Azzun Atma

Location

‘Azzun ‘Atma is located 8.82 km south of Qalqiliya. It is bordered by Mas-ha and Sha'arei Tikva to the east, Az Zawiya to the south, Oranit to the west, and Beit ‘Amin and ‘Izbat Salman to the north.

History

Potsherds from the Iron Age II, Persian, Hellenistic, Byzantine, Byzantine/Umayyad, Crusader/Ayyubid and Mamluk eras have been found. Old stones have been reused in homes, and the mosque is possibly an old church.

Ottoman era

The place appeared in 1596 Ottoman tax registers as 'Azzun, being in the Nahiya of Jabal Qubal of the Liwa of Nablus. It had a population of 29 households and 2 bachelors, all Muslim. The villagers paid a fixed tax rate of 33,3%, on wheat, barley, summer crops, olives, goats and beehives; a total of 4,200 akçe. Potsherds from the early Ottoman era have also been found here.

The village was abanonded in the 17th century due to internal conflicts.

When the French explorer Victor Guérin visited the place in 1870 it was described it as a large Arab village, then deserted. Many small, square houses were still partly standing, and near the mosque he noticed old columns and large stone from older buildings. Old fig trees and beautiful mimosa were scattered through the ruins. In the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (1882), it is also described as a "ruined village".

British Mandate era

Azzun Atma was resettled in the early 20th century by people from Sanniriya. In 1931, it was recorded as a khirbet of Sanniriya.

Jordanian Era

In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Azzun Atma came under Jordanian rule.

Post-1967

Since the Six-Day War in 1967, Azzun Atma has been under Israeli occupation.

After the 1995 accords, about 3.8% of village land was classified as Area B, the remaining 96.2% as Area C. Israel has confiscated 2,689 dunams of village land in order to construct three Israeli settlements of Sha'are Tikva, Oranit and Zamarot (Zamarot becoming part of Oranit), in addition to land for the Israeli West Bank barrier, which almost entirely surrounds Azzun Atma, and which also isolate the village from much of its remaining land behind the wall.

References

Bibliography

References

1. (February 2018). "Preliminary Results of the Population, Housing and Establishments Census, 2017". [[State of Palestine]].
2. Palmer, 1881, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp00conduoft#page/225/mode/1up 225]
3. [http://www.pcbs.gov.ps/Portals/_pcbs/phc_97/qal_t6.aspx Palestinian Population by Locality and Refugee Status] [[Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics]]
4. "Updates".
5. [http://vprofile.arij.org/qalqiliya/pdfs/vprofile/azzunatma_vp_en.pdf ‘Azzun ‘Atma Village Profile], ARIJ, p. 4
6. Finkelstein et al., 1997, p. 290
7. Dauphin, 1998, p. 808
8. Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 135
9. Grossman, D. (1986). "Oscillations in the Rural Settlement of Samaria and Judaea in the Ottoman Period". in '''Shomron studies'''. Dar, S., Safrai, S., (eds). Tel Aviv: Hakibbutz Hameuchad Publishing House. p. 347
10. Guérin, 1875, pp. [https://archive.org/stream/descriptiongogr04gugoog#page/n168/mode/1up 143]-144
11. Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp02conduoft#page/305/mode/1up 305]
12. [http://vprofile.arij.org/qalqiliya/pdfs/vprofile/azzunatma_vp_en.pdf ‘Azzun ‘Atma Village Profile], ARIJ, p. 15
13. [http://vprofile.arij.org/qalqiliya/pdfs/vprofile/azzunatma_vp_en.pdf ‘Azzun ‘Atma Village Profile], ARIJ, p. 16