Carbadox

Indications

Carbadox is indicated for control of swine dysentery (vibrionic dysentery, bloody scours, or hemorrhagic dysentery); control of bacterial swine enteritis (salmonellosis or necrotic enteritis caused by Salmonella enterica); aid in the prevention of migration and establishment of large roundworm (Ascaris suum) infections; aid in the prevention of establishment of nodular worm (Oesophagostomum) infections.

Safety

In animal models, carbadox has been shown to be carcinogenic and to induce birth defects. The Food and Drug Administration's Center for Veterinary Medicine has questioned the safety in light of its possible carcinogenicity.

Regulation

Carbadox is approved in the United States only for use in swine and may not be used within 42 days of slaughter or used in pregnant animals. However, as of August 2018, FDA had indefinitely stayed its withdrawal of approval and carbadox remains available.

In 2004, carbadox was banned by the Canadian government as a livestock feed additive and for human consumption. The European Union also forbids the use of carbadox at any level. Australia forbids the use of carbadox in food producing animals.

References

References

1. (1 Apr 2014). "21CFR 558.115". FDA.
2. (2002). "Teratogenic assessment of carbadox in rats". Toxicology Letters.
3. (July 31, 2019). "Questions and Answers regarding Carbadox". Food and Drug Administration.
4. Fox, Maggie. (8 April 2016). "FDA Moves to Ban Cancer-Causing Pork Antibiotic". NBC News.
5. "10-K: PHIBRO ANIMAL HEALTH CORP". MarketWatch.
6. (2003-05-15). "Maximum Residue Limits". Health Canada.
7. Ungemach, Fritz R.. "WHO Food Additives Series: 51 CARBADOX (addendum)". INCHEM.
8. "Substances Not Permitted for use on Food-Producing Animals in Australia". Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority.