Audiencia Nacional

Structure

The Audiencia is composed of its President, the Presidents of the Chambers, and the magistrates that the law specifies for each one of its courts and divisions.

The Audiencia includes the following chambers:

• Criminal Chamber, which is competent to try certain types of serious crimes such as terrorism, money laundering, genocide, etc., makes decisions about extradition demands by foreign countries and the execution of European arrest warrants, and hears appeals against rulings of the Central Criminal Courts (Juzgados Centrales de lo Penal).
• Appeals Chamber, which hears appeals against rulings of the Criminal Chamber.
• Administrative Chamber, which exercises judicial review of administrative decisions by senior officers (Ministers and Secretaries of State of the Government) and certain specialised agencies (Spanish Data Protection Agency, Concurrence Protection Commission, etc.)
• Social Chamber, which has jurisdiction over collective conflicts between businesspersons and workers.

Related courts

Even when they are not part of the National Court, because they are in the same building, the Central Courts are popularly considered part of it. These courts have jurisdiction in all the national territory.

1. Central Criminal Courts (LOPJ § 89 bis). They prosecute the same crimes as the Criminal Chamber when they have sentence of less than five years of prison.
2. Central Instruction Courts (LOPJ § 88). These courts investigate the crimes that are then prosecuted by the Criminal Chamber of the National Court or the Central Criminal Courts.
3. Central Courts of Prison Vigilance (LOPJ § 94.4). They attend to the enforcement of the penalties imposed by the National Court or the Central Criminal Court
4. Central Minors Courts (LOPJ § 96.2). They prosecutes the same crimes as the National Court and the Central Criminal Court but when minors are accused.
5. Central Administrative Courts (LOPJ § 90.4). These courts a responsible for the appeals against dispositions and acts emanated from authorities, organisms, organs and public entities with competence over the national territory.

Prosecutor's Office

Main article: Prosecution Ministry

The Prosecutor's Office of the National Court is the body of the Attorney General's Office that prosecute all the cases related to the National Court with the exception of those cases granted to the Special Prosecution Offices (Anti-Drug Prosecutor's Office and Prosecutor's Office against Corruption and Organized Crime).

The Prosecutor's Office, and the Special Prosecution Offices are each one by a Chief Prosecutor and with a Lieutenant Prosecutor as second-in-command.

Public Prosecutor's Office

The Public Prosecutor's Office of the National High Court is the body that exercises the functions of the Public Prosecutor's Office before this court and before the Central Courts. It is therefore involved in all criminal, contentious-administrative, and social proceedings heard by the National High Court and the Central Courts, except those that fall within the jurisdiction of the Special Anti-Drug Prosecutor's Office and the Special Anti-Corruption Prosecutor's Office. This prosecutor's office is composed of a Chief Prosecutor of the first category, a Deputy Prosecutor of the second category, and 16 prosecutors of the second category.

In terms of its organization, the Prosecutor's Office distributes the work among different services and coordination units. As of 2023, the departments of this prosecutor's office were: Deputy Prosecutor and Spokesperson; Terrorism; Economic Crimes; Prison Surveillance; Minors; Victim Support and ERE; International Cooperation; Immigration, Human Trafficking, and Universal Justice; European Arrest Warrants, Extraditions, Jurisprudence, and Documentation; Administrative and Social Litigation; Unsolved Crimes; Investigative and Pre-trial Proceedings.

The Public Prosecutor's Office has its headquarters at the National Court, with some

References

References

1. "Organic Act of the Judiciary of 1985".
2. "Qué es la Sala de Gobierno {{!}} CGPJ {{!}} Poder Judicial {{!}} Audiencia Nacional {{!}} Sala de Gobierno".
3. (2024-10-30). "Real Decreto 1100/2024, de 29 de octubre, por el que se amplía y modifica la plantilla orgánica del Ministerio Fiscal para adecuarla a las necesidades existentes". Ministerio de la Presidencia, Justicia y Relaciones con las Cortes.
4. (2023). "Memoria de la Fiscalía de la Audiencia Nacional".