Border checkpoint

Definitions in European Union (Schengen) law

The Schengen Borders Code, which forms part of the law of the European Union, defines some terms as follows (particularities with respect to the EU are left out, in order to emphasize general usability of those definitions):

• "Border crossing point" means any crossing point authorized by the competent authorities for the crossing of external borders (Article 2 sec. 8 of the Schengen Borders Code);
• "Border control" means the activity carried out at a border, [...] in response exclusively to an intention to cross or the act of crossing that border, regardless of any other consideration, consisting of border checks and border surveillance (Article 2 sec. 9 of the Schengen Borders Code);
• "Border checks" means the checks carried out at border crossing points, to ensure that persons, including their means of transport and the objects in their possession, may be authorised to enter the territory [...] or authorised to leave it (Article 2 sec. 10 of the Schengen Borders Code);
• "Border surveillance" means the surveillance of borders between border crossing points and the surveillance of border crossing points outside the fixed opening hours, in order to prevent persons from circumventing border checks (Article 2 sec. 10 of the Schengen Borders Code).
• "Second line check" means a further check which may be carried out in a special location away from the location at which all persons are checked (first line) These definitions mean that a place where a road crosses an internal Schengen border is legally not a "border crossing point".

Busiest checkpoints in the world

Land

This is a list of the busiest land border checkpoints in the world, handling more than 35 million travelers in both directions annually. These travelers (or individual crossings) comprise pedestrians, drivers and vehicle passengers. International border checkpoints are in green.

Notes:

• As the United States does not have border checkpoints for outgoing traffic, incoming traffic figures are doubled to give a fair comparison. See detailed notes in table.
• El Paso Port of Entry has been excluded, as its total represents the sum of six individual checkpoints at the end of six separate bridges, with no single checkpoint meeting the minimum number of crossings required for this list.

Air

Main article: List of busiest airports by international passenger traffic

This is a list of the busiest airports in the world, by international passenger traffic, as of 2018. Airports serving international passengers are effectively checkpoints, and have the proper customs, immigration and quarantine facilities. Airports Council International's (January–December) preliminary figures are as follows.

Sea

This is a list of the busiest seaports in the world, with proper customs, immigration and quarantine facilities to be deemed as maritime checkpoints. Although figures simply represent total passenger traffic, most (if not, all) of the passengers served at these ports are bound for other countries and have to pass through checkpoint (i.e. the port is not a domestic one). This list only includes ports that handle more than 4 million passengers annually.

Note:

• The four passenger ports in China, Hong Kong and Macau in this list operate services to and from each other. These passenger ports are effectively checkpoints, as they have the proper customs, immigration and quarantine facilities.

Gallery

File:Qala2.JPG|Afghanistan–Iran border File:Nogales-Grand Avenue Port of Entry.jpg|United States–Mexico border checkpoint at Nogales, Arizona. File:Nuijamaa border crossing 2017 03 (cropped).jpg|The car traffic on the Finnish side of the Russian border at the Nuijamaa Border Crossing Point in Nuijamaa, Lappeenranta, Finland. File:Cửa khẩu Mộc Bài tỉnh Tây Ninh, trên biên giới Việt Nam-Campuchia.JPG|The Vietnam–Cambodia border west of Tây Ninh Province, from the Vietnamese side. File:FrontiereBeninNiger.jpg|An African road border entering Niger from Benin at Gaya File:Ancien poste frontière au col du Pourtalet (côté espagnol).jpg|Old border post on the France–Spain border (both countries now part of the Schengen Area) File:France-Italy Border Checkpoint, Menton.jpg|The Pont Saint-Ludovic / Ponte San Ludovico border checkpoint between Menton, France, and Ventimiglia, Italy (both countries are part of the Schengen Area) File:NofelsFresch2.JPG|Looking into Austria from Liechtenstein, with a joint border station. Since Liechtenstein joined the Schengen Area in 2011, this border station is for customs formalities only. File:Nehoteevka.JPG|Nekhoteevka customs on the Russia–Ukraine border. File:Mejni prehod Petrina.jpg|Border checkpoint on the Slovenia–Croatia border (both countries now part of the Schengen Area). File:Tanjung Puteri CIQ Complex.JPG|The former checkpoint in Johor Bahru, Malaysia at the Johor–Singapore Causeway. It was replaced by the much larger Sultan Iskandar Building 1 km further inland in 2008. File:Gongbei gate.JPG|Gongbei Port on the mainland side of the Zhuhai–Macau border. File:Portas do Cerco.JPG|Posto Fronteiriço das Portas do Cerco on the Macanese side of the Zhuhai–Macau border. File:Noyes Customs and Immigration Station.jpg|The former customs and immigration station along the Canada–United States border at Noyes, Minnesota, built in 1931, one of the earliest purpose-built border stations in the United States and listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Notes

References

References

1. (2018-06-09). "Clearing the Causeway".
2. Lim, Yan Liang. (2013-10-13). "A Look at Woodlands Checkpoint". The Straits Times.
3. (2006-04-13). "Regulation (EC) No 562/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 March 2006 establishing a Community Code on the rules governing the movement of persons across borders (Schengen Borders Code)".
4. "Point of Entry El Paso {{!}} 2018". [[Texas Comptroller of Public Accounts]].
5. "Border Crossings Entry Data –Annual Data {{!}} 2018". [[United States Department of Transportation.
6. (2019-01-03). "Macau {{!}} Gongbei Border crossings in 2018 highest ever in China – Zhuhai Gov't".
7. "Workbook: Border Crossing Annual Data".
8. "Immigration Department Annual Report 2017".
9. (2019-03-13). "ACI World releases preliminary 2018 world airport traffic rankings Passenger traffic: Passenger traffic remains resilient but cargo hubs see volume growth weaken India becomes world's third largest aviation market for passenger traffic".
10. (June 2017). "Taipa Ferry Terminal Now Operational". [[Macao Government]] Tourism Office.
11. (25 July 2013). "Govt to spend 80 million on upgrading Outer Harbour Ferry Terminal". Macau News.
12. Tekniikka&Talous. (17 January 2018). "The Port of Helsinki takes the top spot among European passenger ports". [[Port of Helsinki]].
13. "About/Performance". [[Port of Dover]].
14. Forgione, Mary. (25 July 2017). "World's busiest cruise ports are in Florida". [[latimes.com]].
15. Barth, Cindy. (16 November 2017). "Port Canaveral posts record cruise numbers for FY 2017". [[bizjournals.com]].
16. Sultan / Woodlands: sum of 2012 daily average
17. link. (2019-07-15 by the [[United States Department of Transportation). USDOT]]. As southbound border crossings counts are not formally produced and publicly available, it is estimated that a similar number of crossings occurs from San Diego to Tijuana, as has previously been done in a [https://www.otaymesa.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/2016-San-Diego-Baja-California-Border-Crossings-and-Trade-Statistics.pdf report] {{Webarchive. link. (2021-04-29 by the [[San Diego Association of Governments). SANDAG]]. Since this is an estimate, the resulting figure has been rounded off to the nearest 100,000.
18. [[Schengen Area]]: This airport or seaport is located in the Schengen Area, in which internal border checks have largely been abolished (particularly land borders), though there can be temporary checkpoints or passport requirements at check in. Thus, flights/ships within the area may have a large number of international passengers travel wholly within this area without passing through permanent border checkpoints within the airport or seaport facility, with those passengers potentially counted in domestic totals. The figures for airports and seaports in these tables represent international passengers, per breakdown data supplied by [[Airports Council International]], and it is unclear whether these figures include or exclude intra-Schengen Area passengers as international.
19. Taipa Ferry Terminal: annual average of 2013 to 2017 five year total