Acquired progressive lymphangioma

Signs and symptoms

Acquired progressive lymphangioma appears as a slowly growing erythaematous to brownish, bruise-like, macule, plaque, or nodule typically located on the legs, head or neck. The lesions are usually asymptomatic.

Causes

Acquired progressive lymphangioma has been known to develop after radiation therapy, surgery, trauma, femoral arteriography, inflammation, and tick bites.

Mechanism

Because acquired progressive lymphangioma has been described following various traumas, it is thought to be a response to various inflammatory stimuli rather than a real neoplasm.

Another possible pathogenic explanation is hormonal stimulation, as quickly growing lesions have been observed in numerous pubescent and prepubescent individuals.

Finally, another idea proposed is that acquired progressive lymphangioma represents a complicated vascular hamartoma with three components: lymphatic vessels, blood vessels, and smooth muscle.

Diagnosis

Acquired progressive lymphangioma has thin-walled endothelial-lined gaps interspersed between collagen strands. Endothelial cells show positive staining for lymphatic markers as podoplanin (D2-40), LYVE-1, and PROX-1. Additionally, the cells have variable levels of factor VIII, Ulex europaeus agglutinin I, CD31, and CD34.

Treatment

Acquired progressive lymphangioma is treated by complete surgical excision.

References

References

1. James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005). ''Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology''. (10th ed.). Saunders. {{ISBN. 0-7216-2921-0.
2. (1990). "Benign lymphangioendothelioma". Elsevier BV.
3. (2014). "Post-mastectomy benign lymphangioendothelioma of the skin following chronic lymphedema for breast carcinoma: a teaching case mimicking low-grade angiosarcoma and masquerading as Stewart-Treves syndrome". Diagnostic Pathology.
4. (1995). "Acquired progressive lymphangioma of the skin following radiotherapy for breast carcinoma". Wiley.
5. (1997). "Acquired progressive lymphangioma". Elsevier BV.
6. (1983). "Acquired progressive lymphangioma". Elsevier BV.
7. (1996). "Acquired progressive lymphangioma occurring following femoral arteriography". Clinical and Experimental Dermatology.
8. (1994). "Benign lymphangioendothelioma". Elsevier BV.
9. (1998). "Lymphangioendothelioma after a tick bite". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.
10. Vittal, Naveen kumar. (2016). "Benign Lymphangioendothelioma — A Case Report". JCDR Research and Publications.
11. Tadaki, Takayoshi. (1988-05-01). "Acquired Progressive Lymphangioma as a Flat Erythematous Patch on the Abdominal Wall of a Child". Archives of Dermatology.
12. (1991). "Acquired progressive lymphangioma". Elsevier BV.