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2014 United States Senate election in Michigan

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FieldValue
election_name2014 United States Senate election in Michigan
countryMichigan
typepresidential
ongoingno
previous_election2008 United States Senate election in Michigan
previous_year2008
next_election2020 United States Senate election in Michigan
next_year2020
election_dateNovember 4, 2014
image_sizex150px
image1File:U.S. Rep. Gary Peters 2013 Official Photo.jpg
nominee1Gary Peters
party1Democratic Party (United States)
popular_vote11,704,936
percentage154.61%
image2File:Terri Lynn Land portrait crop.jpg
nominee2Terri Lynn Land
party2Republican Party (United States)
popular_vote21,290,199
percentage241.33%
map_captionPeters:
Land:
Tie:
titleU.S. Senator
before_electionCarl Levin
before_partyDemocratic Party (United States)
after_electionGary Peters
after_partyDemocratic Party (United States)
map{{switcher

Land:
Tie: |[[File:2014 United States Senate election in Michigan results map by county.svg|300px]] |County results |[[File:2014 United States Senate election in Michigan results map by congressional district.svg|300px]] |Congressional district results |[[File:2014 United States Senate election in Michigan results map by municipality.svg|300px]] |Municipality results |[[File:2014 United States Senate election in Michigan results map by precinct.svg|270px]] |Precinct results}} The 2014 United States Senate election in Michigan was held on November 4, 2014, to elect a member of the United States Senate to represent the State of Michigan, concurrently with the election of the governor of Michigan, as well as other elections to the United States Senate in other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections.

Incumbent Democratic Senator Carl Levin decided to retire instead of running for a seventh term. Primary contests took place on August 5, 2014, with U.S. Representative Gary Peters and former Michigan Secretary of State Terri Lynn Land unopposed on the Democratic and Republican primary ballots, respectively. Peters defeated Land in the general election, becoming the only freshman Democratic senator in the 114th Congress.

This was the first open seat election in Michigan since 1994 and the first on this seat since 1918. This was the first election since 1990 that the winner was of a different party than the concurrent gubernatorial election.

Democratic primary

Candidates

Declared

  • Gary Peters, U.S. Representative

Failed to qualify

  • Terry Whitney, technology executive

Declined

  • Shane Battier, National Basketball Association player
  • Jocelyn Benson, Dean of Wayne State University Law School and nominee for Michigan Secretary of State in 2010
  • Virgil Bernero, Mayor of Lansing and nominee for Governor in 2010
  • Mark Bernstein, attorney and Regent of the University of Michigan
  • James Blanchard, former governor of Michigan
  • Debbie Dingell, chairman of the Wayne State University board of governors and wife of U.S. Representative John Dingell (running for MI-12)
  • Jennifer Granholm, former governor of Michigan
  • Dan Kildee, U.S. Representative
  • Carl Levin, incumbent U.S. Senator
  • Sander Levin, U.S. Representative and Carl Levin's brother
  • Gretchen Whitmer, Minority Leader of the Michigan Senate

Endorsements

Politicians

  • Jennifer Granholm, former governor of Michigan
  • Mark Hackel, Macomb County Executive
  • Dan Kildee, U.S. Representative (MI-05)
  • Carl Levin, U.S. Senator (D-MI)
  • Anthony Marrocco, Macomb County Public Works Commissioner
  • Carmella Sabaugh, Macomb County Clerk
  • Eric Smith, Macomb County Prosecutor
  • Debbie Stabenow, U.S. Senator (D-MI)
  • Ted Wahby, Macomb County Treasurer
  • Anthony Wickersham, Macomb County Sheriff

Newspapers and other media

  • Detroit Free Press
  • Detroit News
  • Lansing State Journal
  • MLive Media Group
  • Traverse City Record-Eagle

Organizations

  • Michigan Credit Union League
  • Sierra Club

Polling

Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorDeborah
DingellJennifer
GranholmDan
KildeeGary
PetersOtherUndecided
—Harper PollingMarch 9–10, 2013—±23.29%57.50%6.40%12.81%45%
Mitchell ResearchMarch 19 & 21, 2013387±4.98%30%—

Results

Republican primary

After Terri Lynn Land declared her candidacy in June 2013, Republicans attempted to recruit U.S. Representative Dave Camp and Oakland County District Court Judge Kimberly Small to run instead. Camp, after earlier having said that he was not interested in running, reconsidered it, and Land indicated that she would consider dropping out if Camp decided to run. Republicans were initially reluctant to rally around Land, but after Camp and Small declined to run, other Republicans like U.S. Representative Justin Amash and Holland Mayor Kurt Dykstra also said no, and a late attempt to convince cardiologist Rob Steele to run failed, Land emerged as the de facto nominee.

Candidates

Declared

  • Terri Lynn Land, former member of the Republican National Committee and former Michigan Secretary of State

Withdrew

  • Matthew Wiedenhoeft, businessman and former minor league hockey player and coach (running for the state house)

Declined

  • Justin Amash, U.S. Representative
  • Saul Anuzis, former chairman of the Michigan Republican Party
  • Dave Brandon, University of Michigan Athletic Director
  • Brian Calley, Lieutenant Governor of Michigan
  • Dave Camp, U.S. Representative
  • Mike Cox, former Michigan Attorney General
  • Betsy DeVos, former chairman of the Michigan Republican Party
  • Dick DeVos, businessman and nominee for Governor in 2006
  • Clark Durant, charter school advocate and candidate for the U.S. Senate in 1990 and 2012
  • Kurt Dykstra, Mayor of Holland
  • John Engler, former governor of Michigan
  • Pete Hoekstra, former U.S. Representative and 2012 Senate nominee
  • Ruth Johnson, Michigan Secretary of State
  • Roger Kahn, state senator
  • Pete Lund, Majority Whip of the Michigan House of Representatives
  • Ronna McDaniel, Republican National Committeewoman and member of the Romney family
  • Candice Miller, U.S. Representative
  • Jim Murray, president of AT&T Michigan
  • Andrea Fischer Newman, Regent of the University of Michigan
  • John Rakolta, businessman
  • Randy Richardville, Majority Leader of the Michigan Senate
  • Mike Rogers, U.S. Representative
  • Scott Romney, former member of the Michigan State University board of trustees, candidate for Attorney General of Michigan in 1998 and member of the Romney family
  • Bill Schuette, Michigan Attorney General
  • Kimberly Small, judge on Michigan's 48th District Court
  • Rob Steele, cardiologist

Endorsements

Politicians

  • Brian Calley, Lieutenant Governor of Michigan
  • Pete Hoekstra, former U.S. Representative (MI-02), candidate for Governor in 2010 and nominee for the U.S. Senate in 2012
  • Candice Miller, U.S. Representative (MI-10) and former Michigan Secretary of State
  • Rob Montilla, Chairman of the Macomb County Republican Party
  • Rick Santorum, former U.S. Senator from Pennsylvania and candidate for President of the United States in 2012

Organizations

  • GOProud, gay conservative organization
  • Right to Life of Michigan PAC

Polling

Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorJustin
AmashSaul
AnuzisDave
CampKurt
DykstraRoger
KahnTerri Lynn
LandPete
LundJim
MurrayMike
RogersG. Scott
RomneyRonna Romney
McDanielKimberly
SmallRob
SteeleUndecided
Harper PollingMarch 9–10, 20131,744±2.35%10.57%————8.94%——17.07%25.85%———37.56%
Mitchell ResearchMarch 19 & 21, 2013438±4.68%18%————11%——21%—19%——31%
Murray Comm'sMay 20, 20131,158±4.68%10.28%1.38%—9.93%5.18%28.84%4.66%1.21%35.66%———2.85%—
PPPMay 30 – June 2, 2013334±5.4%16%7%21%—1%15%——18%——2%1%20%
Harper PollingSeptember 4, 2013958±3.17%———16%—45%—————2%4%33%
—————50%——————13%37%

Results

Minor parties

Libertarian Party

  • Robert James "Jim" Fulner

U.S. Taxpayers Party

  • Richard A. Matkin

Green Party

  • Chris Wahmhoff

Independents

Candidates

Declared

  • Jeff Jones, retired financial services industry worker and pastor
  • Paul Marineau, attorney and former mayor pro tem of Douglas

General election

Campaign

Early on, the open seat was considered to be competitive. However, various missteps by the Land campaign as well as Land's reluctance to appear in public after suffering a meltdown in front of the media in May, weighed down the Land campaign, allowing Peters to open up a consistent lead in the polls beginning in September. The Republican establishment effectively gave up on Land's campaign the following month.

Debates

Peters agreed to four debates; Land did not respond to invitations. Negotiations between the Land and Peters campaigns broke down over the format of proposed debates between the two candidates.

Predictions

SourceRankingAs of
The Cook Political ReportNovember 3, 2014
Sabato's Crystal BallNovember 3, 2014
Rothenberg Political ReportNovember 3, 2014
Real Clear PoliticsNovember 3, 2014

Polling

Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorGary
Peters (D)Terri Lynn
Land (R)OtherUndecided
Harper PollingMarch 9–10, 20131,744± 2.35%21%29%—50%
Mitchell ResearchMarch 19 & 21, 2013571± 4.1%33%32%—35%
Public Policy PollingMay 30 – June 2, 2013697± 3.7%41%36%—23%
Denno ResearchJuly 23–24, 2013600± 4%39%39%—22%
Mitchell ResearchAugust 26, 20131,881± 2.23%36%39%—25%
EPIC-MRASeptember 7–10, 2013600± 4%38%37%—25%
MRG/Mitchell ResearchOctober 6–10, 2013600± 4%39%40%—21%
Public Policy PollingOctober 14–15, 2013642± 3.9%43%36%—21%
Inside Michigan PoliticsOctober 29, 2013794± 4%43%38%—19%
Denno ResearchNovember 12–14, 2013600± 4%37%36%—27%
Public Policy PollingDecember 5–8, 20131,034± 3%40%42%—18%
Harper PollingJanuary 7–8, 20141,004± 3.09%36%44%—20%
Rasmussen ReportsJanuary 14–15, 2014500± 4.5%35%37%8%20%
Harper PollingJanuary 19–20, 2014750± 3.58%37%42%—21%
EPIC-MRAFebruary 5–11, 2014600± 4%38%41%—21%
Clarity CampaignsFebruary 22–23, 2014859± 2.55%46%40%—14%
Denno ResearchMarch 9–10, 2014600± 4%40%37%2%22%
Marketing Resource GroupMarch 24–28, 2014600± 4.1%38%40%—22%
Public Policy PollingApril 3–6, 2014825± 3.4%41%36%—23%
Mitchell ResearchApril 9, 20141,460± 2.56%38%44%—18%
Harper PollingApril 7–8, 2014538± 4.22%40%43%—18%
Magellan StrategiesApril 14–15, 2014875± 3.31%46%41%8%5%
Hickman AnalyticsApril 24–30, 2014502± 4.4%42%37%—21%
EPIC-MRAMay 17–20, 2014600± 4%44%38%—18%
Glengariff GroupMay 20–22, 2014600± 4.3%40%35%—25%
Mitchell ResearchJune 6, 2014961± 3.16%45%42%—14%
Magellan StrategiesJune 5 & 8, 2014753± 3.57%50%41%5%4%
Public Policy PollingJune 26–29, 2014578± 4.1%41%36%—24%
NBC News/MaristJuly 7–10, 2014870± 3.3%43%37%2%19%
Denno ResearchJuly 9–11, 2014600± 4%40%37%—23%
EPIC-MRAJuly 12–15, 2014600± 4%45%36%—19%
Mitchell ResearchJuly 7–17, 2014600± 4%43%38%—19%
CBS News/NYT/YouGovJuly 5–24, 20143,849± 2.8%44%45%1%10%
Benenson Strategy GroupJuly 26–29, 2014900± 3.2%47%42%—11%
Rasmussen ReportsJuly 28–29, 2014750± 4%45%39%6%10%
Marketing Resource GroupJuly 26–30, 2014600± 4%47%40%—13%
Harper PollingAugust 4–5, 2014549± 4.18%45%44%—11%
Mitchell ResearchAugust 5, 2014626± 5%45%44%—11%
Lake Research PartnersAugust 6–11, 2014800± 3.5%42%38%—19%
EPIC-MRAAugust 22–25, 2014600± 4%45%39%—16%
Mitchell ResearchAugust 27, 20141,004± 3.09%46%44%—10%
CBS News/NYT/YouGovAugust 18 – September 2, 20142,897± 3%42%43%2%13%
Glengariff GroupSeptember 3–5, 2014600± 4%47%37%4%13%
Public Policy PollingSeptember 4–7, 2014687± 3.7%43%36%7%13%
45%40%—15%
SuffolkSeptember 6–10, 2014500± 4.4%46%37%6%11%
Denno ResearchSeptember 11–13, 2014600± 4%45%38%—18%
Mitchell ResearchSeptember 14, 2014829± 3.4%43%41%8%9%
Magellan StrategiesSeptember 14–15, 2014717± 3.66%45%40%5%5%
Rasmussen ReportsSeptember 17–18, 2014750± 4%41%39%5%15%
We Ask AmericaSeptember 18–19, 20141,182± 3%42%39%5%14%
Public Policy PollingSeptember 18–19, 2014852± 3.4%47%40%—13%
Target InsyghtSeptember 22–24, 2014616± 4%48%38%6%7%
EPIC-MRASeptember 25–29, 2014600± 4%42%33%11%14%
Mitchell ResearchSeptember 29, 20141,178± 2.86%49%36%5%9%
Lake Research PartnersSeptember 27–30, 2014600± 4%45%36%—18%
CBS News/NYT/YouGovSeptember 20 – October 1, 20142,560± 2%46%41%2%11%
Marketing Resource GroupSeptember 30 – October 2, 2014600± 4%47%36%—16%
Public Policy PollingOctober 2–3, 2014654± 3.8%49%42%—9%
Glengariff GroupOctober 2–4, 2014600± 4%44%35%6%15%
Wenzel StrategiesOctober 6–7, 2014615± 3.93%47%44%—9%
Mitchell ResearchOctober 9, 20141,306± 2.71%48%43%4%6%
Mitchell ResearchOctober 12, 20141,340± 2.68%50%39%4%8%
Lake Research PartnersOctober 11–13, 2014?± ?49%37%—14%
Clarity Campaign LabsOctober 12–14, 2014967± 3.16%49%36%—18%
EPIC-MRAOctober 17–19, 2014600± 4%45%34%4%16%
Mitchell ResearchOctober 19, 2014919± 3.23%51%38%4%7%
Clarity Campaign LabsOctober 19–20, 20141,032± ?48%33%—19%
Public Policy PollingOctober 20–21, 2014723± ?53%39%—8%
Rasmussen ReportsOctober 20–22, 20141,000± 3%51%42%3%4%
CBS News/NYT/YouGovOctober 16–23, 20142,394± 3%49%41%1%10%
Glengariff GroupOctober 22–24, 2014600± 4%48%33%6%14%
Mitchell ResearchOctober 27, 20141,159± 2.88%52%38%5%5%
EPIC-MRAOctober 26–28, 2014600± 4%50%35%5%10%
Public Policy PollingNovember 1–2, 2014914± 3.2%51%38%4%6%
54%41%—5%
Mitchell ResearchNovember 2, 20141,224± 2.8%52%40%4%4%

With Dingell

Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorDeborah
Dingell (D)Justin
Amash (R)OtherUndecided
Mitchell ResearchMarch 19 & 21, 20131,744± 2.35%38%28%—34%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorDeborah
Dingell (D)Terri Lynn
Land (R)OtherUndecided
Mitchell ResearchMarch 19 & 21, 20131,744± 2.35%31%35%—34%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorDeborah
Dingell (D)Mike
Rogers (R)OtherUndecided
Mitchell ResearchMarch 19 & 21, 20131,744± 2.35%34%29%—37%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorDeborah
Dingell (D)Ronna Romney
McDaniel (R)OtherUndecided
Mitchell ResearchMarch 19 & 21, 20131,744± 2.35%36%29%—35%

With Granholm

Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorJennifer
Granholm (D)Justin
Amash (R)OtherUndecided
Harper PollingMarch 9–10, 20131,744± 2.35%42%34%—23%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorJennifer
Granholm (D)Terri Lynn
Land (R)OtherUndecided
Harper PollingMarch 9–10, 20131,744± 2.35%43%40%—17%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorJennifer
Granholm (D)Mike
Rogers (R)OtherUndecided
Harper PollingMarch 9–10, 20131,744± 2.35%42%40%—18%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorJennifer
Granholm (D)G. Scott
Romney (R)OtherUndecided
Harper PollingMarch 9–10, 20131,744± 2.35%43%40%—17%

With Levin

Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorCarl
Levin (D)Justin
Amash (R)OtherUndecided
Public Policy PollingDecember 13–16, 2012650± 3.8%53%32%—15%
Public Policy PollingMarch 2–4, 2013702± 3.7%49%34%—18%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorCarl
Levin (D)Roger
Kahn (R)OtherUndecided
Public Policy PollingDecember 13–16, 2012650± 3.8%53%31%—17%
Public Policy PollingMarch 2–4, 2013702± 3.7%50%30%—20%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorCarl
Levin (D)Candice
Miller (R)OtherUndecided
Public Policy PollingDecember 13–16, 2012650± 3.8%52%34%—14%
Public Policy PollingMarch 2–4, 2013702± 3.7%46%35%—19%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorCarl
Levin (D)Mike
Rogers (R)OtherUndecided
Public Policy PollingDecember 13–16, 2012650± 3.8%55%31%—14%
Public Policy PollingMarch 2–4, 2013702± 3.7%49%33%—18%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorCarl
Levin (D)Bill
Schuette (R)OtherUndecided
Public Policy PollingDecember 13–16, 2012650± 3.8%54%32%—15%
Public Policy PollingMarch 2–4, 2013702± 3.7%51%32%—17%

With LOLGOP

Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorLOLGOP (D)Justin
Amash (R)OtherUndecided
Public Policy PollingMay 30 – June 2, 2013697± 3.7%23%22%—55%

With Peters

Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorGary
Peters (D)Justin
Amash (R)OtherUndecided
Harper PollingMarch 9–10, 20131,744± 2.35%23%19%—57%
Mitchell ResearchMarch 19 & 21, 20131,744± 2.35%39%29%—32%
Public Policy PollingMay 30 – June 2, 2013697± 3.7%42%30%—29%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorGary
Peters (D)Saul
Anuzis (R)OtherUndecided
Public Policy PollingMay 30 – June 2, 2013697± 3.7%44%24%—32%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorGary
Peters (D)Dave
Camp (R)OtherUndecided
Public Policy PollingMay 30 – June 2, 2013697± 3.7%43%31%—26%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorGary
Peters (D)Kurt
Dykstra (R)OtherUndecided
Mitchell ResearchAugust 26, 20131,881± 2.23%38%37%—25%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorGary
Peters (D)Roger
Kahn (R)OtherUndecided
Public Policy PollingMay 30 – June 2, 2013697± 3.7%44%26%—30%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorGary
Peters (D)Mike
Rogers (R)OtherUndecided
Harper PollingMarch 9–10, 20131,744± 2.35%20%23%—57%
Mitchell ResearchMarch 19 & 21, 20131,744± 2.35%36%31%—33%
EPIC-MRAMay 11–15, 2013600± 4%37%30%—33%
Public Policy PollingMay 30 – June 2, 2013697± 3.7%42%32%—25%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorGary
Peters (D)G. Scott
Romney (R)OtherUndecided
Harper PollingMarch 9–10, 20131,744± 2.35%26%29%—45%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorGary
Peters (D)Ronna Romney
McDaniel (R)OtherUndecided
Mitchell ResearchMarch 19 & 21, 20131,744± 2.35%36%29%—35%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorGary
Peters (D)Kimberly
Small (R)OtherUndecided
Public Policy PollingMay 30 – June 2, 2013697± 3.7%42%26%—32%
Poll sourceDate(s)
administeredSample
sizeMargin of
errorGary
Peters (D)Rob
Steele (R)OtherUndecided
Public Policy PollingMay 30 – June 2, 2013697± 3.7%44%26%—29%

Results

Peters was declared the winner right when the polls closed in Michigan.

Counties that flipped from Democratic to Republican

  • Branch (largest city: Coldwater)
  • Lenawee (largest city: Adrian)
  • Tuscola (largest city: Caro)
  • Montcalm (largest city: Greenville)
  • Wexford (largest city: Cadillac)
  • Cheboygan (largest city: Cheboygan)
  • Schoolcraft (largest city: Manistique)
  • Ontonagon (largest city: Ontonagon)
  • Menominee (largest city: Menominee)
  • Mackinac (largest city: St. Ignace)
  • Keweenaw (largest city: Ahmeek)
  • Houghton (largest city: Houghton)
  • Delta (largest city: Escanaba)
  • Dickinson (largest city: Iron Mountain)
  • Baraga (largest city: Baraga)
  • Charlevoix (largest city: Boyne City)
  • Emmet (largest city: Petosky)
  • Montmorency (largest city: Lewiston)
  • Otsego (largest city: Gaylord)
  • Antrim (largest city: Elk Rapids)
  • Crawford (largest city: Grayling)
  • Kalkaska (largest city: Kalkaska)
  • Grand Traverse (largest city: Traverse City)
  • Oscoda (largest city: Mio)
  • Osceola (largest city: Reed City)
  • Alcona (largest city: Harrisville)
  • Mason (largest city: Ludington)
  • Oceana (largest city: Hart)
  • Mecosta (largest city: Big Rapids)
  • Newaygo (largest city: Fremont)
  • Huron (largest city: Bad Axe)
  • Sanilac (largest city: Sandusky)
  • Midland (largest city: Midland)
  • Lapeer (largest city: Lapeer)
  • Kent (largest city: Grand Rapids)
  • Ionia (largest city: Ionia)
  • Cass (largest city: Dowagiac)
  • Berrien (largest city: Niles)
  • St. Joseph (largest city: Sturgis)

By congressional district

Peters won nine of 14 congressional districts, including four that elected Republicans.

DistrictPetersLandRepresentative1st2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8th9th10th11th12th13th14th
46.8%49.6%Dan Benishek
41.4%54.2%
Bill Huizenga
45.1%50.4%Justin Amash
48.1%47.2%Dave Camp (113th Congress)
John Moolenaar (114th Congress)
63.7%32.5%Dan Kildee
45.9%49.4%Fred Upton
48.6%47.1%Tim Walberg
49.6%46.3%Mike Rogers (113th Congress)
Mike Bishop (114th Congress)
59.3%36.2%Sander Levin
46.6%48.5%Candice Miller
49.1%47.0%Kerry Bentivolio (113th Congress)
Dave Trott (114th Congress)
66.3%29.5%John Dingell (113th Congress)
Debbie Dingell (114th Congress)
83.5%13.6%John Conyers
80.3%17.8%Gary Peters (113th Congress)
Brenda Lawrence (114th Congress)

Post-election

Land ended up paying a fee of $66,000 to the Federal Election Commission for a violation of the Federal Election Campaign Act related to the 2014 campaign.

Peters would run again in 2020 to retain the Senate seat he won, while Land would go on to win a seat on the Board of Governors for Wayne State University in the same year.

References

References

  1. (July 21, 2014). "2014 Official Michigan Primary Candidate Listing". Miboecfr.nictusa.com.
  2. Todd Spangler. (May 1, 2013). "Congressman Gary Peters to run for retiring Sen. Carl Levin's seat in 2014". [[Detroit Free Press]].
  3. Jonathan Oosting. (January 12, 2014). "Fringe candidates: Meet Michigan's little-known hopefuls for governor, U.S. Senate". MLive.
  4. (September 23, 2013). "FEC Disclosure Form 2 for Terry Ray Whitney". [[Federal Election Commission]].
  5. Lowe, Zach. (May 27, 2014). "We Went There: Thoughts From Miami". Grantland.
  6. Kyle Trygstad. (March 7, 2013). "Michigan: Levin Announces He Will Retire in '14". [[Roll Call]].
  7. Livingston, Abby. (December 3, 2013). "Democrats Lose Top Recruit to Challenge Bentivolio (Updated)". Roll Call.
  8. Wittrock, Angela. (March 20, 2013). "Lansing Mayor Virg Bernero won't run for governor, Senate or Congress in 2014". [[Booth Newspapers.
  9. "Mark Bernstein Facebook".
  10. Chad Livengood & Marisa Schultz. (August 2024). "Peters 'considering' run for Levin's seat as 5 GOP members drop out". [[The Detroit News]].
  11. (April 20, 2013). "Debbie Dingell won't run for Sen. Carl Levin's seat". [[Detroit Free Press]].
  12. Livingston, Abby. (March 22, 2013). "Michigan: Granholm Won't Run for Open Senate Seat". [[Roll Call]].
  13. (August 2024). "Rep. Kildee won't run for Levin's U.S. Senate seat in 2014". [[The Detroit News]] }}{{Dead link.
  14. (March 7, 2013). "Carl Levin retires".
  15. Todd Spangler. (March 7, 2013). "Sen. Carl Levin, 78, powerful voice for Michigan, won't run for re-election". [[Detroit Free Press]].
  16. James Hohmann. (March 7, 2013). "Michigan Sen. Carl Levin to retire". [[Politico]].
  17. (March 8, 2013). "Levin vacancy may draw high-profile people from both parties". [[The Detroit News]].
  18. Joseph, Cameron. (September 9, 2013). "Jennifer Granholm endorses Gary Peters in Michigan". The Hill.
  19. Selweski, Chad. (July 25, 2013). "Hackel, 'Big Five' back Peters for Senate". [[The Macomb Daily]].
  20. Schuch, Sarah. (May 2, 2013). "Congressman Dan Kildee endorses fellow Democrat for Senate in U.S. Rep. Gary Peters' first 'Listening Tour' stop in Flint". mlive.com.
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  160. Jim Fullner (L) 3%, Richard Matkin (TP) 1%, Chris Wahmhoff (G) 1%
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  164. Jim Fullner (L) 2%, Richard Matkin (TP) 1%, Chris Wahmhoff (G) 1%
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  177. [https://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/michigan/2020/11/04/michigan-university-boards-november-2000-election/6122106002/ University boards: Dems, GOP split seats at MSU, UM, WSU] [[Detroit News]]
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