Abilene, Texas

History

Established by cattlemen as a stock shipping point on the Texas and Pacific Railway in 1881, the city was named after Abilene, Kansas, the original endpoint for the Chisholm Trail. The T&P had bypassed the town of Buffalo Gap, the county seat at the time. Eventually, a landowner north of Buffalo Gap, Clabe Merchant, known as the father of Abilene, chose the name for the new town. According to a Dallas newspaper, about 800 people had already begun camping at the townsite before the lots were sold. The town was laid out by Colonel J. Stoddard Johnson, and the auction of lots began early on March 15, 1881. By the end of the first day, 139 lots were sold for a total of $23,810, and another 178 lots were sold the next day for $27,550.

Abilene was incorporated soon after its founding in 1881, and residents began to set their sights on bringing the county seat to Abilene. In a three-to-one vote, they won the county election to do so. In 1888, the Progressive Committee was formed to attract businesses to the area, and in 1890 renamed itself as the Board of Trade. By 1900, 3,411 people lived in Abilene. In that decade, the Board of Trade changed its name to the 25,000 Club, in the hope of reaching a population of 25,000 by the next census. By 1910, though, the population had increased only to 9,204. Another group was formed, the Young Men's Booster Club, which became the Abilene Chamber of Commerce in 1914.

In 1891, the cornerstone was laid for Simmons College, the first of three universities in Abilene. It later developed as Hardin–Simmons University. Childers Classical Institute was founded in 1906, and developed as Abilene Christian University, the largest of the three. In 1923, McMurry College was founded; it later expanded its offerings as McMurry University.

In the late 20th century, Abilene succeeded in gaining branches of Texas State Technical College and Cisco College. Headquarters of the latter institution are located in the city.

In 1940, Abilene raised the money to purchase land to attract establishment of a U.S. Army base southwest of town. It was named Camp Barkeley. When fully operational, it was twice the size of Abilene, with 60,000 men. When the base closed after World War II, many worried that Abilene could become a ghost town, but as the national economy boomed, many veterans returned to start businesses in Abilene.

In the early 1950s, to advocate for an Air Force base, residents raised to purchase 3400 acre of land. The southern block of congressmen gained approval for such a base here. For decades, Dyess Air Force Base has been the city's largest employer, with 6076 employees in 2007.

From 1950 to 1960, Abilene's population nearly doubled, from 45,570 to 90,638. In 1960, a second high school (Cooper High School) was added to the city's school system.

In 1966, the Abilene Zoo was established near Abilene Regional Airport. The following year, one of the most important bond elections in the city's history passed for the funding of the construction of the Abilene Civic Center and the Taylor County Coliseum, as well as major improvements to Abilene Regional Airport. In 1969, the Woodson elementary and high school for black students closed as the city integrated its school system, more than 10 years after the US Supreme Court's ruling in Brown v. Board of Education (1954) that segregation of public schools was unconstitutional.

In 1982, Abilene became the first city in Texas to create a downtown reinvestment zone. Texas State Technical College opened an Abilene branch three years later. The 2,250-bed French Robertson Prison Unit was built in 1989. A half-cent sales tax earmarked for economic development was created after the decline in the petroleum business in the 1980s. A branch of Cisco College was located in the city in 1990.

Several major projects of restoration and new construction: The Grace Museum and Paramount Theatre, and development of Artwalk in 1992, sparked a decade of downtown revitalization. In 2004, Frontier Texas!, a multimedia museum highlighting the history of the area from 1780 to 1880, was constructed. That year, an $8 million, 38 acre Cisco Junior College campus was built at Loop 322 and Industrial Boulevard. Simultaneously, subdivisions and businesses started locating along the freeway, on the same side as the CJC campus. This area attracted Abilene growth on the loop.

Abilene has become the commercial, retail, medical, and transportation hub of a 19-county area more commonly known as "The Big Country", but also known as the "Texas Midwest". It is part of the Central Great Plains ecoregion. By the end of 2005, commercial and residential development had reached record levels in and around the city.

Timeline

• 1881
  • Settlement established.
  • Texas & Pacific Railroad begins operating.
  • Abilene Reporter newspaper begins publication.
• 1883
  • Town of Abilene incorporated.
  • D. B. Corley becomes mayor.
  • Abilene becomes seat of Taylor County.
• 1890 – Population: 3,194.
• 1891 – Simmons College founded.
• 1898 – "Federation" subscription library organized.
• 1903 – Saloons banned in Abilene.
• 1906 – Childers Classical Institute established.
• 1910 – Population: 9,204.
• 1919 – Abilene Zoological Gardens established.
• 1923 – McMurry College established.
• 1924 – First Presbyterian Church built.
• 1925 – Majestic Theater, a major movie theater, opened.
• 1930
  • Paramount Theatre in business.
  • Population: 23,175.
• 1936 – KRBC radio begins broadcasting.
• 1937
  • Abilene Reporter-News in publication.
  • Regional "West Texas Chamber of Commerce" relocated to Abilene.
• 1942 – Temple Mizpah (synagogue) built.
• 1946 – Abilene Blue Sox baseball team formed.
• 1947 – Office of city manager established.
• 1949 – Park Drive-In cinema in business.
• 1950 – Abilene Philharmonic Orchestra active.
• 1953 – KRBC-TV (television) begins broadcasting.
• 1956
  • U.S. military Abilene Air Force Base begins operating.
  • KPAR-TV (television) begins broadcasting.
• 1960 – Population: 90,368.
• 1977 – Abilene Preservation League organized.
• 1978 – Alcohol prohibition ends in Abilene.
• 1979 – Charles Stenholm was elected as the Democratic U.S. representative for Texas's 17th congressional district. He was re-elected for 13 terms.
• 2000 – City website online (approximate date).
• 2001 – World War II-related "12th Armored Division Memorial Museum" opens.
• 2005 – Republican Randy Neugebauer was elected as U.S. representative for Texas's newly redrawn 19th congressional district, including Abilene.
• 2010 – Population: 117,063.
• 2017 – Jodey Arrington becomes U.S. representative for Texas's 19th congressional district.
• 2019 – revamping the downtown area of North Abilene. As of October 2019 a couple of buildings were torn down and Hilton developed a new Double Tree hotel.

Geography

Abilene is located in northeastern Taylor County. The city limits extend north into Jones County. Interstate 20 leads east 149 mi to Fort Worth and west 148 mi to Midland. Three U.S. highways pass through the city. US 83 runs west of the city center, leading north 24 mi to Anson and south 55 mi to Ballinger. US 84 runs with US 83 through the southwestern part of the city but leads southeast 52 mi to Coleman and west with I-20 40 mi to Sweetwater. US 277 follows US 83 around the northwestern side of the city and north to Anson, but heads southwest from Abilene 89 mi to San Angelo.

According to the United States Census Bureau, Abilene has a total area of 290.6 sqkm, of which 276.6 sqkm are land and 14.0 sqkm are covered by water (4.82%). The water area is mainly from three reservoirs in the city: Lytle Lake, southeast of downtown on the western edge of Abilene Regional Airport, Kirby Lake on the southeastern corner of the US 83/84 and Loop 322 interchange, and Lake Fort Phantom Hill in Jones County in northern Abilene. Clear Creek runs through the city just east of downtown, flowing north to Elm Creek and ultimately part of the Brazos River watershed.

The fastest-growing sections of the city are in the southwest, along Southwest Drive, the Winters Freeway, and the Buffalo Gap Road corridor; the southeast, along Loop 322, Oldham Lane, Industrial Drive, and Maple Street; and in the northeast near the intersection of SH 351 and I-20. Many developments have begun in these three areas within the last few years with a citywide focus on the reinvigoration of downtown Abilene.

Climate

According to the Köppen climate classification, Abilene lies at the edge of a humid subtropical climate, with areas to the west being semiarid.

| Jan avg record high F = 78.6 | Feb avg record high F = 82.9 | Mar avg record high F = 88.6 | Apr avg record high F = 93.2 | May avg record high F = 98.6 | Jun avg record high F = 100.1 | Jul avg record high F = 102.6 | Aug avg record high F = 102.4 | Sep avg record high F = 97.5 | Oct avg record high F = 92.4 | Nov avg record high F = 83.2 | Dec avg record high F = 77.9 | year avg record high F = 104.6 | Jan avg record low F = 17.8 | Feb avg record low F = 20.1 | Mar avg record low F = 25.3 | Apr avg record low F = 34.7 | May avg record low F = 45.2 | Jun avg record low F = 59.6 | Jul avg record low F = 65.8 | Aug avg record low F = 63.0 | Sep avg record low F = 49.8 | Oct avg record low F = 35.3 | Nov avg record low F = 24.8 | Dec avg record low F = 18.8 | year avg record low F = 14.0 | Jan record high F = 90 | Feb record high F = 94 | Mar record high F = 98 | Apr record high F = 104 | May record high F = 109 | Jun record high F = 110 | Jul record high F = 110 | Aug record high F = 113 | Sep record high F = 108 | Oct record high F = 103 | Nov record high F = 93 | Dec record high F = 90 | year record high F = 113 | Jan record low F = −9 | Feb record low F = −7 | Mar record low F = 9 | Apr record low F = 25 | May record low F = 33 | Jun record low F = 44 | Jul record low F = 54 | Aug record low F = 48 | Sep record low F = 38 | Oct record low F = 23 | Nov record low F = 13 | Dec record low F = −7 | year record low F = −9 |access-date = May 2, 2023 |access-date = May 2, 2023 Hong Kong Observatory (sun only, 1961–1990){{cite web |access-date = 2011-12-10 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120727162359/http://www.hko.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/n_america/us/abilene_e.htm |archive-date = 2012-07-27

Notable architecture

Notable and historical buildings in Abilene include:

• Hotel Wooten (1930) at 302 Cypress Street downtown, built by grocery entrepreneur H. O. Wooten, at 16 stories tall, is designed after the Drake Hotel in Chicago. It was restored in 2004 as a high-end apartment building.
• First Baptist Church (1954) at 1442 North Second Street has a spire 140 ft from the ground. Pastor Jesse Northcutt oversaw the planning of this building of 325 tons of steel.
• The Church of the Heavenly Rest, Episcopal, at 602 Meander Street, reflects surprising Gothic architecture on the West Texas Plains. Its plaque reads: "No man entering a house ignores him who dwells in it. This is the house of God and He is here."
• The 20-story Enterprise Tower at 500 Chestnut Street, the highest structure in Abilene, rises to 283 ft above the Plains. It is the tallest building in west central Texas and one of the five highest in the western two-thirds of the state.
• The Taylor County Courthouse at 300 Oak Street, with its international architectural style of concrete and pink granite, resembles few other courthouses.
• Paramount Theatre at 352 Cypress Street (opened in 1930 and restored in 1986) had an original 90 ft marquee, with 1,400 lights.
• Lincoln Junior High School, 1699 South First Street. In 2012, the Abilene Independent School District deeded the property to the City of Abilene. This property was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 28, 2012. Built in 1923, the architecture is Gothic Revival and includes two large gargoyles at the entrance and has Gothic and art deco motifs. It opened as Abilene High School in 1924, became Lincoln Junior High in 1955, and Lincoln Middle School in 1985. The campus closed in 2007. As of 2019, the Abilene Heritage Square was renovating the school into "a multipurpose center for learning, making, discovery, building community and innovating and encouraging our city's future businesses." The Abilene Public Library will also use the restored building as the new main branch.

Demographics

| align-fn = center

Racial and ethnic composition

2020 census

As of the 2020 census, Abilene had a population of 125,182, 46,134 households, and 29,111 families. The population density was 1,173.6 /mi2. There were 51,508 housing units at an average density of 482.9 /mi2.

92.6% of residents lived in urban areas, while 7.4% lived in rural areas.

Of the 46,134 households in Abilene, 31.1% had children under the age of 18 living in them; 43.6% were married-couple households; 20.4% had a male householder with no spouse or partner present; 29.5% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present; 29.7% of households were made up of individuals and 10.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

There were 51,508 housing units, of which 10.4% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 54.8% were owner-occupied and 45.2% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.3% and the rental vacancy rate was 11.2%.

The racial makeup was 64.95% (81,300) white or European American (56.23% non-Hispanic white), 10.39% (13,012) black or African-American, 0.89% (1,114) Native American or Alaska Native, 2.22% (2,785) Asian, 0.14% (170) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, 9.26% (11,590) from other races, and 12.15% (15,211) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race accounted for 26.87% (33,634) of the population.

23.0% of the population was under the age of 18, 13.4% were from 18 to 24, 28.0% were from 25 to 44, 21.1% were from 45 to 64, and 14.6% were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33.7 years. For every 100 females there were 102.4 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 101.7 males age 18 and over.

American Community Survey

The 2016–2020 5-year American Community Survey estimates show that the median household income was $52,518 (with a margin of error of +/- $2,091) and the median family income was $67,079 (+/- $3,258). Males had a median income of $32,038 (+/- $1,216) versus $22,765 (+/- $1,577) for females, and the median income for those 16 years and older was $27,110 (+/- $739). Approximately 9.9% of families and 15.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.8% of those under the age of 18 and 9.5% of those ages 65 or over.

The average household size was 2.5 and the average family size was 3.1. The percent of residents with a bachelor's degree or higher was estimated to be 16.5% of the population.

At the 2020 American Community Survey, the median household income in the city was $52,518 and the mean household income was $70,807.

2010 census

As of the 2010 census, Abilene had a population of 117,063.

The racial and ethnic makeup in 2010 was 62.4% non-Hispanic White, 9.6% Black or African American, 0.7% Native American, 1.7% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.1% non-Hispanic reporting some other race, 3.3% of two or more races, and 24.5% Hispanic or Latino.

2000 census

As of the 2000 census, 115,930 people, 41,570 households, and 28,101 families resided in the city. The population density was 1,102.7 PD/sqmi. The 45,618 housing units averaged 433.9 /mi2.

In 2000, the racial makeup of the city was 78.07% white, 8.81% African American, 0.55% Native American, 1.33% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 8.73% from other races, and 2.44% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 19.45% of the population.

At the 2000 census, the median income for a household in the city was $33,007, and for a family was $40,028. Males had a median income of $28,078 versus $20,918 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,577. About 10.9% of families and 15.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.6% of those under age 18 and 9.2% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

The economy in Abilene was originally based on the livestock and agricultural sectors,

Top employers

According to the city's 2024 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report, Abilene's top employers are:

Government and infrastructure

The Texas Department of Criminal Justice (TDCJ) operates the Abilene District Parole Office in the city. The Robertson Unit prison and the Middleton Unit transfer unit are in Abilene and in Jones County.

The United States Postal Service operates the Abilene Post Office and the Abilene Southern Hills Post Office.

On June 17, 2017, Abilene elected its first African-American mayor, Anthony Williams.

• D. B. Corley, 1883–1885
• G. A. Kirkland, 1885–1886
• D. W. Wristen, 1886–1891
• H. A. Porter, 1891–1893
• D. W. Wristen, 1893–1897
• A. M. Robertson, 1897–1899
• John Bowyers, 1899–1901
• F. C. Digby Roberts, 1901–1904
• R. W. Ellis, 1904–1905
• Morgan Weaver, 1905–1907
• E. N. Kirby, 1906–1919
• Dallas Scarborough, 1919–1923
• Charles E. Coombes, 1923–1927
• Thomas E. Hayden, 1927–1931
• Lee R. York, 1931–1933
• C. L. Johnson, 1933–1937
• Will Hair, 1937–1947
• B. R. Blankenship, 1947–1949
• Hudson Smart, 1949–1951
• Ernest Grissom, 1951–1953
• C. E. Gatlin, 1953–1957
• Jess F. (T-Bone) Winters, 1957–1959
• George L Minter, 1959–1961
• C. R. Kinard, 1961–1963
• W. L. Byrd, 1963–1966
• Ralph N. Hooks, 1966–1969
• J. C. Hunter Jr., 1969–1975
• Fred Lee Hughes, 1975–1978
• Oliver Howard, 1978–1981
• Elbert E. Hall, 1981–1984
• David Stubbeman, 1984–1987
• Dale E. Ferguson, 1987–1990
• Gary D. McCaleb, 1990–1999
• Grady Barr, 1999–2004
• Norm Archibald, 2004–2017
• Anthony Williams, 2017–2023
• Weldon Hurt, 2023–present

Education

Primary education

, within Taylor County, most of Abilene is in the Abilene Independent School District (AISD), while portions extend into Wylie Independent School District (WISD), Eula Independent School District and Merkel Independent School District. Within Jones County, most of Abilene is in AISD, while portions extend into Clyde Consolidated Independent School District and Hawley Independent School District.

High schools include Abilene High School and Cooper High School of AISD, and Wylie High School of WISD.

Colleges and universities

Abilene is home to six colleges, three of which are religiously affiliated. Hardin–Simmons University is the oldest, founded in 1891. Abilene Christian University is the largest with 2012 undergraduate enrollment at 4,371.

The Texas Legislature designated Taylor County as being in the Cisco Junior College District, while it designated Jones County as being in the Western Texas College District.

Healthcare

Hendrick Medical Center includes two large hospital campuses on the north and south sides of Abilene, and is one of the city's largest employers. It is one of seven healthcare institutions affiliated with the Baptist General Convention of Texas.

The Presbyterian Medical Care Mission was founded in 1983 as a medical and dental clinic. Its services are focused to low-income individuals and families without insurance.

Culture

The cultural aspects of Abilene revolve around a mix of the local college and university campuses, the agriculture community of the surrounding area, and a growing nightlife scene in the downtown area. Abilene is also home to the restored Paramount Theatre, the Abilene Philharmonic Orchestra, the Grace Museum, the Center for Contemporary Arts, the National Center for Children's Illustrated Literature, The Abilene Zoo, Frontier Texas!, the 12th Armored Division Museum, the Taylor County Expo Center, the Abilene Convention Center, six libraries (three private, three public), 26 public parks, six television stations, a daily newspaper, and several radio stations, including one NPR station (89.5 KACU).

Media

Newspapers

The Abilene Reporter-News is the primary daily newspaper of the city of Abilene and the surrounding Big Country area.

Television

• KRBC-TV (NBC)
• KTES-LD (TBD)
• KTXS-TV (ABC)
• KTAB-TV (CBS)
• KXVA-TV (FOX)

Radio

• 88.1 FM KGNZ (Christian contemporary)
• 89.5 FM KACU (Public Radio)
• 90.5 FM KAGT (Christian contemporary)
• 91.3 FM KAQD (Religious)
• 91.7 FM KQOS (Religious)
• 92.5 FM KMWX (Red Dirt Country)
• 93.3 FM KBGT (Tejano)
• 94.1 FM KVVO-LP (Inspirational Country)
• 95.1 FM KABW (Country)
• 96.1 FM KORQ (Farm, Country)
• 98.1 FM KTLT (Active Rock)
• 99.7 FM KBCY (Country)
• 100.7 FM KULL (Classic hits)
• 101.7 FM KABT (Americana and red dirt country)
• 102.7 FM KHXS (Classic Rock)
• 103.7 FM KCDD (Top 40)
• 105.1 FM KEAN (Country)
• 106.3 FM KTJK (variety hits)
• 106.9 FM KLGD (Country)
• 107.9 FM KEYJ (Active Rock)
• 1280 AM KSLI (Country)
• 1340 AM KWKC (News Talk)
• 1470 AM KYYW (News Talk)
• 1560 AM KZQQ (Sports talk)

Transportation

Major highways

• [[File:I-20 (TX).svg|32px]] Interstate 20
• [[File:Business Loop 20.svg|32px]] Business Loop 20
• [[File:US 80.svg|32px]] US 80 (former)
• [[File:US 83.svg|32px]] US 83
• [[File:US 84.svg|32px]] US 84
• [[File:US 277.svg|32px]] US 277
• [[File:Texas 36.svg|32px]] SH 36
• [[File:Texas Loop 322.svg|32px]] Loop 322
• [[File:Texas 351.svg|32px]] SH 351
• [[File:Texas FM 89.svg|32px]] FM 89 (Buffalo Gap Road)
• [[File:Texas FM 600.svg|32px]] FM 600
• [[File:Texas FM 707.svg|32px]] FM 707 (Beltway South)
• [[File:Texas FM 18.svg|32px]] UR 18
• [[File:Texas FM 3438.svg|32px]] UR 3438

Airport

The city of Abilene is served by Abilene Regional Airport.

Notable people

• Ken Baumann, actor
• Raleigh Brown, member of the Texas House of Representatives and a state-court judge
• Doyle Brunson, two-time World Series of Poker champion, attended and played basketball at Hardin–Simmons College
• Randall "Tex" Cobb, heavyweight boxer and actor
• Charles Coody, Masters-winning professional golfer (from Stamford and Abilene) — graduate of ACU
• Carole Cook, an actress, was born January 14, 1924, in Abilene as Mildred Frances Cook
• Roy Crane, nationally syndicated cartoonist (Wash Tubbs, Captain Easy, Buz Sawyer)
• Dorian, hip hop recording artist, was born in Abilene
• Bob Estes, professional golfer
• W. C. Friley, first president of Hardin–Simmons University, 1892–1894
• Billy Gillispie, former Texas Tech University Red Raiders, Kentucky, and Texas A&M men's basketball coach
• Ryan Guzman, actor
• Homer Hailey (1903–2000), Church of Christ clergyman and professor at Abilene Christian University
• David W. Harper (born 1961), actor, played James Robert Walton on CBS television series The Waltons, 1972–1981
• Kristy Hawkins (born 1980), IFBB professional bodybuilder
• Jerry Herron (born 1949), dean of Wayne State University Honors College
• Katie Hill, former U.S. congresswoman from CA-25
• Micah P. Hinson, indie rock singer
• Gregory Hoblit, film director
• Robert Dean Hunter, member of Texas House of Representatives from Abilene, 1986–2007; vice president emeritus of Abilene Christian University
• Bill Jones, former NFL player for the Kansas City Chiefs
• Morgan Jones, railroad builder
• Rainy Day Jordan, Playboy playmate (Miss December 2011)
• Ashley Kavanaugh, public official and former political aide; wife of Supreme Court Justice Brett Kavanaugh
• Case Keenum, quarterback for the Houston Texans
• Johnny Knox, former wide receiver for the Chicago Bears
• John Lackey, former starting pitcher for the Chicago Cubs
• Deirdre Lovejoy, best known for her role as Assistant State's Attorney Rhonda Pearlman on HBO's The Wire
• Billy Maxwell, golfer, winner of seven PGA Tour events
• Mildred Paxton Moody, wife of Governor Dan Moody
• Bobby Morrow, three-time gold medal winner at 1956 Olympic Games in Melbourne, named Sportsman of the Year in 1956 by Sports Illustrated
• Scott Nagy, head coach of the Wright State University men's basketball team, and former head coach for South Dakota State University men's basketball
• Billy Olson, pole vaulter (1988 Summer Olympics, for the U.S. team that boycotted the 1980 Summer Olympics); held several world records
• Ty O'Neal, rodeo cowboy and film actor
• Terry Orr, tight end for the Washington Redskins — played for CHS
• Fess Parker (1924–2010), actor and hotel and winery owner, attended Hardin–Simmons University, played football at HSU before transferring to University of Texas, starred in TV as Davy Crockett and Daniel Boone
• Lee Roy Parnell, country musician
• Vinnie Paul (1964–2018), born in Abilene; musician, co-founder, and drummer of heavy metal band Pantera and Damageplan, drummer of Hellyeah
• Charles Perry, member of Texas Senate from Lubbock, was born in Abilene in 1962
• Dominic Rhodes, born in Waco Texas, football player for Cooper High School, NFL football player for Indianapolis Colts
• Lou Halsell Rodenberger, author and biographer of Jane Gilmore Rushing, professor at McMurry University
• Rick Roderick, philosopher
• Bill Sharman, Hall-of-Fame NBA basketball player and coach, born in Abilene
• Jessica Simpson, singer and actress, born in Abilene
• Jorge A. Solis (born 1951), U.S. federal judge, 5th Circuit
• Rawson Stovall, video game producer/designer, author, and first nationally syndicated reviewer of video games
• Steven Stucky, Pulitzer Prize-winning American composer
• Sarah Weddington, lawyer, represented "Jane Roe" in case of Roe v. Wade
• Ann Wedgeworth, actress
• Mason Williams, musician, best known for his guitar instrumental "Classical Gas"

Sister cities

• USA Abilene, Kansas

References

Bibliography

• {{cite book |chapter-url= https://archive.org/stream/texasstategazett01rlpo#page/n213/mode/2up
• {{cite book |chapter-url= https://archive.org/stream/texasstategazett31rlpo#page/n273/mode/2up
• {{cite book |url=https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth160206/ |via=University of North Texas |title= Abilene City Directory |publisher=John F. Worley Directory Co. |location=Dallas |year= 1919
• {{Citation |chapter-url= https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015002677667?urlappend=%3Bseq=574 |author-link=Federal Writers' Project
• {{cite book |url=https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth160213 |via=University of North Texas |title= Abilene City Directory |publisher=John F. Worley Directory Co. |location=Dallas |year= 1946
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• {{cite book|author1=Tracy M. Shilcutt|author2=David A. Coffey|author3=Donald S. Frazier|title=Historic Abilene: An Illustrated History |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wsYfK04hEg0C|publisher=Historical Publishing Network "for the Abilene Preservation League" |location=San Antonio |isbn=978-1-893619-06-7 |year= 2000
• {{cite book |editor= David J. Wishart |title=Encyclopedia of the Great Plains |year=2004 |chapter-url=http://plainshumanities.unl.edu/encyclopedia/doc/egp.ct.000.xml |publisher= University of Nebraska Press |isbn= 0-8032-4787-7
• {{cite book |title= Abilene Landmarks: An Illustrated Tour |author1=Donald S. Frazier |author2= Robert F. Pace |publisher= State House Press |isbn= 9781933337302 |year= 2009
• {{cite book
• {{cite book|editor1=Glenn Dromgoole|editor2=Jay Moore|editor3=Joe W. Specht|title=Abilene Stories: From Then to Now |year=2013|publisher=Abilene Christian University Press|isbn=978-0-89112-368-2
• Lost Abilene: Images of America, Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing. 2013.
• {{cite book|author=David G. McComb |title=The City in Texas: a History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q8EvBgAAQBAJ|year=2015|publisher=University of Texas Press|isbn=978-0-292-76746-1

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82. {{IMDb name. 0917190