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Alcohol oxidase

Class of enzymes

Summary

Class of enzymes

Field	Value
Name	alcohol oxidase
EC_number	1.1.3.13
CAS_number	9073-63-6
GO_code	0047639
image	5i68.jpg
width	270
caption	Alcohol oxidase homooctamer, Komagataella pastoris

: a primary alcohol + O2 \rightleftharpoons an aldehyde + H2O2

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are primary alcohol and O2, whereas its two products are aldehyde and H2O2.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of the donor with oxygen as the acceptor. It employs one cofactor, FAD.

Name

The systematic name of this enzyme class is alcohol:oxygen oxidoreductase. This enzyme is also called methanol oxidase and ethanol oxidase. Sometimes, this enzyme is called short-chain alcohol oxidase (SCAO) to differentiate it from long-chain-alcohol oxidase (LCAO), aryl-alcohol oxidase (AAO) and secondary-alcohol oxidase (SAO).

Reaction

Alcohol oxidases catalyzes the oxidation of primary alcohols to their corresponding aldehydes. Unlike alcohol dehydrogenases, they are unable to catalyze the reverse reaction. This is reflected in their cofactor as well—unlike alcohol dehydrogenases, which use NAD+, alcohol oxidases use FAD. SCAO is capable of oxidizing alcohols with up to 8 carbons, but their primary substrates are methanol and ethanol.

Known inhibitors of this enzyme include H2O2, Cu2+, phenanthroline, acetamide, potassium cyanide, or cyclopropanone.

Properties

SCAO is an intracellular enzyme. Its common source are fungi and yeasts, but it has also been shown to be present in mollusks.

It appears as an octameric protein, except for SCAO from A. ochraceus, which has been shown to be a tetramer. Each of the subunites is 65-80 kDa. Nine SCAO isoforms have been found in Ogataea methanolica, which has been shown to be a result of different combinations of two different subunits in the octamers, each coded by a different gene.

Structural studies

As of late 2007, 9 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes , , , , , , , , and .

Potential use

Several potential uses have been suggested for SCAO:

Biosensors with amperometric detection can be used within beverage testing, fermentation monitoring, methanol and ethanol detection, body fluid screening, and toxicological and phorensic laboratories
Chemical synthesis of various aldehydes including aroma and flavor chemicals, where it could appear as a cheaper and more eco-friendly alternative to current methods

References

(May 2013). "An overview on alcohol oxidases and their potential applications". Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology.

Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

ec-1.1.3 flavoproteins enzymes-of-known-structure

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