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Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy

Benign skin lesions present on infants

Field	Value
name	Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy
synonyms	Acute hemorrhagic oedema of infancy, acute hemorrhagic edema of childhood, Finkelstein's disease, infantile postinfectious iris-like purpura and edema, medallion-like purpura, purpura en cocarde avec œdème and Seidlmayer syndrome.
image	Purpura.jpg
caption	Purpura is one of the main characteristics of Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy.
field	Dermatology
onset	4 months and 2 years of age.
duration	1–3 weeks.
differential	Henoch–Schönlein purpura
symptoms	Purpura, edema, and fever

Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy (AHEI) is a type of leukocytoclastic vasculitis that is not fatal. Although it causes fever, large palpable purpuric skin lesions, and edema, it is a harmless condition. AHEI's appearance is frequently similar to that of Henoch–Schönlein purpura. Because AHEI is a self-limiting disease, conservative treatment is common.

Snow described acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy in the United States in 1913. Finkelstein described it in Europe in 1938, and it has been recognized in European literature since then under various names. Synonyms include Finkelstein disease, Seidlmayer syndrome, infantile postinfectious iris-like purpura and oedema, and purpura en cocarde avec oedema.

AHEI is associated with a variety of organisms, including adenovirus, varicella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, tuberculosis, streptococci, and staphylococci.

Signs and symptoms

The typical clinical picture is edema on the cheeks, auricles, and extremities along with purpuric skin lesions. It has a violent onset, a brief and benign course, and recovers spontaneously after 1 to 3 weeks. Mild fever has been reported in the majority of patients.

AHEI typically begins with palpable hemorrhagic skin lesions and petechiae, which can progress to medallion-like lesions 1 to 6 cm in diameter. The rashes are usually sharply edged, and the centers of the iris-like lesions are rarely normal skin color. The extremities, including the ears, chin, eyelids, malar region, and scrotal area, are particularly affected. The trunk is usually unaffected. It has been described as a bullous variation with tense hemorrhagic blisters. Lesions, particularly those on the ears, can become necrotic and leave a scar.

Edema primarily affects the extremities, especially the backs of the hands and feet. It is frequently asymmetric and begins distally. It can spread to the forearms and legs, but it can also appear on the face, eyelids, earlobes, and even the scrotum. Edema can be painful. AHEI can sometimes appear without fever or edema but without purpura.

References

Alhammadi, Ahmed. (2013). "Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy: a worrisome presentation, but benign course". Informa UK Limited.
"Acute haemorrhagic oedema of infancy (Finkelstein disease)".
Fotis, Lampros. (February 27, 2011). "Acute Hemorrhagic Edema of Infancy". SAGE Publications.
Karremann, Michael. (September 3, 2008). "Acute Hemorrhagic Edema of Infancy: Report of 4 Cases and Review of the Current Literature". SAGE Publications.
SARACLAR, Y. (1990). "Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy (AHEI)—A variant of Henoch–Schönlein purpura or a distinct clinical entity?". Elsevier BV.
Smitt, J.Henk Sillevis. (2002). "Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy (AHEI)". Elsevier BV.
Da Silva Manzoni, Ana Paula Dornelles. (December 24, 2003). "Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy: a case report". Wiley.
Lai-Cheong, J. E.. (2007). "Bullous acute haemorrhagic oedema of skin in infancy". Oxford University Press (OUP).
Legrain, Valérie. (1991). "Infantile acute hemorrhagic edema of the skin: Study of ten cases". Elsevier BV.

Info: Wikipedia Source

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vascular-related-cutaneous-conditions

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