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Barremian
Fourth age and stage of the Early/Lower Cretaceous
Fourth age and stage of the Early/Lower Cretaceous
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| name | Barremian |
| color | Barremian |
| time_start | 125.77 |
| time_end | 121.4 |
| time_end_uncertainty | 0.6 |
| image_outcrop | StratotypeBarremienA.JPG |
| caption_outcrop | Barremian sedimentary rock layers, France |
| timeline | Cretaceous |
| name_formality | Formal |
| celestial_body | earth |
| usage | Global (ICS) |
| timescales_used | ICS Time Scale |
| chrono_unit | Age |
| strat_unit | Stage |
| timespan_formality | Formal |
| lower_boundary_def | Not formally defined |
| lower_def_candidates | FAD of the Spitidiscus hugii-Spitidiscus vandeckii Ammonite group |
| lower_gssp_candidates | Río Argos, Caravaca de la Cruz, Murcia Province, Spain |
| upper_boundary_def | Not formally defined |
| upper_gssp_candidates | Gorgo a Cerbara, Piobbico, Central Apennines, Italy |
- Base of magnetic polarity chronozone M0r.
- Near FAD of the Ammonite Paradeshayesites oglanlensis
The Barremian is an age in the geologic timescale (or a chronostratigraphic stage) between 125.77 Ma (million years ago) and 121.4 ± 0.6 Ma (Historically, this stage was placed at 129.4 million to approximately 125 million years ago). It is a subdivision of the Early Cretaceous Epoch (or Lower Cretaceous Series). It is preceded by the Hauterivian and followed by the Aptian Stage.
Stratigraphic definitions
The original type locality for the Barremian Stage is in the vicinity of the village of Barrême, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, France. Henri Coquand defined the stage and named it in 1873.
The base of the Barremian is determined by the first appearance of the ammonites Spitidiscus hugii and Spitidiscus vandeckii. The end of the Barremian is determined by the geomagnetic reversal at the start of the M0r chronozone, which is biologically near the first appearance of the ammonite Paradeshayesites oglanlensis.
Regional equivalents
The Barremian falls in the Gallic epoch, a subdivision of the Cretaceous that is no longer used by the ICS. It overlaps the lower part of the stage, which is sometimes used in western European stratigraphy. In North America, the late Coahulian and the early Comanchean correspond to the Barremian. In New Zealand, it falls within the Mokoiwian, and in Japan it corresponds to the late Aritan.
Subdivision{{Citation needed|date=February 2024|reason=Citation needed for the entire above section, where none are provided}}
The Barremian is often subdivided into two substages or subages, Lower/Early and Upper/Late Barremian.
In the Tethys domain, the Barremian stage contains eleven ammonite biozones:
- zone of Pseudocrioceras waagenoides
- zone of Colchidites sarasini
- zone of Imerites giraudi
- zone of Hemihoplites feraudianus
- zone of Gerhardtia sertousi
- zone of Ancyloceras vandenheckii
- zone of Coronites darsi
- zone of Kotetishvilia compressissima
- zone of Nicklesia pulchella
- zone of Nicklesia nicklesi
- zone of Spitidiscus hugii
References
Notes
Literature
- (1907): Le Barrémien supérieur à faciès Urgonien de Brouzet-lès-Alais (Gard). Mémoires de la Société Géologique de France, Paléontologie 15(37): 5-42.
- ; (2004): A Geologic Time Scale 2004, Cambridge University Press.
- (2006): Assessment of diachronism of biostratigraphic boundaries by magnetochronological calibration of zonal scales for the Lower Cretaceous of the Tethyan and Boreal belts. Doklady Earth Sciences 409(6): 843-846.
References
- Cohen, K.M., Finney, S.C., Gibbard, P.L. & Fan, J.-X. (2023; updated) [https://stratigraphy.org/ICSchart/ChronostratChart2023-04.pdf The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart]. Episodes 36: 199-204.
- (March 2020). "ICS-Geological Timescale".
- See Gradstein ''et al.'' (2004) or the online geowhen database (link below)
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