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Bregma

Meeting point of the coronal suture and the sagittal suture of the skull

Summary

Meeting point of the coronal suture and the sagittal suture of the skull

Field	Value
Name	Bregma
Latin	bregma
Image	Kort-lang-skalle.gif
Caption	Superior view of the calvarium, bregma located at the intersection of the coronal and sagittal sutures.
Precursor	Anterior fontanelle
System	Skeletal system

Coronal Suture
Sagittal Suture
Lambdoid Suture (Lambda also visible at the intersection of the lambdoid suture by the sagittal suture.) The bregma is the anatomical point on the skull at which the coronal suture is intersected perpendicularly by the sagittal suture.

Structure

The bregma is located at the intersection of the coronal suture and the sagittal suture on the superior middle portion of the calvaria. It is the point where the frontal bone and the two parietal bones meet.

Development

The bregma is known as the anterior fontanelle during infancy. The anterior fontanelle is membranous and closes in the first 18-36 months of life.

Clinical significance

Cleidocranial dysostosis

In the birth defect cleidocranial dysostosis, the anterior fontanelle never closes to form the bregma.

Surgical landmark

The bregma is often used as a reference point for stereotactic surgery of the brain. It may be identified by blunt scraping of the surface of the skull and washing to make the meeting point of the sutures clearer.

Neonatal examination

Examination of an infant includes palpating the anterior fontanelle. It should be flat, soft, and less than 3.5cm across. A sunken fontanelle indicates dehydration, whereas a very tense or bulging anterior fontanelle indicates raised intracranial pressure.

Height assessment

Cranial height is defined as the distance between the bregma and the midpoint of the foramen magnum (the basion). This is strongly linked to more general growth. This can be used to assess the general health of a deceased person as part of an archaeological excavation, giving information on the health of a population.

Etymology

The word "bregma" comes from the Ancient Greek βρέγμα (brégma), meaning the bone directly above the brain.

References

Additional images

File:Slide3ROM.JPG|The bregma, human skull.

References

(2016). "Imaging in Neurology, Part 1". AMIRSYS.
(2020). "Atlas of Anatomy". Thieme Medical Publishers.
(1994). "Methods in Neurosciences". [[Elsevier]].
(2018). "Handbook of Behavioral Neuroscience". [[Publisher]].
Carreiro, Jane E.. (2009-01-01). "An Osteopathic Approach to Children". [[Churchill Livingstone]].
Nikita, Efthymia. (2017-01-01). "Osteoarchaeology - A Guide to the Macroscopic Study of Human Skeletal Remains". [[Academic Press]].
Liddell & Scott, ''Greek-English Lexicon''

Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

human-anatomy skull

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