Beit Ula

Location

Beit Ula is located 10 km (horizontally) on the highlands north-west of Hebron. It is bordered by Nuba to the north, Umm 'Allas to the west, and Tarqumiyah to the south. The valley of el-Yehudi ("valley of the Jews"), also known in Hebrew as the Nahal haEla ("Ela stream"), lies to the east.

History

Biblical and Talmudic connection

The PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) suggested several possible Biblical and Talmudic connections.

Ottoman period

While Beit Ula was mentioned in lists from the early part of the 16th century, there is no evidence of settlement in the second half of the 16th century. However, it was resettled at a later period. Its residents originated in the nearby Beit Nazzib (PAL 150/110) and Beit Kanun (151/111), today part of Um 'Alas, a neighborhood of Beit Ulla). It became a regional center in the 19th century.

In the Ottoman census of 932 AH/1525-1526 CE, Bayt Awla was noted as mazraa land, that is cultivated land, located in the nahiya of Halil.

In 1838, Edward Robinson noted Beit Ula as a Muslim village, between the mountains and Gaza, but subject to the government of Hebron. It was one of a cluster of villages at the foot of a mountain, together with Kharas and Nuba.

Socin, citing an official Ottoman village list compiled around 1870, noted that Betula, located north east of Tarqumiyah, had 51 houses and a population of 207, though the population count included men, only. Hartmann found that Bet Ula had 80 houses.

In 1883 the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described Beit Aula as "a small village standing on a spur surrounded with olives. It has a well on the west in the valley, a mile away.”

British Mandate

In the 1922 census of Palestine, conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Beit Ula had a population of 825 inhabitants, all Muslims, increasing in the 1931 census to 1,045, still entirely Muslim, in 217 inhabited houses. In the latter census it was counted with Kh. Beit Kanun, Kh. Hawala and Kh. Tawas.

In the 1945 statistics the population of Beit Ula was 1,310 Muslims, and the total land area was 24,045 dunams of land according to an official land and population survey. Of this, 1,324 dunams were plantations and irrigable land, 8,747 were for cereals, while 71 dunams were built-up (urban) land.

File:Nuba 1945.jpg|Beit Ula (Beit Aula), British Mandate map, 1:20,000 File:Surif 1945.jpg|Beit Ula (Beit Aula) 1945 1:250,000

Jordanian rule

In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Beit Ula came under Jordanian rule. It was annexed by Jordan in 1950.

In 1961, the population of Beit Aula was 1,677.

Post-1967

Since the Six-Day War in 1967, Beit Ula has been under Israeli occupation.

According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the town had a population of 10,885 inhabitants in 2007. The town had a population of 14,537 in 2017.

Beit Ula has a total land area of 22,432 dunams, of which 74.5% is located in Area B (Palestinian National Authority (PNA) is in control of civil affairs and Israel's responsible for security) and 25.5% is located in Area C (complete Israeli control).

References

Bibliography

References

1. (February 2018). "Preliminary Results of the Population, Housing and Establishments Census, 2017". [[State of Palestine]].
2. Palmer, 1881, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp00conduoft#page/388/mode/1up 388]
3. ''Beit Aula'' may be derived from "Bethul" or "Bethuel" or "Bethel" (not the well-known [[Bethel]] of Benjamin) mentioned in several biblical passages. Particularly, Beit Ula could be Bethel of [[Tribe of Judah. Judah]], referenced in [[Lamentations Rabbah]] as one of the three stations set up by [[Hadrian]] to catch fugitives from [[Betar (ancient village). Bethar]]. Conder and Kitchener, 1883, SWP III, pp. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp03conduoft#page/302/mode/1up 302]–303
4. Grossman, D. "The expansion of the settlement frontier of Hebron's western and southern fringes". ''[[Geography Research Forum]]'', 5, 1982, p. 62.
5. Grossman, D. (1986). "Oscillations in the Rural Settlement of Samaria and Judaea in the Ottoman Period". in '''Shomron studies'''. Dar, S., Safrai, S., (eds). Tel Aviv: Hakibbutz Hameuchad Publishing House. p. 368
6. Toledano, 1984, p. 301, has ''Bayt Awla'' at location 31°35′50″N, 35°01′20″E
7. Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, Appendix 2, p. [https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearch03robiuoft#page/117/mode/1up 117]
8. Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 2, pp. [https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearc00smitgoog#page/n364/mode/1up 342], [https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearc00smitgoog#page/n448/mode/1up 426]
9. Socin, 1879, p. [https://archive.org/stream/zeitschriftdesde01deut#page/148/mode/1up 148] It was noted in the Hebron district
10. Hartmann, 1883, p. [https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_BZobAQAAIAAJ#page/n951/mode/1up 143]
11. Barron, 1923, Table V, Sub-district of Hebron, p. [https://archive.org/stream/PalestineCensus1922/Palestine%20Census%20%281922%29#page/n12/mode/1up 10]
12. Mills, 1932, p. [https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas 27]
13. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. [http://users.cecs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/VSpages/VS1945_p23.jpg 23]
14. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20I/Hebron/Page-050.jpg 50]
15. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20II/Hebron/Page-093.jpg 93]
16. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20III/Hebron/Page-143.jpg 143]
17. Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, p. [http://users.cecs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/JordanCensusPages/JordanCensus1961-p22.pdf 22]
18. [http://www.pcbs.gov.ps/Portals/_PCBS/Downloads/book1487.pdf 2007 PCBS Census] [[Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics]]. p.118.
19. link. (July 14, 2009 Applied Research Institute - Jerusalem. 2008-01-18)