Berolina pawn

Description

The Berolina pawn moves, without capturing, one square diagonally forward. It captures one square straight forward. (Thus, it is the converse of a standard chess pawn, which moves straight forward and captures diagonally forward.)

The Berolina has the option to move two squares diagonally forward on its first move. It can also capture en passant: a Berolina pawn, attacking a square that has just been bypassed by an enemy pawn's two-square advance, may capture the enemy pawn as if it had moved only one square. Like the orthodox pawn, the Berolina pawn is promoted when it reaches its .

Example problem

| tleft | Dr. C. C. Lytton (original) | | | | | | | | | | | | |nd|ql| | | | | | | | | | | |hd| |rd| | | | |kl| | | | | | | | | | |nl| | | | |kd| | |hl| | | | | | | | | | | |rl | {{hidden |White mates in 2 |headerstyle=text-align:left; |fw1=normal |multiline=y |Solution: 1.Qf2 ...

• 1...Rd4+ 2.b4
• 1...Rxd3 2.dxd3#
• 1...Rc5 2.c3#
• 1...Re5 2.e3#
• 1...Rf5 2.f4#}}

Berolina chess

| tright | |rd|nd|bd|qd|kd|bd|nd|rd |hd|hd|hd|hd|hd|hd|hd|hd | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |hl|hl|hl|hl|hl|hl|hl|hl |rl|nl|bl|ql|kl|bl|nl|rl | Berolina chess starting position. Berolina chess, also called Berlin chess, is a chess variant employing the Berolina pawn. Berolina chess follows the same rules as standard chess, except that all the pawns are replaced by Berolina pawns. A number of tournaments have been conducted, including a correspondence event in 1957.

Strategy implications

Pritchard writes, "Pawns have greater mobility and can concentrate in the , a common opening strategy."

Example game

Ralph Betza vs. Will Viveiros; NOST tournament (1977) 1.ac4 ec5 2.d5 df5 3.bd4 Nc6 4.Bb2 Nf6 5.de3 e4 6.hf4 exe3 7.exe3 Ng4 8.Qd2 Qf6 9.Ne2 Nce5 10.Bc1 h6 11.ce4 Nc4 12.Qc3 Qg5 13.g3 Nf6 14.Nd2 Nxd2 15.Bxd2 f5 16.fe5 Nh5 17.d6 c6 (diagram) 18.e5 Qg7 19.Nd4 g4 20.Bb5 gxg3 21.Nxc6 cxc6 22.Bxc6+ Ke7 23.Bxa8 Ba6 24.c7 | tleft | |rd| |bd| |kd|bd| |rd |hd| |hd| | |hd| | | | |hd|hl| | | |hd | | |hd|hl| |hd|qd|nd | | | |hl|hl| | | | | |ql| |hl| |hl| | | | |bl|nl| |hl| |rl| | | |kl|bl| |rl | Position after 17...c6

Related pawn variants

Two famous pawn variants also used in problem compositions are the Berolina Plus and the sergeant.

• The Berolina Plus can move and capture the same as the Berolina pawn; in addition, it can capture one square horizontally (see first diagram).
• The sergeant combines the standard chess pawn and the Berolina pawn, excluding the Berolina pawn's two-square move; that is, it can move to, or capture on, any of the three squares immediately in front (see second diagram), and it can move two squares straight forward without capturing on its first move. It can be captured en passant, but it cannot capture en passant.

Notes

References

Bibliography

• {{cite book |orig-date=First pub. 1992
• {{cite book
• {{cite book |editor-last=Beasley |editor-first=John

References

1. Dickins, Anthony. (1971). "A Guide to Fairy Chess". [[Dover Publications]] Inc.
2. Pritchard (2007), p. 59: "Tournaments have been held, combination games have been tried, and 'Berolina pawns' have long been popular with problemists. (''Funkschack'', August 1926)"
3. ''Funkschach'', 15 August 1926
4. Hooper & Whyld (1996), p. 38
5. Pritchard (1994), p. 21
6. Pritchard (1994), p. 22
7. Since a pawn attacks or defends only one square, their attacking ability is less, and diagonal {{chessgloss. pawn chains cannot be formed, resulting in frequent [[open file]]s. Pawns are especially dangerous in the [[Chess endgame. endgame]] since the route to [[Promotion (chess). promotion]] is easier. [[Draw (chess). Draws]] in Berolina chess are rare.Pritchard (1994), pp. 21–22
8. Pritchard (1994), p. 210