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2MASS J0441+2301

Young star system in the constellation Taurus

2MASS J0441+2301

Young star system in the constellation Taurus

2MASS J0441+2301 (abbreviated as 2M 0441+23) is a young quadruple system hosting a planetary-mass object, a red dwarf star and two brown dwarfs, approximately 470 light years (145 parsecs) away.

The 2MASS J04414489+2301513 Bab (abbreviated as 2M J044144) primary (a brown dwarf) has a large separation (12.4 arcseconds) companion, 2MASS J04414565+2301580 Aab (abbreviated as 2M J044145), which in turn has a nearby small separation substellar companion (separation of 0.23 arcseconds to the northeast). 2M J044145 has similar proper motion to 2M J044144 and is likely physically associated with the system. The entire system of 4 objects is then a hierarchical quadruple of two binary objects orbiting each other. The primary component Aa has a spectral type of M4.5 and a red apparent magnitude of 14.2. Both components seem to be accreting mass from their stellar disks, as shown by their emission lines. The four objects have a total mass of only 26% of the Sun, making it the quadruple star system with the lowest mass known.

Planetary system

Artist's impression of the 2M 0441+23 system

The primary is orbited by a companion about 5–10 times the mass of Jupiter. The mass of the primary brown dwarf is roughly 20 times the mass of Jupiter and its age is roughly one million years.

References

References

  1. (2003). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)". CDS/ADC Collection of Electronic Catalogues.
  2. (2012). "The fourth US Naval Observatory CCD Astrograph Catalog (UCAC4)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog.
  3. (2015). "Near-infrared Spectroscopy of 2M0441+2301 AabBab: A Quadruple System Spanning the Stellar to Planetary Mass Regimes". The Astrophysical Journal.
  4. (2010). "Discovery of a Planetary-Mass Companion to a Brown Dwarf in Taurus". The Astrophysical Journal.
  5. (2011-07-01). "THE ''SPITZER'' INFRARED SPECTROGRAPH SURVEY OF T TAURI STARS IN TAURUS". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series.
  6. {{cite Gaia EDR3. 146487556211644544
  7. {{cite Gaia EDR3. 146487560507840768
  8. (2014). "A Search for Companions to Brown Dwarfs in the Taurus and Chamaeleon Star-Forming Regions". The Astrophysical Journal.
  9. (2010-04-07). "Hubble spots giant planet orbiting tiny star". [[USA Today]].
  10. 2MASS J04414489+2301513
  11. {{cite EPE
  12. (June 2022). "The IAU working definition of an exoplanet". New Astronomy Reviews.
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multiple-star-systems brown-dwarfs taurus-(constellation) m-type-brown-dwarfs planetary-systems-with-one-confirmed-planet t-tauri-stars
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