Bartholomew Fair

Description

Granted by charter from King Henry I to Rahere to fund the Priory of St Bartholomew in 1133, the fair became London's most important fair, it took place each year on 24 August within the precincts of the Priory at West Smithfield, outside Aldersgate of the City of London. The site of Bartholomew Fair was the south-east side of Smithfield roundabout and was originally a cloth fair. Originally chartered as a three-day event, it would last a full two weeks in the 17th century; but in 1691, it was shortened to only four days. With a change in the calendar, the fair commenced on 3 September from 1753.

It was customary for the Lord Mayor of London to open the fair on St Bartholomew's Eve. The Mayor would stop at Newgate Prison to accept a cup of sack (fortified white wine) from the governor. The Merchant Taylors Guild processed to Cloth Fair to test the measures for cloth, using their standard silver yard, until 1854. The annual fair grew to become the chief cloth sale in the kingdom.

By 1641, the fair had achieved international importance. It had outgrown the former location along Cloth Fair, and around the Priory graveyard to now cover four parishes: Christ Church, Great and Little St Bartholomew’s and St Sepulchre’s. The fair featured sideshows, prize-fighters, musicians, wire-walkers, acrobats, puppets, freaks and wild animals.

The fair was suppressed in 1855 by the City authorities for encouraging debauchery and public disorder.{{cite journal

In literature and art

The Bartholomew Fair is the setting for Bartholomew Fair, a play by Ben Jonson. Samuel Pepys wrote about the fair in his diary. John Evelyn also refers in his diary to having visited "the celebrated follies of Bartholomew Fair" on 16 August 1648 . In Daniel Defoe's Moll Flanders (1722) the heroine meets a well-dressed gentleman at the fair. In Wordsworth's The Prelude (1805) mention is made of the din and the Indians and dwarfs at the fair. The Bartholomew Fair of 1845 features as the primary location of The Wireless Theatre Company's "The Carnival Of Horrors", the second episode of "The Springheel Saga, Series Two: The Legend of Springheel'd Jack".

References

;Attribution

References

1. Mount, Toni. (2014-03-15). "Everyday Life in Medieval London: From the Anglo-Saxons to the Tudors". Amberley Publishing Limited.
2. Morley, Henry. (1859). "Memoirs of Bartholomew Fair".
3. Walford, Cornelius. (1883). "Fairs, Past and Present". B. Franklin.
4. City of London. "Smithfield Market".
5. (1825). "The Newgate Calendar". J. Robins & Co..
6. Glinert, E., ''Literary London: A Street by Street Exploration of the Capital's Literary Heritage,'' Penguin, 2007
7. "THE LEGEND OF SPRINGHEEL'D JACK, Series Two, Episode Two". Yes.