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Aponeurotic fibroma

Rare fibrous tumor usually present on the hands or feet

Field	Value
synonyms	Calcifying aponeurotic fibroma, juvenile aponeurotic fibroma
image	Histopathology of calcifying aponeurotic fibroma.png
caption	Histopathology of a calcifying aponeurotic fibroma from a finger, H&E stain.
specialty

Aponeurotic fibroma, also known as calcifying aponeurotic fibroma, and juvenile aponeurotic fibroma is characterized by a lesion that usually presents as a painless, solitary, deep fibrous nodule, often adherent to tendon, fascia, or periosteum, on the hands and feet. The World Health Organization in 2020 reclassified aponeurotic fibroma nodules as a specific benign type of the fibroblastic and myofibroblastic tumors. Aponeurotic fibromas are diagnosed based on histopathology and treated by surgical excision. They are more common in males than females.

Signs and symptoms

Aponeurotic fibroma occurs most frequently in the fingers, palms, and soles of the distal extremities. Typically, the tumor is defined as a smaller than 3 cm diameter, firm, non-tender mass that grows slowly. It is prone to infiltrate the surrounding tissue and, following surgical resection, is more likely to recur locally.

Diagnosis

A histological examination is necessary to make a diagnosis. Histologically, the tumor is characterized by fibroblast growth and calcification.

Imaging results include edematous alterations and subcutaneous neoplastic tumors with hazy margins that appear to be encroaching on the surrounding tissues. The fascia and tendon sheath are next to the tumor. While T2WI displays heterogeneous signals, T1WI displays signals that are hypointense to isointense. Additionally, there is heterogeneous contrast enhancement.

Treatment

The treatment of choice for an aponeurotic fibroma is surgical excision.

Epidemiology

Aponeurotic fibroma is a rare tumor. The tumor often manifests in the first or second decade of life, while examples have been documented at birth and 67 years of age. Patients who are male are impacted twice as frequently as those who are female.

References

Freedberg, et al. (2003). ''Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine''. (6th ed.). Page 989. McGraw-Hill. {{ISBN. 0-07-138076-0.
(April 2021). "The 2020 WHO Classification of Soft Tissue Tumours: news and perspectives". Pathologica.
Le, Keasbey. (1953). "Juvenile aponeurotic fibroma (calcifying fibroma); a distinctive tumor arising in the palms and soles of young children". Cancer.
(2014). "Calcifying Aponeurotic Fibroma: Case Report with Radiographic and MR Features". The Korean Society of Radiology.
(2017). "Calcifying aponeurotic fibroma in a girl: MRI findings and their chronological changes". Elsevier BV.
(2008). "Clinical significance of magnetic resonance imaging in the preoperative differential diagnosis of calcifying aponeurotic fibroma". Elsevier BV.
(2014-07-11). "Calcifying aponeurotic fibroma of the finger in an elderly patient: CT and MRI findings with pathologic correlation". Spandidos Publications.
(2011). "Calcifying aponeurotic fibroma of the elbow: a case report". University of Tokushima Faculty of Medicine.

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

dermal-and-subcutaneous-growths connective-and-soft-tissue-neoplasms rare-diseases benign-neoplasms

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