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Akobo River

River in the border between Ethiopia and South Sudan

Field	Value
name	Akobo River
image	Akobo River Bridge, Dimma (12537058884).jpg
image_caption	Akobo River Bridge
pushpin_map	South Sudan
pushpin_map_caption	Location of mouth
source1_coordinates
source1_elevation	1901 m
mouth	Pibor River
mouth_location	Akobo, South Sudan
mouth_coordinates
mouth_elevation	408 m
subdivision_type1	Countries
subdivision_name1
length	434 km
discharge1_avg	106.4 m3/s
basin_size	6250 km2
discharge1_location	Mouth
discharge1_min	22.6 m3/s
discharge1_max	255 m3/s
river_system	Nile
progression	Pibor → Sobat → White Nile → Nile → Mediterranean Sea
basin_population	13,500
tributaries_left	Neubari River, Ajuba River, Kaia River
tributaries_right	Cechi River, Chiarini River, Owag

The Akobo River is a river on the border between South Sudan and Ethiopia. From its source in the Ethiopian Highlands near Mizan Teferi it flows west for 434 km to join the Pibor River. The Pibor flows into the Sobat River, which in turn empties into the White Nile.

The tributaries of the Akobo river include the Cechi, the Chiarini, and the Owag, on the right or Ethiopian side; and the Neubari, Ajuba and Kaia on the left or South Sudanese side.

History

The boundary between Sudan and Ethiopia was defined for the region near the Akobo River in 1899, by Major H.H. Austin and Major Charles W. Gwynn of the British Royal Engineers. They had no knowledge of the land, its inhabitants, or their languages, and were short on supplies. Rather than defining a line based on ethnic groups and traditional territories, essentially along the escarpment that separates the highlands and the plains, Majors Austin and Gwynn simply proposed drawing the line down the middle of the Akobo River and parts of the Pibor River and Baro River. This boundary was consummated in the Anglo-Ethiopian Treaty of 1902, resulting in an area in the Ethiopian Gambela Region called the Baro Salient.

The Baro Salient is more closely connected to South Sudan than Ethiopia, both in terms of natural features and people. The Baro Salient was used as a sanctuary by Sudanese insurgents during the country's long civil wars. It was difficult for Sudan to exert authority over a region that is part of Ethiopia, and Ethiopia was reluctant to police this remote region and become involved in the politics of Sudan's internal conflicts.

The Akobo has been the subject of several mining surveys. In 1939, engineers of Companies Mineralia Ethiopia (COMINA) carried out exploration of the Akobo and its tributaries. North-flowing tributaries appeared to be more promising than the south-flowing ones. Values up to 10 grams of gold per cubic meter were found in Chama creek, and the possible average value could be 0.7 g per cubic meter. In the period 1952–1954 the Ministry of Mines employed as many as 120 miners at a time. They produced an average of 1.66 grams of gold per day.

References

Lehner, Bernhard. (2008-03-04). "New Global Hydrography Derived From Spaceborne Elevation Data". Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union.
Liu, L., Cao, X., Li, S., & Jie, N. (2023). GlobPOP: A 31-year (1990-2020) global gridded population dataset generated by cluster analysis and statistical learning (1.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10088105
(1997). "Merriam-Webster's Geographical Dictionary". [[Merriam-Webster]].
Shinn, David H.. (2004). "Historical Dictionary of Ethiopia". Scarecrow Press.
[http://www.nai.uu.se/library/resources/dossiers/local_history_of_ethiopia/A/ORTAK.pdf "Local History in Ethiopia"] {{Webarchive. link. (2007-06-16 (pdf) The [[Nordic Africa Institute]] website (accessed 1 May 2008))

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

international-rivers-of-africa rivers-of-ethiopia rivers-of-south-sudan sobat-river ethiopia–south-sudan-border ethiopian-highlands gambela-region jonglei-state greater-upper-nile border-rivers

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