hockey Official
Vibha Chibber as Krishnaji, assistant coach for the Indian women's field hockey team
Javed Khan as Sukhlal
Mohit Chauhan as Uttam Singh, Kabir's former hockey teammate and friend
Vivan Bhatena as Abhimanyu Singh, Vice captain of the Indian national cricket team and Preeti's fiancé
Nakul Vaid as Rakesh Sharma, Vidya's husband
Joyshree Arora as Kabir's mother
Ramakant Dayama as Association Member
Rio Kapadia as Commentator

Production

Development

A brief article about the victorious women's team at the 2002 Commonwealth Games inspired screenwriter Jaideep Sahni to create a film about the Indian women's hockey team,{{cite web |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130130014858/http://sports.ndtv.com/othersports/hockey/item/43969-womens-hockey-hopes-to-deliver |url-status=dead |archive-date=30 January 2013 |access-date=7 April 2008 |access-date=23 August 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303235012/http://www.ndtv.com/video/player/news/chak-de-the-real-kabir-khan/18842 |archive-date= 3 March 2016 |access-date=23 April 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160219030648/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-fridayreview/back-to-the-goal-post/article2273304.ece |archive-date=19 February 2016 |access-date=23 April 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150217143305/http://www.hindustantimes.com/hockey/the-story-of-truth-lies-amp-a-man-called-mir/article1-232857.aspx |archive-date=17 February 2015 |access-date=23 April 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160219030649/http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/-they-said-i-d-taken-one-lakh-per-goal-.-.-.-people-used-to-introduce-me-as-mr-negi-of-those-seven-goals-/217517/0 |archive-date=19 February 2016 |access-date=2015-11-05 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151108173847/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Speech-by-Shah-Rukh-Khan-on-receiving-a-Honorary-Degree-from-University-Of-Edinburgh/articleshow/49408685.cms |archive-date= 8 November 2015

According to Sahani, he was unaware of Negi's plight while he wrote the script and any resemblance to Negi's life was coincidental.{{cite news |access-date=23 April 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160219030648/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-fridayreview/in-the-company-of-ideas/article2284968.ece |archive-date=19 February 2016 |access-date=21 August 2015 |access-date=21 August 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151103045107/http://edition.cnn.com/2008/SHOWBIZ/01/25/SRK.qanda/ |archive-date= 3 November 2015

Casting

Shah Rukh Khan took this role partially because he used to play hockey in college. Khan said "The role was a lot like going back to my past". His performance gained his critical acclaim for this role.

Aditya (Chopra)]]. He liked it and said stop everything else and concentrate on it. I started my research by spending time with hockey players ... It’s just a matter of chance that Negi's story matches with Kabir Khan. There are many cases, like in Colombia, football players are killed for not performing well for the club. I had no idea about Negi’s story while writing the script, and he joined us after the script was ready. In fact, his name was suggested by [Maharaj Krishan Kaushik

Although [Salman Khan was initially signed for the lead role, he later withdrew due to creative differences with director Shimit Amin.{{cite web |access-date=21 August 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924123238/http://www.ibtimes.co.in/kick-star-salman-was-offered-chak-de-india-before-shah-rukh-606696 |archive-date=24 September 2015 |access-date=21 August 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150313004308/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/Chak-De-India-Lesser-Known-Facts/photostory/39823559.cms |archive-date=13 March 2015 |access-date=21 August 2015 |access-date=18 August 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924154741/http://www.sify.com/movies/chak-de-girls-kicked-my-butt-shah-rukh-khan-news-bollywood-kkfuKlegbfbsi.html |archive-date=24 September 2015

Casting of the 16 actresses as the hockey players took over six months. Amin described the process as "very, very difficult" and "very strenuous because the requirement was they had to play – and act". A four-month training camp was held where the girls learned the rules of the game, took acting lessons and followed a strict diet; safety precautions were also taken. According to Amin, it was "tricky" to teach the actors how to play hockey, and those who were hired because they were hockey players, had to learn how to act. Some of the actors, such as Chitrashi, Sandia, and Raynia, were cast because they were hockey players.

Rob Miller was the sport action director, choreographing the sports scenes,{{cite web |access-date=9 May 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090112065629/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Opinion/Sunday_Specials/Helping_stars_make_the_right_moves/rssarticleshow/2291500.cms |archive-date=12 January 2009 |access-date=18 August 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924080436/http://www.postandcourier.com/article/20070913/ARCHIVES/309139863 |archive-date=24 September 2015

Soundtrack

Main article: Chak De! India (soundtrack)

The soundtrack album of Chak De! India and the film's background music is composed by Salim–Sulaiman. This film marks the duo's first collaboration with actor Shah Rukh Khan. The lyrics for all the songs were written by Jaideep Sahni. The album features seven tracks with a remix song and a dialogue by Shah Rukh Khan from this film. The album was released on 11 July 2007, and upon its release 11,00,000 units of the album were sold, making it the eleventh highest selling soundtrack album of the year, according to the Indian trade website Box Office India.

Release

Chak De! India premiered on 13 August 2007 at Somerset House in London to an audience of over 2,000 during the Film4 Summer Screen and India Now festivals.{{cite web |access-date=18 August 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304060246/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2007/20070811/world.htm |archive-date= 4 March 2016 |access-date=18 August 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160219030649/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/london/6927305.stm |archive-date=19 February 2016 |access-date=18 August 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160219030649/http://www.gettyimages.dk/detail/news-photo/indian-bollywood-actor-shah-rukh-khan-arrives-at-londons-news-photo/76041041 |archive-date=19 February 2016

The film was screened in New Delhi on 17 August 2016, as part of the week-long Independence Day Film Festival. The festival was jointly presented by the Indian Directorate of Film Festivals and Ministry of Defense, commemorating India's 70th Independence Day.{{cite web |url=http://dff.nic.in/70thIndependance_Day/70_Saal_Independance_Day.pdf |title=DIRECTORATE OF FILM FESTIVALS & MINISTRY OF DEFENCE Presents Independence Day Film Festival |access-date=2016-08-29 |publisher=Directorate of Film Festivals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160909045347/http://dff.nic.in/70thIndependance_Day/70_Saal_Independance_Day.pdf |archive-date= 9 September 2016

Critical response

In an NPR interview via affiliate WBUR-FM, Mumbai Mirror columnist Aseem Chhabra called Chak De! India "an example of a film that's been made within the framework of Bollywood and yet it is a very different film. It does take up some realistic issues, and what I really liked about the film was that the women who acted, you know, who are part of the team, each one of them got a chance. Their personality, their characters, were very well-written, and so, the superstar in the film was Shahrukh Khan, who was the coach of the team; he doesn't sort of take over the whole film. Every supporting character gets a role, and it's a very inspiring movie that really changed the mood in India. People loved it".{{cite web |access-date=3 September 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160113064717/http://www.wbur.org/npr/101151401 |archive-date=13 January 2016 |access-date=7 April 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023053018/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/hindi/Chakde-India/movie-review/2273242.cms |archive-date=23 October 2012 |access-date=7 July 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120606140602/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/Institutional%2Bstrains/1/1081.html |archive-date= 6 June 2012 |access-date=7 April 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129053857/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-fridayreview/article2273446.ece |archive-date=29 November 2014 |access-date=21 August 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160219030649/http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/chak-de-india/209998/0 |archive-date=19 February 2016 |access-date=19 August 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160219030648/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1070819/asp/7days/story_8209314.asp |archive-date=19 February 2016 |access-date=7 April 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080411060409/http://www.bbc.co.uk/films/2007/08/06/chak_de_india_2007_review.shtml |archive-date=11 April 2008 |access-date=7 April 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080315093252/http://movies.nytimes.com/2007/08/11/movies/11chak.html |archive-date=15 March 2008 |access-date=1 June 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080327163356/http://www.variety.com/review/VE1117934427.html?categoryid=31&cs=1 |archive-date=27 March 2008 |access-date=1 June 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924211717/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/chak-de-india-159170 |archive-date=24 September 2015

Michael Dequina of themoviereport.com was more critical of the film, giving it 2.5 out of four stars and calling it "a very familiar, very formula underdog sports movie with nothing to distinguish it from similar, equally slick Hollywood product."{{cite web |access-date=9 August 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930195056/http://themoviereport.com/movierpt07-08.html |archive-date=30 September 2015 |access-date=21 August 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160219030648/http://www.tvguide.com/movies/chak-de-india/review/289848/ |archive-date=19 February 2016

Apart from critics, Chak De! India tied with Taare Zameen Par for the Best Film of 2007 according to various Bollywood movie directors such as Madhur Bhandarkar, David Dhawan, Rakeysh Omprakash Mehra, Anurag Basu, and Sriram Raghavan.{{cite web |access-date=10 April 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606032915/http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/dresscircle/Taare-Chak-De-top-directors-pick-in-07/Article1-266098.aspx |archive-date= 6 June 2011

Box office

Due to the film's strong critical response, cinema halls reported 80% occupancy for its opening weekend. Chak De! India topped the Indian box office during its first two weeks,{{cite web |access-date=3 September 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924153549/http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?page=intl&country=IN&id=chakdeindia.htm |archive-date=24 September 2015 |access-date=18 August 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150926113852/http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0%2C8599%2C1670547%2C00.html |archive-date=26 September 2015 |access-date=3 September 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150805002743/http://boxofficeindia.com/Years/year_gross_boxoffice/2007 |archive-date= 5 August 2015

Accolades

Chak De! India won Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment at the 55th National Film Awards ceremony. At the 53rd Filmfare Awards, it received twelve nominations and won five, including those for Critics Best Film, Best Actor, Best Action, Best Cinematography and Best Editing. Among other wins, the film got fourteen nominations and won nine awards at 9th IIFA Awards, at the Producers Guild Film Awards, it received fourteen nominations and won eight awards, at the Screen Awards, it received twelve nominations and won six awards at the Stardust Awards, it received seven nominations and won three awards, at the V. Shantaram Awards, it won five awards and at Zee Cine Awards, it received seven nominations and won six awards.

Legacy

Shubhra Gupta includes Chak De India in his book 50 Films That Changed Bollywood, 1995–2015. In 2024, August Man ranked Chak De India as #1 (out of 11) in a list of Hindi sports films, noting that it "was ahead of its time with its subtle exploration of women’s empowerment while ticking off all the boxes of a pure sports movie with the right amount of Bollywood spice."{{cite web |access-date=November 11, 2025 |access-date=November 10, 2025

In 2025 when the Indian women’s national cricket team won the 2025 Women's Cricket World Cup, the win was juxtaposed to both Shah Rukh Khan’s portrayal of the coach, as well as to the film Chak De India itself in media outlets and social media.{{cite web |access-date=10 November 2025 |access-date=10 November 2025 |access-date=18 August 2015 |access-date=27 March 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150928223359/http://www.khaleejtimes.com/article/20120229/ARTICLE/302299895/1057 |archive-date=28 September 2015 |access-date=27 March 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160219030648/http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/chak-de-for-india-waka-waka-for-sa-and-jack/760949/ |archive-date=19 February 2016 |access-date=19 August 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150928183131/http://sports.ndtv.com/world-cup-2011/news/171554-india-planned-final-for-a-year |archive-date=28 September 2015 |access-date=19 August 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150421190111/http://www.bbc.com/sport/live/cricket/31021068 |archive-date=21 April 2015

References

"Highest Budget Movies 2007: Box Office India". [[Box Office India]].
"Chak De India - Movie - - Box Office India".
(2007). "Chak De! India". [[Yash Raj Films]].
(2007). "Chak De! India". [[Yash Raj Films]].
(7 August 2007). "Audiences are going to get their money's worth". [[Rediff.com]].
"Meet the Chak De women". [[Rediff.com]].
"Music Hits 2000–2009 (Figures in Units)". [[Box Office India]].
Sheikh, Aminah. (17 August 2007). "Waiting for a winning formula". [[Business Standard]].
Hafeez, Sarah. (2016-08-16). "Independence Day Film Festival: Ambedkar biopic pulls in crowd at Siri Fort Auditorium". Indian Express.
Masand, Rajeev. (15 August 2007). "Chak De's... a winner all the way". [[CNN-IBN]].
Jha, Subhash K.. (16 August 2007). "Chak De India - A Tale of Exceptional Grit". Boloji.com.
Mohamed, Khalid. (15 August 2007). "Review: Chak De India". [[Hindustan Times]].
(10 August 2007). "Chak De India Box Office Collection".
Gupta, Shubhra. (2016). "50 Films That Changed Bollywood, 1995–2015". Harper Collins.
(4 August 2025). "The 100 best Bollywood movies". [[Time Out (magazine).

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