Budrus

Location

Budrus is located 21 km north-west of Ramallah. It is bordered by Qibya and Ni'lin to the east, Qibya to the north, the Green line to the west, and Ni'lin to the south.

History

"Budrus" is Arabic for "Peter" and in ancient times the village was known as Patris. The site of the modern village is just east of the 1949 armistice line, while the ancient village was probably 2 km away at Khirbet Budrus, on the west side of the line.

Under the name of Patris (or Patros), Budrus was mentioned in the Jewish Tosefta (Demai 1) as being included in the boundary of the southern mountains of Judea, at the entrance of the King's Mountains. The same passage mentions a local fair held at the village in Talmudic times.

Archeological remains from the Hellenistic and the Byzantine eras have been found.

Ottoman era

In 1596, Budrus appeared in Ottoman tax registers as being in the Nahiya of Ramla of the Liwa of Gaza. It had a population of 46 Muslim households and paid taxes on wheat, barley, olives or summer crops, goats or beehives and a press for olives or grapes; a total of 3,608 akçe. 7/24 of the revenue went to a Waqf.

In 1838, Budrus was counted as a Muslim village in the Gaza District, noted from the tower of the White Mosque of Ramleh.

In 1870, Victor Guérin saw Budrus from a distance, situated on a high hill. He was told that to the west of this village, on a neighboring hill, there were ruins with the name of Khirbet Budrus. An official Ottoman village list from about the same year, 1870, showed that Ebdus had a total of 28 houses and a population of 93, though the population count included only men. It also noted that it was located by Qibya and Ni'lin.

In 1882, PEF's Survey of Western Palestine described Budrus as "a small village, with olive-groves and cisterns. It has near it two sacred places (maqams), and a graveyard near one (Imam 'Aly) on the west."

British Mandate era

In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Budrus had a population of 334; all Muslims, increasing in the 1931 census to 430 Muslims in a total of 98 houses.

In the 1945 statistics the population was 510, all Muslims, while the total land area was 7,935 dunams, according to an official land and population survey. Of this, 636 dunums were plantation or irrigated, 2,412 were allotted to cereals, while 19 dunams were built-up (urban) areas.

File:Al-Haditha 1942.jpg|Budrus 1942 1:20,000 File:Beit Nabala 1945.jpg|Budrus 1945 1:250,000 File:Lydda and Ramla area - 9 July 1948.PNG|Depopulated villages in the Ramle Subdistrict

Jordanian era

In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Budrus came under Jordanian rule.

The Jordanian census of 1961 found 776 inhabitants in Budrus.

1967-present

Since the Six-Day War in 1967, Budrus has been under Israeli occupation.

After the 1995 accords, 11.2% of Budrus’s land was classified as Area B, the remaining 88.8% as Area C. Israel has confiscated land from Budrus for the construction of the Israeli West Bank barrier, surrounding the village to the north and west, cutting off many villagers from their land. Frequent protests against the wall have occurred since 2003.[[File:BUdrus school.jpg|thumb|High school in Budrus]] A boy from the village, 16-year-old Samir Awad, was shot to death in February 2013 near the Israeli West Bank barrier, where he reportedly had gone with friends to throw stones at soldiers. According to an investigation by B'tselem, he was shot while fleeing, once in the leg, and then further, while attempting to run away, once in the back and the head. A military investigation made a preliminary finding that the soldiers had fired in contravention of open-fire regulations. The house of his family was later subject to assault with concussion grenades, injuring several members, while another son, Abed, was arrested and taken to an unknown destination. In 2018, the Israeli prosecution decided not to charge the Israeli soldiers involved.

Footnotes

Bibliography

References

1. (February 2018). "Preliminary Results of the Population, Housing and Establishments Census, 2017". [[State of Palestine]].
2. Palmer, 1881, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp00conduoft#page/227/mode/1up 227]
3. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140907030336/http://vprofile.arij.org/ramallah/pdfs/vprofile/Budrus_vp_en.pdf Budrus Village Profile], ARIJ, p. 4
4. Dauphin, 1998, p. 831
5. Tsafrir, Di Segni and Green, 1994, p. 200
6. link. (October 3, 2012)
7. Conder and Conder, 1880, p. [https://archive.org/stream/AHandbookToTheBible#page/n353/mode/1up 307]
8. Avi-Yonah, Michael. (1976). "Gazetteer of Roman Palestine". Qedem.
9. Re'em, 2008, [http://www.hadashot-esi.org.il/report_detail_eng.aspx?id=732&mag_id=114 Budrus (West)]
10. Korenfeld, 2008, [http://www.hadashot-esi.org.il/report_detail_eng.aspx?id=765&mag_id=114 Budrus (South)]
11. Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 153
12. Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, Appendix 2, p. [https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearch03robiuoft#page/118/mode/1up 118]
13. Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, p. [https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearch03robiuoft#page/n47/mode/1up 30]
14. Guérin, 1875, p. [https://archive.org/stream/descriptiongogr04gugoog#page/n107/mode/1up 80]
15. Socin, 1879, p. [https://archive.org/stream/zeitschriftdesde01deut#page/154/mode/1up 154] Socin took it to be in the Ramla district
16. Hartmann, 1883, p. [https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_BZobAQAAIAAJ#page/n948/mode/1up 140], also noted 28 houses
17. Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp02conduoft#page/296/mode/1up 296]
18. Barron, 1923, Table VII, Sub-district of Ramleh, p. [https://archive.org/stream/PalestineCensus1922/Palestine%20Census%20%281922%29#page/n23/mode/1up 21]
19. Mills, 1932, p. [https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas 19]
20. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. [http://users.cecs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/VSpages/VS1945_p29.jpg 29]
21. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20I/al-Ramla/Page-066.jpg 66]
22. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20II/al-Ramla/Page-114.jpg 114]
23. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20III/al-Ramla/Page-164.jpg 164]
24. Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, p. [http://users.cecs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/JordanCensusPages/JordanCensus1961-p24.pdf 24]
25. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140907030336/http://vprofile.arij.org/ramallah/pdfs/vprofile/Budrus_vp_en.pdf Budrus Village Profile], ARIJ, pp. 15-16
26. Polly Pallister-Wilkins. (2009). "Radical Ground: Israeli and Palestinian Activists and Joint Protest Against the Wall". Social Movement Studies.
27. [[Gideon Levy]], [[Alex Levac]], [https://www.haaretz.com/weekend/twilight-zone/.premium-1.538159 'In Budrus, no one will give us the rights – we have to struggle for them'], at [[Haaretz]], 27 July 2013
28. [http://www.btselem.org/firearm/20130221_killing_of_samir_awad_budrus 'B’Tselem inquiry: No justification for shooting and killing Samir ‘Awad, 16. Budrus, 15 Jan 2013,'] B’Tselem 21 February 2013.
29. [https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/idf-probe-80-bullets-fired-without-justification-in-death-of-west-bank-palestinian.premium-1.494352 IDF Probe: 80 Bullets Fired Without Justification in Death of West Bank Palestinian] Ha'aretz, 16/1/2013
30. [[Gideon Levy]], Alex Levac, [https://www.haaretz.com/weekend/twilight-zone/a-battered-house-a-shattered-palestinian-family.premium-1.527022 'A battered house, a shattered Palestinian family,'] at [[Haaretz]], 31 May 2013.
31. [https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premium-video-shows-idf-soldiers-shooting-to-death-palestinian-teen-in-flight-1.6156845 Video Shows Israeli Soldiers Shooting to Death a Palestinian Teen as He Tries to Flee in 2013 Incident], Yotam Berger, June 7, 2018, [[Haaretz]]