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Acyanotic heart defect

Field	Value
synonym	Non-cyanotic heart defect
image	Gray internal structure of heart.png
caption	Ventricular septum
specialty	cardiology

An acyanotic heart defect, is a class of congenital heart defects. In these, blood is shunted (flows) from the left side of the heart to the right side of the heart, most often due to a structural defect (hole) in the interventricular septum. People often retain normal levels of oxyhemoglobin saturation in systemic circulation.

This term is outdated, because a person with an acyanotic heart defect may show cyanosis (turn blue due to insufficient oxygen in the blood).

Signs and symptoms

Presentation is the following:

Shortness of breath
Congested cough
Diaphoresis
Fatigue
Frequent respiratory infections
Machine-like heart murmur
Tachycardia
Tachypnea
Respiratory distress
Mild cyanosis (in right sided heart failure)
Poor growth and development (from increased energy spent on breathing)

Complications

This condition can cause congestive heart failure.

Diagnosis

Types

Left to right shunting heart defects include:

Ventricular septal defect (VSD) (30% of all congenital heart defects)
Atrial septal defect (ASD)
Atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD)
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)

Others:

levo-Transposition of the great arteries (l-TGA),

Acyanotic heart defects without shunting include:

Pulmonary stenosis (a narrowing of the pulmonary valve)
Aortic stenosis
Coarctation of the aorta

Management

Treatment of this condition can be done via:

Medications: Digoxin/Lanoxin
Diuretics: Furosemide/Lasix
Surgery

References

NCLEX-PN Review 2nd Ed. (2006). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. .

References

Pillitteri, Adele. (2013-11-25). "Maternal and Child Health Nursing: Care of the Childbearing and Childrearing Family". Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

congenital-heart-defects

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