Bosque County, Texas

History

In 1721, while traveling from San Antonio de Béxar to a mission in East Texas, the Marqués de San Miguel de Aguayo ventured north from the Old San Antonio Road, and camped along the Brazos River. Near his camp was also a tributary of the Brazos, which he named the Bosque, Spanish for forest. This was the first recorded European expedition through the region.

Until the 1850s, settlement of the region that was to become Bosque County remained sparse. About a decade previous, some members of the ill-fated Texan Santa-Fe Expedition of 1841, which passed through the area, chose to stay. One particularly noteworthy attempt at settlement was the town of Kent. In 1850, the Universal Immigration Company of England purchased land for a townsite on the west side of the Brazos. After several years, 30 families were sent over by the company to settle the land, but the newly established community barely survived the first winter, suffering a number of fatalities. The following spring, the settlers planned to right the course of the settlement by purchasing some cattle and seed corn. This plan, too, would go awry, as the cattle would eat the corn before it could be harvested, because no fence was built around the corn. Eventually, the town of Kent dissolved, with most of the settlers choosing to go elsewhere, including some who returned to England.

Bosque County was officially created in 1854, being separated from McLennan County. The first election included 3 ballot boxes: one at the junction of Steele Creek and the Brazos River, one in Meridian, and another at a live oak between Clifton and Valley Mills. This live oak became known as the Bosque County Oak. Locally the oak is known as the "Election Oak".

The voters at the first election were L. H. Scrutchfield, J. K. Helton, J. N. Mabray, Capt. Underhill, James Mabray, William Gary, Gafey Gary, Isaac Gary, Matt Gary, John Robertson, John Thomas, F. M. Kell, Archie Kell, William McCurry, Jack McCurry, Lum McCurry, Samuel Locker, Nathaniel Morgan, R. S. Barnes, J. P. Locker. They elected the following county officers: L. H. Scrutchfield, Judge; P. Bryant, Sheriff; J. N. Mabray, Clerk; Isaac Gary, Assessor and Collector; Archabal Kell, Treasurer.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1003 sqmi, of which 983 sqmi are land and 20 sqmi (2.0%) are covered by water.

Major highways

• [[File:Texas 6.svg|20px]] State Highway 6
• [[File:Texas 22.svg|20px]] State Highway 22
• [[File:Texas 144.svg|20px]] State Highway 144
• [[File:Texas 174.svg|20px]] State Highway 174

Adjacent counties

• Somervell County (north)
• Johnson County (northeast)
• Hill County (east)
• McLennan County (southeast)
• Coryell County (south)
• Hamilton County (west)
• Erath County (northwest)

Demographics

|align-fn=center 1850–2010 2010 2020

Racial and ethnic composition

2020 census

As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 18,235. The median age was 48.3 years. 20.7% of residents were under the age of 18 and 25.7% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 97.5 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 96.1 males age 18 and over.

The racial makeup of the county was 79.4% White, 1.5% Black or African American, 0.9% American Indian and Alaska Native, 0.4% Asian,

There were 7,391 households in the county, of which 27.0% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 53.6% were married-couple households, 17.5% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 23.3% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 27.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

There were 9,284 housing units, of which 20.4% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 77.1% were owner-occupied and 22.9% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.2% and the rental vacancy rate was 10.4%.

2010 census

A Williams Institute analysis of 2010 census data found about 2.5 same-sex couples per 1,000 households in the county.

2000 census

As of the 2000 census, 17,204 people, 6,726 households, and 4,856 families were residing in the county. The population density was 17 /mi2. The 8,644 housing units averaged 9 /mi2. The racial makeup of the county was 90.75% White, 1.92% African American, 0.55% Native American, 0.11% Asian, 5.2% from other races, and 1.47% from two or more races. About 12.23% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Of the 6,726 households, 29.5% had children under 18 living with them, 60.6% were married couples living together, 8.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.8% were not families. About 25.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.1% had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.48, and the average family size was 2.95.

In the county, the age distribution was 24.4% under 18, 6.2% from 18 to 24, 23.8% from 25 to 44, 25.0% from 45 to 64, and 20.5% who were 65 or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.30 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $34,181, and for a family was $40,763. Males had a median income of $31,669 versus $21,739 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,455. About 8.9% of families and 12.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.8% of those under 18 and 14.6% of those 65 or over.

Media

Bosque County is currently listed as part of the Dallas-Fort Worth DMA. Local media outlets include: KDFW-TV, KXAS-TV, WFAA-TV, KTVT-TV, KERA-TV, KTXA-TV, KDFI-TV, KDAF-TV, and KFWD-TV. Although located in Central Texas and a neighboring county of the Waco and Killeen – Temple – Fort Hood metropolitan areas. Meaning all of the Waco/Temple/Killeen market stations also provide coverage for Bosque County. They include: KCEN-TV, KWTX-TV, KXXV-TV, KDYW, and KWKT-TV.

Newspapers include The Clinton Record and Meridian Tribune, both run by BosqueCountyToday.com.

Politics

Communities

Cities

• Clifton
• Cranfills Gap (small part in Hamilton County)
• Iredell
• Meridian (county seat)
• Morgan
• Valley Mills (small part in McLennan County)
• Walnut Springs

Census-designated places

• Kopperl
• Laguna Park
• Mosheim

Unincorporated communities

• Cayote
• Cedar Shores
• Eulogy
• Lakeside Village
• Norse
• Smith Bend
• Womack

Notable people

• Jacob De Cordova — land agent, member of Texas House of Representatives, 1808–1868
• Calvin Maples Cureton — Texas attorney general from 1919 to 1921, Texas chief justice 1921–1940
• James T. Draper Jr. — Texas Southern Baptist clergyman, a pastor in Iredell in Bosque County in the late 1950s
• James E. Ferguson — 26th governor of Texas
• Miriam A. Ferguson — 29th and 32nd governor of Texas
• Earle Bradford Mayfield — Texas state senator, United States senator
• John Lomax — American musicologist and folklorist

References

Bibliography

• Bosque County History Book Committee, Bosque County, Land and People (Dallas: Curtis Media, 1985).
• Bosquerama, 1854-1954: Centennial Celebration of Bosque County, Texas (Meridian, Texas: Bosque County Centennial Association, 1954).
• William C. Pool, A History of Bosque County (San Marcos, Texas: San Marcos Record Press, 1954).
• William C. Pool, Bosque Territory (Kyle, Texas: Chaparral, 1964).

References

1. "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Bosque County, Texas". United States Census Bureau.
2. "Bosque County, Texas".
3. "Find a County". National Association of Counties.
4. [http://lagunapark.net/smf/index.php?PHPSESSID=34cc2dc116cc1ec4c08104601b135e24&topic=58.new#new Bosque County]
5. (2017). "History of Bosque County".
6. "Bosque County Oak".
7. (August 22, 2012). "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau.
8. "Decennial Census of Population and Housing by Decades". [[US Census Bureau]].
9. "Texas Almanac: Population History of Counties from 1850–2010". Texas Almanac.
10. "P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Bosque County, Texas".
11. "P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Bosque County, Texas".
12. "P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Bosque County, Texas".
13. (2021). "2020 Decennial Census Demographic Profile (DP1)".
14. (2021). "2020 Decennial Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171)".
15. (2023). "2020 Decennial Census Demographic and Housing Characteristics (DHC)".
16. (June 26, 2015). "Where Same-Sex Couples Live". The New York Times.
17. Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections".
18. (November 5, 2024). "2024 Senate Election (Official Returns)".