Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe group

History

The ALDE Group traced its unofficial ancestry back to the Liberal members present at the first meeting of the Common Assembly of the European Coal and Steel Community (the Parliament's predecessor) on 10 September 1952, but the Group was officially founded as the Group of Liberals and Allies on 23 June 1953.

As the Assembly grew into the Parliament, the French Gaullists split from the Group on 21 January 1965 and the Group started the process of changing its name to match the liberal/centrist traditions of the new member states, firstly to the Liberal and Democratic Group in 1976, then to the Liberal and Democratic Reformist Group on 13 December 1985, then to the Group of the European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party on 19 July 1994 to match the European political party of the same name.

In 1999, the Group partnered with European People's Party–European Democrats (EPP-ED) group to form an informal coalition for the Fifth Parliament. This included supporting the EPP's candidate for President of the Parliament in 1999 and the ALDE candidate in 2002. This meant that the Group secured its first President of the European Parliament since Simone Veil, when Pat Cox was elected to the post to serve the latter half of the Parliament's five-year term. This arrangement was discontinued after the 2009 election, when the EPP and the socialist S&D Group formed an informal Grand Coalition.

On 13 July 2004, the Group approved a recommendation to unite with MEPs from the centrist political party at the European level called the European Democratic Party (EDP) founded by François Bayrou's Union for French Democracy, the Labour Party of Lithuania and Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy of Italy.

The Group accordingly became the Group of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE) on 20 July 2004, to match the eponymous transnational political alliance, although the two European-level parties remained separate outside the European Parliament. The MEP Graham Watson of the British Liberal Democrats became the first chair of ALDE.

In May 2019, speaking at a debate leading up to the 2019 European Parliament election, ALDE President Guy Verhofstadt announced that following the election, the group would form a new, centrist alliance with Emmanuel Macron's "Renaissance" list and be renamed as Renew Europe.

Membership

Membership by party in Sixth, Seventh and Eighth Parliaments

The national parties that are members of ALDE are as follows:

Membership at formation

In September 1952, the third-largest grouping in the Common Assembly was the Liberal grouping with 11 members. The Group of Liberals and Allies was officially founded on 23 June 1953. By mid-September 1953, it was again the third-largest Group with 10 members.

Structure

Subgroups

ALDE was a coalition of liberal and centrist MEPs. It did not have formal subgroups, although the MEPs fell naturally into two informal subgroups, depending on whether they associated with the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party or the European Democratic Party.

Organisation

The Bureau was the main decision making body of the ALDE Group and is composed of the leaders of the delegations from each member state that elects ALDE MEPs. The Bureau oversaw the ALDE Group's main strategy and policies and was headed by a chair (referred to as the Leader). The day-to-day running of the Group was performed by its secretariat, led by its Secretary-General.

The senior staff of ALDE as of July 2012 were as follows:

The chairs of ALDE and its predecessors from 1953 to 2019 are as follows:

Academic analysis

Along with the other political groups, ALDE has been analysed by academics on its positions regarding various issues. In short, it's a group of cohesive, gender-balanced centrist Euroneutrals that cooperate most closely with the EPP, are ambiguous on hypothetical EU taxes and supportive of eventual full Turkish accession to the European Union.

References

References

1. Nordsieck, Wolfram. (2019). "European Union".
2. Slomp, Hans. (2011-09-26). "Europe, A Political Profile: An American Companion to European Politics". ABC-CLIO.
3. Andreas Staab. (2011). "The European Union Explained, Second Edition: Institutions, Actors, Global Impact". Indiana University Press.
4. Tapio Raunio. (2012). "The Institutions of the European Union". Oxford University Press.
5. (2013). "A Dictionary of the European Union". Routledge.
6. Baume, Maïa de La. (2019-06-12). "Macron-Liberal alliance to be named Renew Europe".
7. (12 June 2019). "[Ticker] Liberal Alde rename themselves 'Renew Europe'".
8. "Composition of the Common Assembly (10–13 September 1952)". CVCE.
9. "ALDE on Europe Politique". Europe-politique.eu.
10. "UFE on Europe Politique". Europe-politique.eu.
11. "Political Groups of the European Parliament". Kas.de.
12. {{EP MEP info/archive. 1174. Simone Veil
13. "Group names 1999". Europarl.europa.eu.
14. (2019-05-03). "Frenzy in Firenze: 4 takeaways from EU lead candidate debate". Politico.
15. "Directorate-General for the Presidency - CARDOC unit and archives - Description of the main holdings and collections".
16. "Position of the political groups in mid-September 1953". CVCE.
17. "ALDE website article "Bureau"". Alde.eu.