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Battle of Pine Bluff

1863 battle of the American Civil War

Summary

1863 battle of the American Civil War

Field	Value
conflict	Battle of Pine Bluff
partof	the American Civil War
date
place	Pine Bluff, Arkansas
coordinates
result	Union victory
combatant1	United States (Union)
combatant2	Confederate States
commander1	United States Powell Clayton
commander2	CSA John S. Marmaduke
units1	Post of Pine Bluff
units2	Marmaduke's Division
strength1	550 cavalry and militia,
300 freedmen,
9 guns
strength2	2,000 cavalry,
12 guns
casualties1	16 dead and 40 wounded or missing
casualties2	41 dead, wounded or missing
map_type	Arkansas
map_size	280
map_label	Pine Bluff
map_relief	Yes
map_caption	Location in Arkansas
campaignbox

300 freedmen, 9 guns 12 guns The Battle of Pine Bluff was fought on October 25, 1863, in Pine Bluff, Arkansas, during the American Civil War. The Post of Pine Bluff, a U.S. garrison commanded by Colonel Powell Clayton, successfully defended the town against attacks led by Confederate Brigadier-General John S. Marmaduke's cavalry division. Much of the fighting took place near the Jefferson County Courthouse, which the Confederates tried unsuccessfully to set ablaze. The Union victory ensured Pine Bluff was occupied by Federal troops until the end of the Civil War.

Background

After the capture of Little Rock on September 10, 1863, Federal troops occupied several towns along the Arkansas. Confederate Brigadier-General John S. Marmaduke, commanding a cavalry division, decided to test their strength at Pine Bluff. On Sunday, October 25, Marmaduke attacked the Post of Pine Bluff, a U.S. garrison commanded by Colonel Powell Clayton of the 5th Kansas Cavalry.

Battle

At 8 a.m., Marmaduke's 2,000 Confederate cavalry approached Pine Bluff from three sides. The 550 federal cavalrymen and Missouri militia, supported by 300 freedmen, barricaded the court-house square with cotton-bales and positioned the cannon to command the adjacent streets. Marmaduke's Division made several attacks upon the square, then attempted to set the county court-house on fire. They were unsuccessful and withdrew to Princeton, Arkansas.

References

The Conservation Fund. (1998). "The Civil War Battlefield Guide". [[Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
(2000). "Reluctant Connoneer: The Diary of Robert T. McMahan of the Twenty-fifth Independent Ohio Light Artillery". Camp Pope Bookshop.

Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

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