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Bacterial leaf scorch

Bacterial disease of plants

Bacterial leaf scorch
Summary

Bacterial disease of plants

FieldValue
nameBacterial leaf scorch
image2013-05-04 14 07 38 Large Pin Oak (Quercus palustris) stricken with bacterial leaf scorch during leaf-out near the house at 988 Terrace Boulevard in Ewing, New Jersey.JPG
captionLarge pin oak (Quercus palustris) stricken with bacterial leaf scorch during leaf-out
common_namesBLS
hoststrees and crops
causal_agentsXylella fastidiosa
vectorsleafhoppers

Bacterial leaf scorch (BLS), or bacterial leaf spot, is a disease state affecting many crops, caused mainly by the xylem-plugging bacterium Xylella fastidiosa. It can be mistaken for ordinary leaf scorch caused by cultural practices such as over-fertilization.

Hosts

BLS can be found on a wide variety of hosts, ranging from ornamental trees (elm, maple, oak) and shrubs, to crop species including blueberry and almond.

  • Xylella fastidiosa is known to cause BLS in a very wide range of plants. Each of its subspecies has have a different host range.
    • The multiplex subspecies causes BLS of pecans.
  • Bacterial spot of peppers and tomatoes is caused by the bacteria Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria, which has since been divided into four pathovars in three species.
  • Bacterial spot of peaches is caused by the bacteria Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni. It also infects almonds. Spots may form on the leaves and they can be mistaken for peach scab, which is caused by a fungus.

Symptoms

An irregular browning leaf margin which may or may not be bordered by a pale halo.

Pin oak leaves with symptoms of bacterial leaf scorch

Symptoms re-occur every year, spreading throughout the tree crown, eventually killing the host plant.

Vectors

Xylem-feeding leafhoppers can transmit the disease bacteria. In general, any xylem-feeding insect can transmit the disease.

Treatment

There are no known effective treatments for BLS, consequently, removal of affected plants is recommended.

References

References

  1. "Forest Health Protection - Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry".
  2. (July 2024). "Update of the Xylella spp. host plant database – Systematic literature search up to 31 December 2023". EFSA Journal.
  3. "Xanthomonas euvesicatoria pv. euvesicatoria (XANTEU)[Overview]{{!}} EPPO Global Database".
  4. (September 2018). "Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni , causal agent of bacterial spot of stone fruits and almond: its genomic and phenotypic characteristics in the X. arboricola species context". Molecular Plant Pathology.
  5. "BACTERIAL LEAF SCORCH OF SHADE TREES".
  6. (2021). "Introduction and adaptation of an emerging pathogen to olive trees in Italy". Microbial Genomics.
Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

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