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Barter Island

Island in Alaska, United States

Summary

Island in Alaska, United States

Barter Island is an island located on the Arctic coast of the U.S. state of Alaska, east of Arey Island in the Beaufort Sea. It is about four miles (6 km) long and about two miles (3 km) wide at its widest point.

Until the late 19th century, Barter Island was a major trade center for the Inupiat people and was especially important as a bartering place for Inupiat from Alaska and Inuit from Canada, hence its name.

At one time before about 1900, there had been a large whaling village on Barter Island. Tradition has it that the Alaska Inupiat drove the villagers, Canadian Inupiat, from the island in about 1900.

In about 1919, trader Tom Gordon and his wife, Mary Agiaq Gordon, moved from Barrow to Barter Island with their family, some relatives, friends, and their families. Mary's younger brother, Andrew Akootchook, helped to choose the location for the trading post, because of its good harbor and convenient and accessible location for hunting on land and sea. Tom Gordon and the settlers built a trading post at the site and a few families settled near Gordon's trading post.

DEW Line (Distant Early Warning)

Starting in March 1953, a runway and Distant Early Warning Line radar station were built on the island by Western Electric Company, augmented by U.S. Navy sealift and U.S. Air Force Douglas C-124 Globemaster II heavy-lift aircraft. This would be the operational test & evaluation (prototype) installation proving site for the DEW Line facilities that were to later fan out across Alaska, Canada, Greenland, and Iceland. The site was completed in November 1953 to meet requirements for testing in 1954, during which the Air Force conducted evaluation studies. In September 1954, Western Electric was contracted to complete the rest of the DEW Line.

Modern history

Time-lapse video from [[USGS]] of bluff [[erosion]] on Barter Island, Alaska

Several families settled near the runway and the area around the runway was incorporated in 1971 as the City of Kaktovik.

In 1970 3 sounding rockets of Nike-Tomahawk type were launched there for high-altitude research.

Climate

Barter Island has a tundra climate (Köppen: ETf), with long winters and warm but short summer days. |Jan record high F = 39 |Feb record high F = 37 |Mar record high F = 36 |Apr record high F = 43 |May record high F = 52 |Jun record high F = 68 |Jul record high F = 78 |Aug record high F = 72 |Sep record high F = 66 |Oct record high F = 49 |Nov record high F = 41 |Dec record high F = 37 |year record high F = 78 |Jan avg record high F = 19.7 |Feb avg record high F = 13.2 |Mar avg record high F = 14.0 |Apr avg record high F = 27.3 |May avg record high F = 40.6 |Jun avg record high F = 54.6 |Jul avg record high F = 63.6 |Aug avg record high F = 60.0 |Sep avg record high F = 50.0 |Oct avg record high F = 34.1 |Nov avg record high F = 23.9 |Dec avg record high F = 22.4 |year avg record high F = 65.5 |Jan avg record low F = -39.3 |Feb avg record low F = -45.3 |Mar avg record low F = -40.6 |Apr avg record low F = -30.7 |May avg record low F = -1.6 |Jun avg record low F = 23.6 |Jul avg record low F = 28.8 |Aug avg record low F = 27.3 |Sep avg record low F = 16.3 |Oct avg record low F = -11.1 |Nov avg record low F = -27.9 |Dec avg record low F = -38.3 |year avg record low F = -48.5 |Jan record low F = -54 |Feb record low F = -59 |Mar record low F = -51 |Apr record low F = -44 |May record low F = -16 |Jun record low F = 9 |Jul record low F = 24 |Aug record low F = 20 |Sep record low F = 4 |Oct record low F = -26 |Nov record low F = -51 |Dec record low F = -51 |year record low F = -59 |access-date = January 27, 2024 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240127104249/https://wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliNORMtM.pl?ak0558 |archive-date = 2024-01-27}}

Demographics

See Kaktovik.

References

[https://web.archive.org/web/20080829151734/http://www.astronautix.com/sites/barsland.htm Barter Island] page at [https://web.archive.org/web/20010721175730/http://astronautix.com/ Encyclopedia Astronautica]
[https://xmacis.rcc-acis.org/ XMACIS]

Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

islands-of-alaska islands-of-the-beaufort-sea islands-of-north-slope-borough,-alaska

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