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Academy Award for Best Visual Effects

Academy Award given for the best achievement in visual effects

Field	Value
name	Academy Award for Best Visual Effects
presenter	Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS)
country	United States
year	(for films released during the 1927/1928 film season)
holder_label	Most recent winner
most_awards	Industrial Light & Magic (15) / Dennis Muren (8)
most_nominations	Dennis Muren (15)
holder	Paul Lambert, Stephen James, Rhys Salcombe, and Gerd Nefzer
Dune: Part Two (2024)
website
former name	{{plainlist

Dune: Part Two (2024)

Engineering Effects (1929)
Best Special Effects (1939–1964)
Best Special Visual Effects (1965–1972)

The Academy Award for Best Visual Effects is presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) for the best achievement in visual effects. It has been handed to four members of the team directly responsible for creating the film's visual effects since 1980.

History

The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences first recognized the technical contributions of special effects to movies at its inaugural dinner in 1929, presenting a plaque for "Best Engineering Effects" to the first Best Picture Oscar winner, the World War I flying drama Wings.

Producer David O. Selznick, then production head at RKO Studios, petitioned the Academy Board of Governors to recognize the work of animator Willis O'Brien for his groundbreaking work on 1933's King Kong. However, the Academy did not have a category to acknowledge its visual achievements at the time.

It was not until 1938 when a film was actually recognized for its effects work, when a "Special Achievement Award for Special Effects" was given to the Paramount film Spawn of the North. The following year, "Best Special Effects" became a recognized category, although on occasion the Academy has chosen to honor a single film outright rather than nominate two or more films. From 1939 to 1963, it was an award for a film's visual effects as well as audio effects, so it was often given to two persons, although some years only one or the other type of effect was recognized. For the 22nd Academy Awards, RKO was nominated for the work done on Mighty Joe Young (1949), and when they won, it was Willis H. O'Brien who went on stage to accept the statue. In 1964, it was given only for visual effects, and the following year the name of the category was changed to "Best Special Visual Effects".

Honorees for this award have been bestowed several times as a Special Achievement Academy Award. In 1977, the category was given its current name "Best Visual Effects." For decades, shortlisted finalists were selected by a steering committee. They are presently chosen by the visual effects branch executive committee. 1990 was the last year there were no official nominees. Back to the Future Part III, Dick Tracy, Ghost and Total Recall advanced to a second stage of voting, but only Total Recall received a requisite average and it was given a special achievement Oscar.

There have been three wholly animated films nominated in this category: The Nightmare Before Christmas in 1993, Kubo and the Two Strings in 2016, and The Lion King in 2019. There have been three semi-animated films nominated, which also won: Mary Poppins in 1964, Bedknobs and Broomsticks in 1971, and Who Framed Roger Rabbit in 1988. In 2024, Godzilla Minus One became the first non-English-language film ever to win in the category.

Rules

In 1979, there were five films nominated. For most of the next three decades, there were three nominees a year, although at some times there were two and at others, a single film was given the award outright.

In 2007, it was decided that a list of no more than 15 eligible films would be chosen, from which a maximum of seven would be shortlisted for further consideration. A vote would then proceed, with a maximum of three nominees. Since 2010, there are ten shortlisted finalists which, using a form of range voting, produce five nominees. No more than four people may be nominated for a single film.

According to the official Academy Award rules, the criteria are:

**(a)** consideration of the contribution the visual effects make to the overall production and **(b)** the artistry, skill and fidelity with which the visual illusions are achieved.

Filmmakers

A number of filmmakers have had their movies honored for their achievements in visual effects; i.e., six by director James Cameron (who began his career in Hollywood as an effects technician), five films produced by George Pal, five by director/producer George Lucas, four by directors Richard Fleischer, Steven Spielberg and Peter Jackson, three by directors Robert Zemeckis, Christopher Nolan, and Denis Villeneuve, and two by directors Clarence Brown, Cecil B. DeMille, Mark Robson, Ridley Scott, Robert Stevenson.

Only two directors have won in the same category: Four time Best Director nominee Stanley Kubrick's only Oscar win for 1968's 2001: A Space Odyssey, and Japanese filmmaker Takashi Yamazaki's first Oscar win for 2023's Godzilla Minus One. The credits for 2001 list four effects contributors, including Douglas Trumbull. However, according to the rules of the Academy in effect at the time, only three persons could be nominated for their work on a single film, which would have resulted in the omission of either Trumbull, Tom Howard, Con Pederson or Wally Veevers. Ultimately, it was Kubrick's name that was submitted as a nominee in this category, resulting in his winning the award, which many consider a slight to the four men whose work contributed to the film's success.

Engineering Effects Award

The table below display the Oscar nominees for Best Engineering Effects.

1920s

Year	Film	Nominees	1927–28
(1st)
Wings	Roy Pomeroy
Ralph Hammeras (photographic)The nomination for Ralph Hammeras was not associated with any individual film.
Nugent Slaughter (photographic)According to the Academy's in-house records, the nomination for Nugent Slaughter was most often connected with The Jazz Singer. It is not considered an official nomination for that film.

Special Effects Awards

The tables below display the Oscar nominees for Best Special Effects including the recipients of the Special Achievement Awards.

1930s

Year	Film	Nominees	1938
(11th)	1939
(12th)
From 1939 until 1962, visual effects and sound effects artists competed in a combined Best Special Effects category.
Spawn of the North	For outstanding achievement in creating Special Photographic and Sound Effects in the Paramount production Spawn of the North. Special Effects by Gordon Jennings, assisted by Jan Domela, Dev Jennings, Irmin Roberts and Art Smith. Transparencies by Farciot Edouart, assisted by Loyal Griggs. Sound Effects by Loren Ryder, assisted by Harry Mills, Louis Mesenkop and Walter Oberst.
The Rains Came	Fred Sersen (photographic); E. H. Hansen (sound)
Gone with the Wind	Jack Cosgrove (photographic); Fred Albin and Arthur Johns (sound)
Only Angels Have Wings	Roy Davidson (photographic); Edwin C. Hahn (sound)
The Private Lives of Elizabeth and Essex	Byron Haskin (photographic); Nathan Levinson (sound)
Topper Takes a Trip	Roy Seawright (photographic)
Union Pacific	Farciot Edouart and Gordon Jennings (photographic); Loren Ryder (sound)
The Wizard of Oz	A. Arnold Gillespie (photographic); Douglas Shearer (sound)

1940s

Year	Film	Nominees	1940
(13th)	1941
(14th)	1942
(15th)	1943
(16th)	1944
(17th)	1945
(18th)	1946
(19th)	1947
(20th)	1948
(21st)	1949
(22nd)
The Thief of Bagdad	Lawrence Butler (photographic); Jack Whitney (sound)
The Blue Bird	Fred Sersen (photographic); E. H. Hansen (sound)
Boom Town	A. Arnold Gillespie (photographic); Douglas Shearer (sound)
The Boys from Syracuse	John P. Fulton (photographic); Bernard B. Brown and Joseph Lapis (sound)
Dr. Cyclops	Gordon Jennings and Farciot Edouart (photographic)
Foreign Correspondent	Paul Eagler (photographic); Thomas T. Moulton (sound)
The Invisible Man Returns	John P. Fulton (photographic); Bernard B. Brown and William Hedgcock (sound)
The Long Voyage Home	R. T. Layton and R. O. Binger (photographic); Thomas T. Moulton (sound)
One Million B.C.	Roy Seawright (photographic); Elmer Raguse (sound)
Rebecca	Jack Cosgrove (photographic); Arthur Johns (sound)
The Sea Hawk	Byron Haskin (photographic); Nathan Levinson (sound)
Swiss Family Robinson	Vernon L. Walker (photographic); John O. Aalberg (sound)
Typhoon	Farciot Edouart and Gordon Jennings (photographic); Loren Ryder (sound)
Women in War	Howard J. Lydecker, William Bradford, and Ellis J. Thackery (photographic); Herbert Norsch (sound)
I Wanted Wings	Farciot Edouart and Gordon Jennings (photographic); Louis Mesenkop (sound)
Aloma of the South Seas	Farciot Edouart and Gordon Jennings (photographic); Louis Mesenkop (sound)
Dive BomberWhen nominations were announced on February 9, 1942, Dive Bomber was nominated in place of The Sea Wolf. Both were Warner Bros. productions with photographic effects by Byron Haskin and sound effects by Nathan Levinson. By February 19, the Dive Bomber nomination was replaced with The Sea Wolf. The reason for the substitution is unknown.	Byron Haskin (photographic); Nathan Levinson (sound)
Flight Command	A. Arnold Gillespie (photographic); Douglas Shearer (sound)
The Invisible Woman	John Fulton (photographic); John Hall (sound)
The Sea Wolf	Byron Haskin (photographic); Nathan Levinson (sound)
That Hamilton Woman	Lawrence Butler (photographic); William H. Wilmarth (sound)
Topper Returns	Roy Seawright (photographic); Elmer Raguse (sound)
A Yank in the R.A.F.	Fred Sersen (photographic); E. H. Hansen (sound)
Reap the Wild Wind	Gordon Jennings, Farciot Edouart, and William Pereira (photographic); Louis Mesenkop (sound)
The Black Swan	Fred Sersen (photographic); Roger Heman and George Leverett (sound)
Desperate Journey	Byron Haskin (photographic); Nathan Levinson (sound)
Flying Tigers	Howard Lydecker (photographic); Daniel J. Bloomberg (sound)
Invisible Agent	John Fulton (photographic); Bernard B. Brown (sound)
Jungle Book	Lawrence Butler (photographic); William H. Wilmarth (sound)
Mrs. Miniver	A. Arnold Gillespie and Warren Newcombe (photographic); Douglas Shearer (sound)
The Navy Comes Through	Vernon L. Walker (photographic); James G. Stewart (sound)
One of Our Aircraft Is Missing	Ronald Neame (photographic); C. C. Stevens (sound)
The Pride of the Yankees	Jack Cosgrove and Ray Binger (photographic); Thomas T. Moulton (sound)
Crash Dive	Fred Sersen (photographic); Roger Heman (sound)
Air Force	Hans Koenekamp and Rex Wimpy (photographic); Nathan Levinson (sound)
Bombardier	Vernon L. Walker (photographic); James G. Stewart and Roy Granville (sound)
The North Star	Clarence Slifer and R. O. Binger (photographic); Thomas T. Moulton (sound)
So Proudly We Hail!	Gordon Jennings and Farciot Edouart (photographic); George Dutton (sound)
Stand By for Action	A. Arnold Gillespie and Donald Jahraus (photographic); Michael Steinore (sound)
Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo	A. Arnold Gillespie, Donald Jahraus, and Warren Newcombe (photographic); Douglas Shearer (sound)
The Adventures of Mark Twain	Paul Detlefsen and John Crouse (photographic); Nathan Levinson (sound)
Days of Glory	Vernon L. Walker (photographic); James G. Stewart and Roy Granville (sound)
Secret Command	David Allen, Ray Cory, and Robert Wright (photographic); Russell Malmgren and Harry Kusnick (sound)
Since You Went Away	Jack Cosgrove (photographic); Arthur Johns (sound)
The Story of Dr. Wassell	Farciot Edouart and Gordon Jennings (photographic); George Dutton (sound)
Wilson	Fred Sersen (photographic); Roger Heman (sound)
Wonder Man	John P. Fulton (photographic); Arthur Johns (sound)
Captain Eddie	Fred Sersen and Sol Halperin (photographic); Roger Heman and Harry Leonard (sound)
Spellbound	Jack Cosgrove (photographic)
They Were Expendable	A. Arnold Gillespie, Donald Jahraus, and Robert A. MacDonald (photographic); Michael Steinore (sound)
A Thousand and One Nights	Lawrence W. Butler (photographic); Ray Bomba (sound)
Blithe Spirit	Thomas Howard (visual)
A Stolen Life	William McGann (visual); Nathan Levinson (audible)
Green Dolphin Street	A. Arnold Gillespie and Warren Newcombe (visual); Douglas Shearer and Michael Steinore (audible)
Unconquered	Farciot Edouart, Devereux Jennings, Gordon Jennings, W. Wallace Kelley, and Paul Lerpae (visual); George Dutton (audible)
Portrait of Jennie	Paul Eagler, Joseph McMillan Johnson, Russell Shearman, and Clarence Slifer (visual); Charles Freeman, and James G. Stewart (audible)
Deep Waters	Ralph Hammeras, Fred Sersen, and Edward Snyder (visual); Roger Heman (audible)
Mighty Joe Young	RKO Productions
Tulsa	Walter Wanger Pictures

1950s

Year	Film	Nominees	1950
(23rd)	1951
(24th)	1952
(25th)	1953
(26th)	1954
(27th)	1955
(28th)	1956
(29th)	1957
(30th)	1958
(31st)	1959
(32nd)
Destination Moon	George Pal Productions
Samson and Delilah	Cecil B. DeMille Productions
When Worlds Collide	Paramount
Plymouth Adventure	Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
The War of the Worlds	Paramount Studio
20,000 Leagues Under the Sea	John Hench, Joshua Meador and Walt Disney Studios
Hell and High Water	20th Century-Fox Studio
Them!	Warner Bros. Studio
The Bridges at Toko-Ri	Paramount Studio
The Dam Busters	Associated British Picture Corporation, Ltd.
The Rains of Ranchipur	20th Century-Fox Studio
The Ten Commandments	John P. Fulton
Forbidden Planet	A. Arnold Gillespie, Irving G. Ries, and Wesley C. Miller
The Enemy Below In 1957, The Enemy Below won the Best Special Effects Oscar for audible effects by Walter Rossi. It was not cited for its visual effects.	Walter Rossi (audible)
The Spirit of St. Louis	Louis Lichtenfield (visual)
Tom Thumb	Tom Howard (visual)
Torpedo Run	A. Arnold Gillespie (visual); Harold Humbrock (audible)
Ben-Hur	A. Arnold Gillespie and Robert MacDonald (visual); Milo B. Lory (audible)
Journey to the Center of the Earth	L.B. Abbott and James B. Gordon (visual); Carl Faulkner (audible)

1960s

Year	Film	Nominees	1960
(33rd)	1961
(34th)	1962
(35th)
The Time Machine	Gene Warren and Tim Baar (visual)
The Last Voyage	Augie Lohman (visual)
The Guns of Navarone	Bill Warrington (visual); Vivian C. Greenham (audible)
The Absent-Minded Professor	Robert A. Mattey and Eustace Lycett (visual)
The Longest Day	Robert MacDonald (visual); Jacques Maumont (audible)
Mutiny on the Bounty	A. Arnold Gillespie (visual); Milo B. Lory (audible)

Visual Effects Awards

The tables below display the Oscar nominees for Best Visual Effects including the recipients of the Special Achievement Awards.

1960s

Year	Film	Nominees	1963
(36th)	1964
(37th)	1965
(38th)	1966
(39th)	1967
(40th)	1968
(41st)	1969
(42nd)
Cleopatra	Emil Kosa Jr.
The Birds	Ub Iwerks
Mary Poppins	Peter Ellenshaw, Eustace Lycett, and Hamilton Luske
7 Faces of Dr. Lao	Jim Danforth
Thunderball	John Stears
The Greatest Story Ever Told	Joseph McMillan Johnson
Fantastic Voyage	Art Cruickshank
Hawaii	Linwood G. Dunn
Doctor Dolittle	L.B. Abbott
Tobruk	Howard A. Anderson Jr. and Albert Whitlock
2001: A Space Odyssey	Stanley Kubrick
Ice Station Zebra	Hal Millar and Joseph McMillan Johnson
Marooned	Robbie Robertson
Krakatoa, East of Java	Eugène Lourié and Alex Weldon

1970s

Year	Film	Nominees	1970
(43rd)	1971
(44th)	1972
(45th)	1974
(47th)	1975
(48th)	1976
(49th)	1977
(50th)	1978
(51st)	1979
(52nd)
Tora! Tora! Tora!	A.D. Flowers and L.B. Abbott
Patton	Alex Weldon
Bedknobs and Broomsticks	Alan Maley, Eustace Lycett, and Danny Lee
When Dinosaurs Ruled the Earth	Jim Danforth and Roger Dicken
The Poseidon AdventureThis was presented as a Special Achievement Award, not as a competitive Academy Award of Merit.	L.B. Abbott and A.D. Flowers
Earthquake	Frank Brendel, Glen Robinson, and Albert Whitlock
The Hindenburg	Albert Whitlock and Glen Robinson
King Kong	Carlo Rambaldi, Glen Robinson, and Frank Van der Veer
Logan's Run	L.B. Abbott, Glen Robinson, and Matthew Yuricich
Star Wars	John Stears, John Dykstra, Richard Edlund, Grant McCune, and Robert Blalack
Close Encounters of the Third Kind	Roy Arbogast, Douglas Trumbull, Matthew Yuricich, Greg Jein, and Richard Yuricich
Superman	Les Bowie, Colin Chilvers, Denys Coop, Roy Field, Derek Meddings, and Zoran Perisic
Alien	H. R. Giger, Carlo Rambaldi, Brian Johnson, Nick Allder, and Dennis Ayling
1941	William A. Fraker, A.D. Flowers, and Greg Jein
The Black Hole	Peter Ellenshaw, Art Cruickshank, Eustace Lycett, Danny Lee, Harrison Ellenshaw, and Joe Hale
Moonraker	Derek Meddings, Paul Wilson, and John Evans
Star Trek: The Motion Picture	Douglas Trumbull, John Dykstra, Richard Yuricich, Robert Swarthe, David K. Stewart, and Grant McCune

1980s

Year	Film	Nominees	1980
(53rd)	1981
(54th)	1982
(55th)	1983
(56th)	1984
(57th)	1985
(58th)	1986
(59th)	1987
(60th)	1988
(61st)	1989
(62nd)
The Empire Strikes Back	Brian Johnson, Richard Edlund, Dennis Muren, and Bruce Nicholson
Raiders of the Lost Ark	Richard Edlund, Kit West, Bruce Nicholson, and Joe Johnston
Dragonslayer	Dennis Muren, Phil Tippett, Ken Ralston, and Brian Johnson
E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial	Carlo Rambaldi, Dennis Muren, and Kenneth F. Smith
Blade Runner	Douglas Trumbull, Richard Yuricich, and David Dryer
Poltergeist	Richard Edlund, Michael Wood, and Bruce Nicholson
Return of the Jedi	Richard Edlund, Dennis Muren, Ken Ralston, and Phil Tippett
Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom	Dennis Muren, Michael J. McAlister, Lorne Peterson, and George Gibbs
2010	Richard Edlund, Neil Krepela, George Jenson, and Mark Stetson
Ghostbusters	Richard Edlund, John Bruno, Mark Vargo, and Chuck Gaspar
Cocoon	Ken Ralston, Ralph McQuarrie, Scott Farrar, and David Berry
Return to Oz	Will Vinton, Ian Wingrove, Zoran Perisic, and Michael Lloyd
Young Sherlock Holmes	Dennis Muren, Kit West, John R. Ellis, and David W. Allen
Aliens	Robert Skotak, Stan Winston, John Richardson, and Suzanne M. Benson
Little Shop of Horrors	Lyle Conway, Bran Ferren, and Martin Gutteridge
Poltergeist II: The Other Side	Richard Edlund, John Bruno, Garry Waller, and Bill Neil
Innerspace	Dennis Muren, William George, Harley Jessup, and Kenneth F. Smith
Predator	Joel Hynek, Robert M. Greenberg, Richard Greenberg, and Stan Winston
Who Framed Roger Rabbit	Ken Ralston, Richard Williams, Edward Jones, and George Gibbs
Die Hard	Richard Edlund, Al DiSarro, Brent Boates, and Thaine Morris
Willow	Dennis Muren, Michael J. McAlister, Phil Tippett, and Chris Evans
The Abyss	John Bruno, Dennis Muren, Hoyt Yeatman, and Dennis Skotak
The Adventures of Baron Munchausen	Richard Conway and Kent Houston
Back to the Future Part II	Ken Ralston, Michael Lantieri, John Bell, and Steve Gawley

1990s

Year	Film	Nominees	1990
(63rd)	1991
(64th)	1992
(65th)	1993
(66th)	1994
(67th)	1995
(68th)	1996
(69th)	1997
(70th)	1998
(71st)	1999
(72nd)
Total Recall	Eric Brevig, Rob Bottin, Tim McGovern, and Alex Funke
Terminator 2: Judgment Day	Dennis Muren, Stan Winston, Gene Warren Jr., and Robert Skotak
Backdraft	Mikael Salomon, Allen Hall, Clay Pinney, and Scott Farrar
Hook	Eric Brevig, Harley Jessup, Mark Sullivan, and Michael Lantieri
Death Becomes Her	Ken Ralston, Doug Chiang, Douglas Smythe, and Tom Woodruff Jr.
Alien 3	Richard Edlund, Alec Gillis, Tom Woodruff Jr., and George Gibbs
Batman Returns	Michael L. Fink, Craig Barron, John Bruno, and Dennis Skotak
Jurassic Park	Dennis Muren, Stan Winston, Phil Tippett, and Michael Lantieri
Cliffhanger	Neil Krepela, John Richardson, John Bruno, and Pamela Easley
The Nightmare Before Christmas	Pete Kozachik, Eric Leighton, Ariel Velasco-Shaw, and Gordon Baker
Forrest Gump	Ken Ralston, George Murphy, Stephen Rosenbaum, and Allen Hall
The Mask	Scott Squires, Steve 'Spaz' Williams, Tom Bertino, and Jon Farhat
True Lies	John Bruno, Thomas L. Fisher, Jacques Stroweis, and Patrick McClung
Babe	Scott E. Anderson, Charles Gibson, Neal Scanlan, and John Cox
Apollo 13	Robert Legato, Michael Kanfer, Leslie Ekker, and Matt Sweeney
Independence Day	Volker Engel, Douglas Smith, Clay Pinney, and Joseph Viskocil
Dragonheart	Scott Squires, Phil Tippett, James Straus, and Kit West
Twister	Stefen Fangmeier, John Frazier, Habib Zargarpour, and Henry LaBounta
Titanic	Robert Legato, Mark Lasoff, Thomas L. Fisher, and Michael Kanfer
The Lost World: Jurassic Park	Dennis Muren, Stan Winston, Randal M. Dutra, and Michael Lantieri
Starship Troopers	Phil Tippett, Scott E. Anderson, Alec Gillis, and John Richardson
What Dreams May Come	Joel Hynek, Nicholas Brooks, Stuart Robertson, and Kevin Mack
Armageddon	Richard R. Hoover, Patrick McClung, and John Frazier
Mighty Joe Young	Rick Baker, Hoyt Yeatman, Allen Hall, and Jim Mitchell
The Matrix	John Gaeta, Janek Sirrs, Steve Courtley, and Jon Thum
Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace	John Knoll, Dennis Muren, Scott Squires, and Rob Coleman
Stuart Little	John Dykstra, Jerome Chen, Henry F. Anderson III, and Eric Allard

2000s

Year	Film	Nominees	2000
(73rd)	2001
(74th)	2002
(75th)	2003
(76th)	2004
(77th)	2005
(78th)	2006
(79th)	2007
(80th)	2008
(81st)	2009
(82nd)
Gladiator	John Nelson, Neil Corbould, Tim Burke, and Rob Harvey
Hollow Man	Scott E. Anderson, Craig Hayes, Scott Stokdyk, and Stan Parks
The Perfect Storm	Stefen Fangmeier, Habib Zargarpour, John Frazier, and Walt Conti
The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring	Jim Rygiel, Randall William Cook, Richard Taylor, and Mark Stetson
A.I. Artificial Intelligence	Dennis Muren, Scott Farrar, Stan Winston, and Michael Lantieri
Pearl Harbor	Eric Brevig, John Frazier, Ed Hirsh, and Ben Snow
The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers	Jim Rygiel, Joe Letteri, Randall William Cook, and Alex Funke
Spider-Man	John Dykstra, Scott Stokdyk, Anthony LaMolinara, and John Frazier
Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones	Rob Coleman, Pablo Helman, John Knoll, and Ben Snow
The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King	Jim Rygiel, Joe Letteri, Randall William Cook, and Alex Funke
Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World	Dan Sudick, Stefen Fangmeier, Nathan McGuinness, and Robert Stromberg
Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl	John Knoll, Hal Hickel, Charles Gibson, and Terry Frazee
Spider-Man 2	John Dykstra, Scott Stokdyk, Anthony LaMolinara, and John Frazier
Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban	Roger Guyett, Tim Burke, John Richardson, and William George
I, Robot	John Nelson, Andrew R. Jones, Erik Nash, and Joe Letteri
King Kong	Joe Letteri, Brian Van't Hul, Christian Rivers, and Richard Taylor
The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe	Dean Wright, Bill Westenhofer, Jim Berney, and Scott Farrar
War of the Worlds	Dennis Muren, Pablo Helman, Randal M. Dutra, and Dan Sudick
Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest	John Knoll, Hal Hickel, Charles Gibson, and Allen Hall
Poseidon	Boyd Shermis, Kim Libreri, Chas Jarrett, and John Frazier
Superman Returns	Mark Stetson, Neil Corbould, Richard R. Hoover, and Jon Thum
The Golden Compass	Michael L. Fink, Bill Westenhofer, Ben Morris, and Trevor Wood
Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End	John Knoll, Hal Hickel, Charles Gibson, and John Frazier
Transformers	Scott Farrar, Scott Benza, Russell Earl, and John Frazier
The Curious Case of Benjamin Button	Eric Barba, Steve Preeg, Burt Dalton, and Craig Barron
The Dark Knight	Nick Davis, Chris Corbould, Tim Webber, and Paul Franklin
Iron Man	John Nelson, Ben Snow, Dan Sudick, and Shane Mahan
Avatar	Joe Letteri, Stephen Rosenbaum, Richard Baneham, and Andrew R. Jones
District 9	Dan Kaufman, Peter Muyzers, Robert Habros, and Matt Aitken
Star Trek	Roger Guyett, Russell Earl, Paul Kavanagh, and Burt Dalton

2010s

Year	Film	Nominees	2010
(83rd)	2011
(84th)	2012
(85th)	2013
(86th)	2014
(87th)	2015
(88th)	2016
(89th)
2017
(90th)
2018
(91st)	2019
(92nd)
Inception	Paul Franklin, Chris Corbould, Andrew Lockley, and Peter Bebb
Alice in Wonderland	Ken Ralston, David Schaub, Carey Villegas, and Sean Phillips
Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1	Tim Burke, John Richardson, Christian Manz, and Nicolas Aithadi
Hereafter	Michael Owens, Bryan Grill, Stephan Trojansky, and Joe Farrell
Iron Man 2	Janek Sirrs, Ben Snow, Ged Wright, and Dan Sudick
Hugo	Robert Legato, Joss Williams, Ben Grossmann, and Alex Henning
Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2	Tim Burke, David Vickery, Greg Butler, and John Richardson
Real Steel	Erik Nash, John Rosengrant, Dan Taylor, and Swen Gillberg
Rise of the Planet of the Apes	Joe Letteri, Dan Lemmon, R. Christopher White, and Daniel Barrett
Transformers: Dark of the Moon	Scott Farrar, Scott Benza, Matthew E. Butler, and John Frazier
Life of Pi	Bill Westenhofer, Guillaume Rocheron, Erik-Jan de Boer, and Donald R. Elliott
The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey	Joe Letteri, Eric Saindon, David Clayton, and R. Christopher White
Marvel's The Avengers	Janek Sirrs, Jeff White, Guy Williams, and Dan Sudick
Prometheus	Richard Stammers, Trevor Wood, Charley Henley, and Martin Hill
Snow White and the Huntsman	Cedric Nicolas-Troyan, Philip Brennan, Neil Corbould, and Michael Dawson
Gravity	Tim Webber, Chris Lawrence, Dave Shirk, and Neil Corbould
The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug	Joe Letteri, Eric Saindon, David Clayton, and Eric Reynolds
Iron Man 3	Christopher Townsend, Guy Williams, Erik Nash, and Dan Sudick
The Lone Ranger	Tim Alexander, Gary Brozenich, Edson Williams, and John Frazier
Star Trek Into Darkness	Roger Guyett, Patrick Tubach, Ben Grossmann, and Burt Dalton
Interstellar	Paul Franklin, Andrew Lockley, Ian Hunter, and Scott R. Fisher
Captain America: The Winter Soldier	Dan DeLeeuw, Russell Earl, Bryan Grill, and Dan Sudick
Dawn of the Planet of the Apes	Joe Letteri, Dan Lemmon, Daniel Barrett, and Erik Winquist
Guardians of the Galaxy	Stéphane Ceretti, Nicolas Aithadi, Jonathan Fawkner, and Paul Corbould
X-Men: Days of Future Past	Richard Stammers, Lou Pecora, Tim Crosbie, and Cameron Waldbauer
Ex Machina	Mark Williams Ardington, Sara Bennett, Paul Norris, and Andrew Whitehurst
Mad Max: Fury Road	Andrew Jackson, Dan Oliver, Andy Williams, and Tom Wood
The Martian	Anders Langlands, Chris Lawrence, Richard Stammers, and Steven Warner
The Revenant	Richard McBride, Matt Shumway, Jason Smith, and Cameron Waldbauer
Star Wars: The Force Awakens	Chris Corbould, Roger Guyett, Patrick Tubach, and Neal Scanlan
The Jungle Book	Robert Legato, Adam Valdez, Andrew R. Jones, and Dan Lemmon
Deepwater Horizon	Craig Hammack, Jason Snell, Jason Billington, and Burt Dalton
Doctor Strange	Stéphane Ceretti, Richard Bluff, Vincent Cirelli, and Paul Corbould
Kubo and the Two Strings	Steve Emerson, Oliver Jones, Brian McLean, and Brad Schiff
Rogue One: A Star Wars Story	John Knoll, Mohen Leo, Hal Hickel, and Neil Corbould
Blade Runner 2049	John Nelson, Gerd Nefzer, Paul Lambert, and Richard R. Hoover
Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2	Christopher Townsend, Guy Williams, Jonathan Fawkner, and Dan Sudick
Kong: Skull Island	Stephen Rosenbaum, Jeff White, Scott Benza, and Mike Meinardus
Star Wars: The Last Jedi	Ben Morris, Mike Mulholland, Neal Scanlan, and Chris Corbould
War for the Planet of the Apes	Joe Letteri, Daniel Barrett, Dan Lemmon, and Joel Whist
First Man	Paul Lambert, Ian Hunter, Tristan Myles, and J. D. Schwalm
Avengers: Infinity War	Dan DeLeeuw, Kelly Port, Russell Earl, and Dan Sudick
Christopher Robin	Chris Lawrence, Mike Eames, Theo Jones, and Chris Corbould
Ready Player One	Roger Guyett, Grady Cofer, Matthew E. Butler, and David Shirk
Solo: A Star Wars Story	Rob Bredow, Patrick Tubach, Neal Scanlan, and Dominic Tuohy
1917	Guillaume Rocheron, Greg Butler, and Dominic Tuohy
Avengers: Endgame	Dan DeLeeuw, Russell Earl, Matt Aitken, and Dan Sudick
The Irishman	Pablo Helman, Leandro Estebecorena, Nelson Sepulveda-Fauser, and Stephane Grabli
The Lion King	Robert Legato, Adam Valdez, Andrew R. Jones, and Elliot Newman
Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker	Roger Guyett, Neal Scanlan, Patrick Tubach, and Dominic Tuohy

2020s

Year	Film	Nominees	2020
(93rd)	2021
(94th)	2022
(95th)	2023
(96th)	2024
(97th)	2025
(98th)
Tenet	Andrew Jackson, David Lee, Andrew Lockley, and Scott Fisher
Love and Monsters	Matt Sloan, Genevieve Camilleri, Matt Everitt, and Brian Cox
The Midnight Sky	Matt Kasmir, Chris Lawrence, Max Solomon, and David Watkins
Mulan	Sean Andrew Faden, Anders Langlands, Seth Maury, and Steve Ingram
The One and Only Ivan	Nick Davis, Greg Fisher, Ben Jones, and Santiago Colomo Martínez
Dune	Paul Lambert, Tristan Myles, Brian Connor, and Gerd Nefzer
Free Guy	Swen Gillberg, Bryan Grill, Nikos Kalaitzidis, and Dan Sudick
No Time to Die	Charlie Noble, Joel Green, Jonathan Fawkner, and Chris Corbould
Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings	Christopher Townsend, Joe Farrell, Sean Noel Walker, and Dan Oliver
Spider-Man: No Way Home	Kelly Port, Chris Waegner, Scott Edelstein, and Dan Sudick
Avatar: The Way of Water	Joe Letteri, Richard Baneham, Eric Saindon, and Daniel Barrett
All Quiet on the Western Front	Frank Petzold, Viktor Müller, Markus Frank, and Kamil Jafar
The Batman	Dan Lemmon, Russell Earl, Anders Langlands, and Dominic Tuohy
Black Panther: Wakanda Forever	Geoffrey Baumann, Craig Hammack, R. Christopher White, and Dan Sudick
Top Gun: Maverick	Ryan Tudhope, Seth Hill, Bryan Litson, and Scott R. Fisher
Godzilla Minus One	Takashi Yamazaki, Kiyoko Shibuya, Masaki Takahashi, and Tatsuji Nojima
The Creator	Jay Cooper, Ian Comley, Andrew Roberts and Neil Corbould
Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3	Stéphane Ceretti, Alexis Wajsbrot, Guy Williams and Theo Bialek
Mission: Impossible – Dead Reckoning Part One	Alex Wuttke, Simone Coco, Jeff Sutherland and Neil Corbould
Napoleon	Charley Henley, Luc-Ewen Martin-Fenouillet, Simone Coco and Neil Corbould
Dune: Part Two	Paul Lambert, Stephen James, Rhys Salcombe and Gerd Nefzer
Alien: Romulus	Eric Barba, Nelson Sepulveda-Fauser, Daniel Macarin and Shane Mahan
Better Man	Luke Millar, David Clayton, Keith Herft and Peter Stubbs
Kingdom of the Planet of the Apes	Erik Winquist, Stephen Unterfranz, Paul Story and Rodney Burke
Wicked	Pablo Helman, Jonathan Fawkner, David Shirk and Paul Corbould
Avatar: Fire and Ash	Joe Letteri, Richard Baneham, Eric Saindon and Daniel Barrett
F1	Ryan Tudhope, Nicolas Chevallier, Robert Harrington and Keith Dawson
Jurassic World Rebirth	David Vickery, Stephen Aplin, Charmaine Chan and Neil Corbould
The Lost Bus	Charlie Noble, David Zaretti, Russell Bowen and Brandon K. McLaughlin
Sinners	Michael Ralla, Espen Nordahl, Guido Wolter and Donnie Dean

Shortlisted finalists

Finalists for Best Visual Effects are selected by the Visual Effects Branch Executive Committee. Beginning with a long list of up to 20 titles, the committee then advances ten films to the shortlist. Prior to the 83rd Academy Awards, only fifteen films were long-listed, and only seven films were shortlisted. The full membership of the Visual Effects Branch is invited to view excerpts and is provided with supporting information at a "bake-off" where balloting determines the five nominees. These are the additional films that presented at the bake-off.

Year	Finalists	Ref	1984	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024	2025
Dune, Gremlins, The Last Starfighter, Star Trek III: The Search for Spock
Addams Family Values, Alive, Hocus Pocus, Super Mario Bros.
The Hudsucker Proxy, Interview with the Vampire, The Lion King, Speed
Batman Forever, Casper, Jumanji, The Indian in the Cupboard, Waterworld
Mars Attacks!, Mission: Impossible, The Nutty Professor, Star Trek: First Contact
Batman & Robin, Contact, The Fifth Element, Men in Black
Babe: Pig in the City, Godzilla, Small Soldiers, The Truman Show
The Mummy, Sleepy Hollow, Wild Wild West, The World Is Not Enough
Cast Away, Dinosaur, How the Grinch Stole Christmas, X-Men
Black Hawk Down, Cats & Dogs, The Fast and the Furious, Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone, Jurassic Park IIIA tie resulted in eight finalists.
Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, Minority Report, Men in Black II, xXx
Hulk, Peter Pan, Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines, X2: X-Men United
The Aviator, The Day After Tomorrow, Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events, Sky Captain and the World of Tomorrow
Batman Begins, Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith
Casino Royale, Eragon, Night at the Museum, X-Men: The Last Stand
First Round: Beowulf, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, Live Free or Die Hard, National Treasure: Book of Secrets, Ratatouille, Spider-Man 3, Sunshine, The Water Horse: Legend of the Deep
Second Round: The Bourne Ultimatum, Evan Almighty, I Am Legend, 300
Australia, Hellboy II: The Golden Army, Journey to the Center of the Earth, The Mummy: Tomb of the Dragon Emperor
Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, Terminator Salvation, Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen, 2012
First Round: The Chronicles of Narnia: The Voyage of the Dawn Treader, Clash of the Titans, The Last Airbender, Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief, Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time, Shutter Island, The Sorcerer's Apprentice, Unstoppable
Second Round: Scott Pilgrim vs. the World, Tron: Legacy
First Round: Cowboys & Aliens, Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows, Sucker Punch, Super 8, Thor
Second Round: Captain America: The First Avenger, Mission: Impossible – Ghost Protocol, Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides, The Tree of Life, X-Men: First Class
The Amazing Spider-Man, Cloud Atlas, The Dark Knight Rises, John Carter, Skyfall
Elysium, Oblivion, Pacific Rim, Thor: The Dark World, World War Z
Godzilla, The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies, Maleficent, Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb, Transformers: Age of Extinction
First Round: Bridge of Spies, Chappie, Everest, Furious 7, The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 2, In the Heart of the Sea, Jupiter Ascending, Mission: Impossible – Rogue Nation, Spectre, Terminator Genisys
Second Round: Ant-Man, Avengers: Age of Ultron, Jurassic World, Tomorrowland, The Walk
First Round: Alice Through the Looking Glass, Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice, Deadpool, Independence Day: Resurgence, Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children, Star Trek Beyond, Suicide Squad, Sully, Warcraft, X-Men: Apocalypse
Second Round: Arrival, The BFG, Captain America: Civil War, Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them, Passengers
First Round: Beauty and the Beast, Ghost in the Shell, Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle, Justice League, Life, Logan, Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales, Spider-Man: Homecoming, Thor: Ragnarok, Wonder Woman
Second Round: Alien: Covenant, Dunkirk, Okja, The Shape of Water, Valerian and the City of a Thousand Planets
First Round: Aquaman, Bumblebee, Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald, Incredibles 2, Isle of Dogs, Mission: Impossible – Fallout, Mortal Engines, The Nutcracker and the Four Realms, Paddington 2, A Quiet Place
Second Round: Ant-Man and the Wasp, Black Panther, Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom, Mary Poppins Returns, Welcome to Marwen
First Round: Ad Astra, The Aeronauts, Aladdin, Dumbo, Hobbs & Shaw, Ford v Ferrari, Jumanji: The Next Level, Men in Black: International, Midway, Spider-Man: Far From Home
Second Round: Alita: Battle Angel, Captain Marvel, Cats, Gemini Man, Terminator: Dark Fate
Birds of Prey, Bloodshot, Mank, Soul, Welcome to Chechnya
Black Widow, Eternals, Ghostbusters: Afterlife, Godzilla vs. Kong, The Matrix Resurrections
Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness, Fantastic Beasts: The Secrets of Dumbledore, Jurassic World Dominion, Nope, Thirteen Lives
First Round: Ant-Man and the Wasp: Quantumania, Aquaman and the Lost Kingdom, Barbie, The Boys in the Boat, Dungeons & Dragons: Honor Among Thieves, Killers of the Flower Moon, The Marvels, Nyad, Transformers: Rise of the Beasts, Wonka
Second Round: Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny, Poor Things, Rebel Moon – Part One: A Child of Fire, Society of the Snow, Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse
First Round: Beetlejuice Beetlejuice, The Fall Guy, Furiosa: A Mad Max Saga, Godzilla x Kong: The New Empire, Ghostbusters: Frozen Empire, Here, A Quiet Place: Day One, Spaceman, The Substance
Second Round: Civil War, Deadpool & Wolverine, Gladiator II, Mufasa: The Lion King, Twisters
First Round: Captain America: Brave New World, The Fantastic Four: First Steps, How to Train Your Dragon, Lilo & Stitch, Mickey 17, A Minecraft Movie, Mission: Impossible – The Final Reckoning, Predator: Badlands, The Running Man, Thunderbolts*
Second Round: The Electric State, Frankenstein, Superman, Tron: Ares, Wicked: For Good

Artists with multiple awards

;8 awards

Dennis Muren

;5 awards

Gordon Jennings
Ken Ralston
Joe Letteri

;4 awards

L.B. Abbott
Richard Edlund
Paul Lambert
Glen Robinson

;3 awards

Randall William Cook
Farciot Edouart
John P. Fulton
Alex Funke
A. Arnold Gillespie
Andrew Lockley
Louis Mesenkop
Gerd Nefzer
Carlo Rambaldi
Jim Rygiel
Stan Winston
Robert Legato

;2 awards

Richard Baneham
Neil Corbould
John Dykstra
Scott R. Fisher
A.D. Flowers
Paul Franklin
Charles Gibson
George Gibbs
Allen Hall
Thomas Howard
Ian Hunter
Brian Johnson
Andrew R. Jones
Eustace Lycett
Robert MacDonald
Tristan Myles
John Nelson
Warren Newcombe
Bruce Nicholson
Guillaume Rocheron
Stephen Rosenbaum
Loren L. Ryder
Fred Sersen
Douglas Shearer
Robert Skotak
Kenneth F. Smith
John Stears
Richard Taylor
Phil Tippett
Bill Westenhofer
Albert Whitlock

Artists with multiple nominations

;15 nominations

Dennis Muren

;13 nominations

Dan Sudick

;12 nominations

A. Arnold Gillespie

;11 nominations

John Frazier
Joe Letteri

;10 nominations

Richard Edlund
Farciot Edouart
Gordon Jennings

;8 nominations

Neil Corbould
Ken Ralston
Fred Sersen

;7 nominations

Nathan Levinson*

;6 nominations

John Bruno
Chris Corbould
Russell Earl
Scott Farrar
Roger Guyett
John Knoll
Douglas Shearer*
John Richardson
Phil Tippett
Stan Winston

;5 nominations

L.B. Abbott
Jack Cosgrove
John Dykstra
John P. Fulton
Roger Heman
Michael Lantieri
Robert Legato
Dan Lemmon
Neal Scanlan

;4 nominations

Daniel Barrett
Tim Burke
Lawrence Butler
Burt Dalton
Jonathan Fawkner
Charles Gibson
Allen Hall
Byron Haskin
Pablo Helman
Hal Hickel
Arthur Johns*
Paul Lambert
Chris Lawrence
Eustace Lycett
Louis Mesenkop
Thomas T. Moulton*
John Nelson
Glen Robinson
Ben Snow
James G. Stewart*
Patrick Tubach
Dominic Tuohy
Vernon L. Walker
Guy Williams

;3 nominations

Scott E. Anderson
Scott Benza
R.O. Binger
Eric Brevig
Bernard B. Brown*
Stéphane Ceretti
Randall William Cook
Paul Corbould
Dan DeLeeuw
George Dutton*
Stefen Fangmeier
Scott R. Fisher
A.D. Flowers
Paul Franklin
Alex Funke
George Gibbs
Bryan Grill
E.H. Hansen*
Richard R. Hoover
Donald Jahraus
Joseph McMillan Johnson
Andrew R. Jones
Anders Langlands
Andrew Lockley
Robert MacDonald
Erik Nash
Gerd Nefzer
Warren Newcombe
Bruce Nicholson
Carlo Rambaldi
Stephen Rosenbaum
Loren Ryder*
Jim Rygiel
Eric Saindon
Roy Seawright
Dave Shirk
Janek Sirrs
Scott Squires
Richard Stammers
Michael Steinore*
Mark Stetson
Scott Stokdyk
Christopher Townsend
Douglas Trumbull
Bill Westenhofer
Albert Whitlock
Richard Yuricich

;2 nominations

Nicolas Aithadi
Matt Aitken
Richard Baneham
Craig Barron
Greg Butler
Matthew E. Butler
David Clayton
Simone Coco
Rob Coleman
Art Cruickshank
Jim Danforth
Nick Davis
Randal M. Dutra
Paul Eagler
Peter Ellenshaw
Joe Farrell
Michael L. Fink
Thomas L. Fisher
Bill George
Swen Gillberg
Alec Gillis
Roy Granville*
Ben Grossmann
Craig Hammack
Ralph Hammeras
Charley Henley
Thomas Howard
Ian Hunter
Joel Hynek
Andrew Jackson
Greg Jein
Harley Jessup
Brian Johnson
Michael Kanfer
Neil Krepela
Anthony LaMolinara
Danny Lee
Milo B. Lory*
Howard Lydecker
Derek Meddings
Michael J. McAlister
Patrick McClung
Grant McCune
Ben Morris
Tristan Myles
Gerd Nefzer
Dan Oliver
Zoran Perisic
Clay Pinney
Kelly Port
Elmer Raguse*
Guillaume Rocheron
Robert Skotak
Robert Skotak
Clarence Slifer
Kenneth F. Smith
John Stears
Richard Taylor
Jon Thum
Adam Valdez
Cameron Waldbauer
Tim Webber
Alex Weldon
Kit West
Jeff White
R. Christopher White
William H. Wilmarth*
Erik Winquist
Trevor Wood
Tom Woodruff Jr.
Hoyt Yeatman
Matthew Yuricich
Habib Zargarpour

Franchises

Multiple awards

;3 Wins

Middle-earth
Star Wars ; 2 Wins
Alien
Avatar
Dune
Indiana Jones
King Kong

Multiple nominations

;14 Nominations

Marvel Cinematic Universe ;10 Nominations
Star Wars ;5 Nominations
Alien
Middle-earth ;4 Nominations
Planet of the Apes ;3 Nominations
Avatar
Avengers
Batman
Guardians of the Galaxy
The Invisible Man
Iron Man
James Bond
Jurassic Park
King Kong
Oz
Pirates of the Caribbean
Spider-Man
Star Trek
Wizarding World ;2 Nominations
Blade Runner
Dune
Indiana Jones
Poltergeist
The Poseidon Adventure
A Space Odyssey
Superman
Transformers

Superlatives

For this Academy Award category, the following superlatives emerge:

Most awards: Dennis Muren 8 awards (resulting from 15 nominations)
Most nominations: Dennis Muren 15 nominations (resulting in 8 awards)
Most nominations without a win: Dan Sudick – 13 nominations Age superlatives:

Record	Recipient	Film	Age	Note
Oldest winner	L.B. Abbott	Logan's Run	68 years, 288 days	Special Achievement Award
Oldest nominee	John Frazier	The Lone Ranger	69 years, 115 days
Youngest winner	Tatsuji Nojima	Godzilla Minus One	25 years, 149 days
Youngest nominee	25 years, 102 days

Notes

References

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