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2012 Punjab Legislative Assembly election

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Field	Value
election_name	2012 Punjab legislative assembly election
country	India
type	parliamentary
previous_election	2007 Punjab Legislative Assembly election
previous_year	2007
election_date
next_election	Punjab Legislative Assembly election, 2017
next_year	2017
seats_for_election	All 117 seats to the Punjab Legislative Assembly
majority_seats	59
turnout	78.30% ( 2.88pp)
<!-- SAD -->	image1
leader1	Parkash Singh Badal
party1	Shiromani Akali Dal
leader_since1	1 March 1997
leaders_seat1	Lambi
last_election1	67
alliance1	NDA
seats1	68
seat_change1	1
popular_vote1	5,826,710
percentage1	41.91% (Alliance figures)
swing1	3.46pp
image2
leader2	Captain Amarinder Singh
party2	Indian National Congress
leader_since2	26 February 2002
leaders_seat2	Patiala
last_election2	44
alliance2	UPA
seats2	46
seat_change2	2
popular_vote2	5,572,643
percentage2	40.09%
swing2	0.81pp
map_image	2012 Punjab Legislative Assembly Election Result Map.svg
map_size	350px
map_caption	Seatwise result map of the election
map2_image	Bharat Punjab Legislative Assembly Election 2012.svg
map2_caption	Structure of the Punjab Legislative Assembly after the election
map2_size	350px
title	Chief Minister
before_election	Parkash Singh Badal
before_party	Shiromani Akali Dal
after_election	Parkash Singh Badal
after_party	Shiromani Akali Dal
ongoing	No
outgoing_members	13th Punjab Assembly
elected_members	14th Punjab Assembly

The Punjab legislative assembly election, 2012 was held on 30 January 2012, to elect 117 members to the 14th Punjab Legislative Assembly. The results of the election were announced on 6 March 2012. The ruling Shiromani Akali Dal – Bharatiya Janata Party alliance led by Parkash Singh Badal won the elections and became Chief Minister of Punjab for the fifth time.

Background

Punjab have tradition of transfer of power every 5 years between Shiromani Akali Dal and Indian National Congress but this election of 2012 is different from others where ruling party again came to power

2012 Assembly Elections in Punjab received attention for being the first elections after reorganisation of Punjab in 1966 to witness the return of an incumbent party.

This elections also saw the emergence of new political leadership, like rise of Sukhbir Singh Badal and the rise and fall of Manpreet Singh Badal, the founder of the Peoples Party of Punjab.

Religion and Caste Data

Religion Data

As per the 2011 census,http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Census-2011-age-of-Sikhs-drops-in-Punjab-migration-to-blame/articleshow/48689317.cms

2011 Population data of Punjab (Religion Based)	S. No.	Religion
1.	Sikhs	57.68
2.	Hindus	37.5
3.	Muslims	1.93
4.	Christians	1.3
5.	Buddhists	1.2
6.	Jains	0.16
7.	Others/Non-religions	0.31

Caste Data

Dalits (Scheduled Castes) constitute 31.94% of the population, the highest percentage amongst all the states.
Other Backward Classes (OBCs) like -Sainis, Sunar, Kambojs, Tarkhans/Ramgarhias, Gurjars, Kumhars/Prajapatis, Telis, Banjaras, Lohars constitute 31.3% of the population.
Jat-Sikhs comprise 21% of the population while other forward castes (general category) - Brahmins, Khatris/Bhapas, Bania, Thakurs/Rajputs constitute around rest.
As of 2016, Government of India has not publicly released Socio Economic and Caste Census 2011 caste population data for every single non-SC/ST castes (General castes, OBC/EBCs) in India.

Caste Population data of Punjab https://www.indiatoday.in/india/north/story/dalit-votes-to-decide-ruling-party-of-punjab-89788-2012-01-15	Constitutional categories	Population (%)
Other Backward Classes (OBC)	31.3%	includes Sikh Rajputs, Saini (Sainis added to OBC list in 2016), Sunar, Kamboj, Labana, Tarkhan/Ramgarhia, Kumhar/Prajapati, Arain, Gurjar, Teli, Banjara, Lohar, Bhat, Others
Scheduled Castes (Dalits)	31.9%	includes Mazhabi Sikh - 10%, Ramdasia Sikh/Ravidassia (Chamar)/Ad-Dharmi - 13.1%, Balmiki/Bhanghi - 3.5%, Bazigar - 1.05%, Others - 4%
Unreserved (mostly Upper castes)	33%	includes Jat Sikh - 21%, (Brahmin, Rajput, Bania, Khatri-Arora-Sood) - 12%
Others (religious minorities)	3.8%	includes Muslims, Christians, Buddhists, Jains

Timeline of events

Schedule for General Election to the Legislative Assembly of Punjab 2012 https://www.oneindia.com/in-focus/assembly-elections/2012/punjab-assembly-election-2012-results-updates.html

S.No.	Event	Date
Date for Nominations	05.01.2012	Thursday
Last Date for filing Nominations	12.01.2012	Thursday
Date for scrutiny of nominations	13.01.2012	Friday
Last date for withdrawal of candidatures	16.01.2012	Monday
Date of poll	30.01.2012	Monday
Date of counting	04.03.2012	Sunday
Date before which the election shall be completed	09.03.2012	Friday

Voter Turnout

https://www.epw.in/journal/2012/14/special-statistics-2012-state-elections-special-issues-specials/fourteenth-assembly

Regions/Districts	Total Seats	Turnout (%)	Congress	SAD+BJP	BSP	Others	Vote (%)
25	75.0	9	41.2	16	47.2	1.2	1.1
10	76.3	5	42.7	5	45.8	0.9	1.4
11	71.8	3	38.5	8	48.9	0.9	1.0
4	79.6	1	43.9	3	46.6	2.6	0.9
23	76.4	6	37.1	16	41.3	4.0	12.1
4	79.0	2	43.4	2	44.1	2.7	7.4
9	75.6	0	37.9	9	43.2	3.0	12.7
7	75.2	2	35.9	4	40.9	3.1	9.5
3	79.3	2	29.6	1	32.9	11.0	21.9
69	80.6	31	40.6	36	40.3	6.9	3.0
3	77.5	1	37.9	2	41.4	10.3	5.0
3	75.8	2	30.7	1	38.3	4.6	7.7
3	81.9	2	33.7	1	35.5	20.9	4.1
14	76.0	6	40.7	6	39.9	4.6	3.3
4	80.5	1	43.2	3	45.2	3.8	1.5
8	83.4	3	37.4	5	39.4	2.8	1.9
4	85.2	2	40.2	2	41.0	12.7	2.6
3	84.1	1	38.8	2	43.2	7.1	2.3
6	82.6	2	40.9	4	42.0	9.7	1.6
3	84.4	1	38.4	2	39.6	8.7	2.6
7	84.5	2	40.4	5	41.5	10.9	2.9
3	81.8	3	45.9	0	40.1	4.1	4.0
8	78.5	5	49.9	3	37.6	3.1	2.8
117	78.6	46	40.1	68	41.9	5.2	4.3

Parties and Alliances

{{legend2|{{party color|National Democratic Alliance (India)}}|[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance]]|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}}

2012 NDA Seat Sharing Map Punjab

No.	Party	Flag	Symbol	Photo	Leader	Seats contested	Seats Won
Shiromani Akali Dal}};color:white"1.	1.	Shiromani Akali Dal (Badal)	[[File:SAD flag.svg	50px]]	[[File:Shiromani Akali Dal symbol.svg	80x80px]]	[[File:Sukhbir_Singh_Badal.png	80x80px]]	Sukhbir Singh Badal	94	56
Bharatiya Janata Party}};color:white"	2.	Bharatiya Janata Party	[[File: BJP flag.svg	50px]]	[[File:Lotus flower symbol.svg	80x80px]]			23	12

{{legend2|{{party color|United Progressive Alliance}}|[[United Progressive Alliance]]|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}}

No.	Party	Flag	Symbol	Photo	Leader	Seats contested	Seats Won
Indian National Congress}};color:white"	1.	Indian National Congress	[[File:Indian National Congress Flag.svg	50x50px]]	[[File:Indian_National_Congress_symbol.svg	80x80px	Hand]]	[[File:Amarinder_Singh.jpg	80x80px]]	Captain Amarinder Singh	117	46

Sanjha Morcha

No.	Party	Flag	Symbol	Photo	Leader	Seats contested
People's Party of Punjab}};color:white"	1.	People's Party of Punjab		[[File:Indian Election Symbol Kite.svg	80px]]	[[File:Manpreet badal.jpg	80px]]	Manpreet Singh Badal	87
Communist Party of India (Marxist)}};color:white"	2.	Communist Party of India (Marxist)					9
Communist Party of India}};color:white" !	3.	Communist Party of India	[[File:CPI-banner.svg	50px]]	[[File:CPI symbol.svg	50px]]			14
Shiromani Akali Dal}};color:white" !	4.	Shiromani Akali Dal (Longowal)

No.	Party	Flag	Symbol	Photo	Leader	Seats contested
Bahujan Samaj Party}};color:white" !	1.	Bahujan Samaj Party	[[File:Elephant Bahujan Samaj Party.svg	50px]]	[[File:Indian Election Symbol Elephant.png	50px]]		Jasbir Singh Garhi	117

Others

Source:

No.	Party	Seats contested
Shiromani Akali Dal (Amritsar)}};color:white"		Shiromani Akali Dal (Amritsar)	57
Communist Party of India (Marxist)}};color:white" !	2.	BSP(A)	17
Communist Party of India}};color:white" !	3.	BGTD	10
Nationalist Congress Party}}"	4	Nationalist Congress Party	13
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist)}};color:white"	5.	Communist Party of India (M–L) Liberation	7
All India Forward Bloc}};color:white" !	6.	BSA	6
Janata Dal (Secular)}}"	7	BCP	3
Jammu and Kashmir National Panthers Party}}"	8	BRSP	6
Lok Janshakti Party}}"	9	Lok Janshakti Party	26
Rashtriya Janata Dal}}"	10	Rashtriya Janata Dal	1
11	Independent politician	418
Shiv Sena}}"	12	Shiv Sena	12
Samajwadi Party}}"	13	SSPD	5

Opinion Polls

Most of the opinion polls predicted that Congress will win the election. They were proved wrong as Congress finished as the runner up.

Polling firm/Link	SAD-BJP	INC	Others	Shiromani Akali Dal}};"		Indian National Congress}};"		Independent (politician)}};"
India Today Aaj Tak	40	69	8
Independent (politician)}};"	Election results	Independent (politician)}};"	56	Independent (politician)}};"	46	Independent (politician)}};"	15

Exit Polls

2012 exit polls for Punjab Assembly Elections results.

Polling firm/Link	SAD-BJP	INC	Others	Shiromani Akali Dal}};"		Indian National Congress}};"
India TV C-Voter	47	65	5
News 24	52	60	5
CNN-IBN	51-63	48-60	3-9
Independent (politician)}};"	Election results	Independent (politician)}};"	56	Independent (politician)}};"	46	Independent (politician)}};"	15

Results

Party-wise Results

[[File:Bharat Punjab Legislative Assembly Election 2012.svg]]	Parties and coalitions	Popular vote	Seats	Votes	%	±pp	Contested	Won
Shiromani Akali Dal}}"		Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD)	4,828,612	34.73	2.36	94	56	8
Indian National Congress}}"		Indian National Congress (INC)	5,572,643	40.09	0.81	117	46	2
	Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)	998,098	7.18	1.1	23	12	7
Independent (politician)}}"		Independents (IND)	938,770	6.75	0.07	418	3	2
Total	13,901,424	100.00		117
Valid votes	13,901,424	99.94
Invalid votes	8,149	0.06
Votes cast / turnout	13,909,573	78.30
Abstentions	3,855,182	21.70
Registered voters	17,764,755

Result by region

Region	Seats	Malwa	Majha	Doaba	Sum	117
Indian National Congress}}"	INC	SAD	Bharatiya Janata Party}};color:white"	BJP	other}} "	Others
69	31	34	2	2
25	9	11	5	0
23	6	11	5	1

Among parties:

Total	117	78.6	46	40.1	68	41.9

Result by district

District	Seats	INC	SAD	BJP	Others
11	3	Shiromani Akali Dal}};color:white"	6	2	0
10	5	5	0	0
3	0	0	Bharatiya Janata Party}};color:white"	3	0
4	1	Shiromani Akali Dal}};color:white"	3	0	0
9	0	Shiromani Akali Dal}};color:white"	6	3	0
7	2	Shiromani Akali Dal}};color:white"	3	1	1
4	Indian National Congress}};color:white"	2	1	1	0
3	Indian National Congress}};color:white"	2	1	0	0
14	6	6	0	2
8	Indian National Congress}};color:white"	5	3	0	0
7	2	Shiromani Akali Dal}};color:white"	5	0	0
6	2	Shiromani Akali Dal}};color:white"	4	0	0
8	3	Shiromani Akali Dal}};color:white"	4	1	0
4	1	Shiromani Akali Dal}};color:white"	3	0	0
4	2	2	0	0
3	Indian National Congress}};color:white"	3	0	0	0
3	1	Shiromani Akali Dal}};color:white"	2	0	0
3	Indian National Congress}};color:white"	2	1	0	0
3	1	Shiromani Akali Dal}};color:white"	2	0	0
3	1	1	1	0
3	Indian National Congress}};color:white"	2	1	0	0

Result by constituency

Sr.No	Constituency	Winning candidate	Runner Candidate
1	Sujanpur	Dinesh Singh	Naresh Puri
2	Bhoa (SC)	Seema Kumari	Balbir Ram
3	Pathankot	Ashwani Kumar Sharma	Raman Bhalla
4	Gurdaspur	Gurbachan Singh Babbehali	Raman Bahl
5	Dina Nagar (SC)	Aruna Chaudhary	Bishan Dass
6	Qadian	Charanjit Kaur Bajwa	Sewa Singh Sekhwan
7	Batala	Ashwani Sekhri	Lakhbir Singh Lodhi Nangal
8	Sri Hargobindpur (SC)	Des Raj Dhugga	Balwinder Singh Laddi
9	Fatehgarh Churian	Tripat Rajinder Singh Bajwa	Nirmal Singh Kahlon
10	Dera Baba Nanak	Sukhjinder Singh	Sucha Singh
11	Ajnala	Bonny Amarpal Singh Ajnala	Harpartap Singh Ajnala
12	Raja Sansi	Sukhbinder Singh Sarkaria	Vir Singh Lopoke
13	Majitha	Bikram Singh Majithia (E)	Sukhjinder Raj Singh (Lali)
14	Jandiala (SC)	Baljit Singh Jalal Usma	Sardul Singh Bandala
15	Amritsar North	Anil Joshi	Karamjit Singh Rintu
16	Amritsar West (SC)	Raj Kumar (E)	Rakesh Gill
17	Amritsar Central	Om Parkash Soni (E)	Tarun Chugh
18	Amritsar East	Navjot Sidhu (E/W)	Simarpreet Kaur
19	Amritsar South	Inderbir Singh Bolaria (E)	Jasbir Singh Gill (Dimpa)
20	Attari (SC)	Gulzar Singh Ranike (E)	Tarsem Singh D.C
21	Tarn Taran	Harmeet Singh Sandhu	Dr.Dharambir Agnihotri
22	Khem Karan	Virsa Singh	Gurchet Singh
23	Patti	Adeshpartap Singh Kairon	Harminder Singh Gill
24	Khadoor Sahib	Ramanjit Singh Sikki	Ranjit Singh Brahampura
25	Baba Bakala (SC)	Manjit Singh Manna Mianwind (E)	Ranjit Singh (Chhajjalwadi)
26	Bholath	Bibi Jagir Kaur	Sukhpal Singh
27	Kapurthala	Rana Gurjit Singh	Sarabjeet Singh Makkar
28	Sultanpur Lodhi	Navtej Singh	Upinderjit Kaur
29	Phagwara (SC)	Som Parkash	Balbir Kumar Sodhi
30	Phillaur (SC)	Avinash Chander	Santokh Singh Chaudhary
31	Nakodar	Gurpartap Singh Wadala	Amarjit Singh Samra
32	Shahkot	Ajit Singh Kohar	Col. C D Singh Kamboj
33	Kartarpur (SC)	Sarwan Singh	Chauhdary Jagjit Singh
34	Jalandhar West (SC)	Chuni Lal Bhagat	Suman Kaypee
35	Jalandhar Central	Manoranjan Kalia	Rajinder Beri
36	Jalandhar North	K. D. Bhandari	Avtar Henry
37	Jalandhar Cantt	Pargat Singh	Jagbir Singh Brar
38	Adampur (SC)	Sh. Pawan Kumar Tinu	Sh. Satnam Singh Kainth
39	Mukerian	Rajnish Kumar	Arunesh Kumar
40	Dasuya	Amarjit Singh	Ramesh Chander Dogra
41	Urmar	Sangat Singh	Arbinder Singh
42	Sham Chaurasi (SC)	Mohinder Kaur Josh	Chaudhary Ram Lubhaya
43	Hoshiarpur	Sunder Sham Arora	Tikshan Sud
44	Chabbewal (SC)	Sohan Singh Thandal	Dr. Raj Kumar
45	Garhshankar	Surinder Singh Bhulewal Rathan	Lov Kumar Goldy
46	Banga (SC)	Tarlochan Singh	Mohan Singh
47	Nawan Shahr	Guriqbal Kaur	Satinder Kaur Kariha
48	Balachaur	Nand Lal	Shiv Ram Singh
49	Anandpur Sahib	Madan Mohan Mittal	Kanwar Pal Singh
50	Rupnagar	Dr Daljeet Singh Cheema	Romesh Dutt Sharma
51	Chamkaur Sahib (SC)	Charanjit Singh Channi	Jagmeet Kaur
52	Kharar	Jagmohan Singh	Ujjagar Singh
53	S.A.S. Nagar	Balbir Singh Sidhu	Balwant Singh Ramoowalia
54	Bassi Pathana (SC)	Justice Nirmal Singh	Harbans Kaur Dullo
55	Fatehgarh Sahib	Kuljit Singh Nagra	Prem Singh Chandumajra
56	Amloh	Randeep Singh	Jagdeep Singh Cheema
57	Khanna	Gurkirat Singh	Ranjit Singh Talwandi
58	Samrala	Amrik Singh	Kirpal Singh
59	Sahnewal	Sharanjit Singh Dhillon	Vikram Singh Bajwa
60	Ludhiana East	Ranjit Singh Dhillon	Gurmail Singh Pehalwan
61	Ludhiana South	Balwinder Singh Bains	Hakam Singh Giaspura
62	Atam Nagar	Simarjit Singh Bains	Hira Singh Gabria
63	Ludhiana Central	Surinder Kumar Dawar	Satpal Gosain
64	Ludhiana West	Bharat Bhushan Ashu	Prof. Rajinder Bhandari
65	Ludhiana North	Rakesh Panday	Parveen Bansal
66	Gill (SC)	Darshan Singh Shivalik	Malkiat Singh Dakha
67	Payal (SC)	Charanjit Singh Atwal	Lakhvir Singh
68	Dakha	Manpreet Singh Ayali	Jasbir Singh Khangura(Jassi Khangura)
69	Raikot (SC)	Gurcharan Singh	Bikramjit Singh
70	Jagraon (SC)	S R Kaler	Ishar Singh
71	Nihal Singh Wala (SC)	Rajwinder Kaur	Ajit Singh Shant
72	Bhagha Purana	Maheshinder Singh	Darshan Singh Brar Khote
73	Moga	Joginder Pal Jain	Paramdeep Singh Gill
74	Dharamkot	Tota Singh	Sukhjit Singh
75	Zira	Hari Singh	Naresh Kumar
76	Firozpur City	Parminder Singh Pinki	Sukhpal Singh
77	Firozpur Rural (SC)	Joginder Singh Alias Jindu	Satkar Kaur
78	Guru Har Sahai	Gurmeet Singh Sodhi	Vardev Singh
79	Jalalabad	Sukhbir Singh Badal	Hans Raj Josan
80	Fazilka	Surjit Kumar Jyani	Jaswinder Singh
81	Abohar	Sunil Kumar Jakhar	Shiv Lal Doda
82	Balluana (SC)	Gurtej Singh	Giriraj Rajora
83	Lambi	Parkash Singh Badal	Maheshinder Singh
84	Gidderbaha	Amrinder Singh Raja Warring	Sant Singh Brar
85	Malout (SC)	Harpreet Singh	Nathu Ram
86	Muktsar	Karan Kaur	Kanwarjit Singh Rozy Barkandi
87	Faridkot	Deep Malhotra	Avtar Singh Brar
88	Kotkapura	Mantar Singh Brar	Ripjeet Singh Brar
89	Jaitu (SC)	Joginder Singh	Gurdev Singh
90	Rampura Phul	Sikander Singh Maluka	Gurpreet Singh Kangar
91	Bhucho Mandi (SC)	Ajaib Singh Bhatti	Pritam Singh
92	Bathinda Urban	Sarup Chand Singla	Harminder Singh Jassi
93	Bathinda Rural (SC)	Darshan Singh Kotfatta	Makhan Singh
94	Talwandi Sabo	Jeetmohinder Singh Sidhu	Amarjit Singh Sidhu
95	Maur	Janmeja Singh	Mangat Rai Bansal
96	Mansa	Prem Mittal	Gurpreet Kaur
97	Sardulgarh	Ajit Inder Singh	Dilraj Singh Bhunder
98	Budhlada (SC)	Chatin Singh	Satpal Singh
99	Lehra	Rajinder Kaur Bhattal	Sukhwant Singh
100	Dirba (SC)	Sant Balvir Singh Ghunas	Ajaib Singh
101	Sunam	Parminder Singh Dhindsa	Aman Arora
102	Bhadaur (SC)	Mohammed Sadique	Darbara Singh Guru
103	Barnala	Kewal Singh Dhillon	Malkit Singh Kittu
104	Mehal Kalan (SC)	Harchand Kaur	Gobind Singh
105	Malerkotla	F. Nesara Khatoon (Farzana Alam)	Razia Sultana
106	Amargarh	Iqbal Singh Jhundan	Surjit Singh Dhiman
107	Dhuri	Arvind Khanna	Gobind Singh
108	Sangrur	Parkash Chand Garg	Surinder Pal Singh Sibia
109	Nabha (SC)	Sadhu Singh	Balwant Singh
110	Patiala Rural	Brahm Mohindra	Kuldeep Kaur Tohra
111	Rajpura	Hardyal Singh Kamboj	Raj Khurana
112	Dera Bassi	N.K. Sharma	Deepinder Singh Dhillon
113	Ghanaur	Harpreet Kaur Mukhmailpura	Madan Lal Jalalpur
114	Sanour	Lal Singh	Tejinderpal Singh Sandhu
115	Patiala	Amarinder Singh	Surjit Singh Kohli
116	Samana	Surjit Singh Rakhra	Raninder Singh
117	Shutrana (SC)	Vaninder Kaur Loomba	Nirmal Singh

By-polls 2012-2017

No.	Date	Constituency	MLA before election	Party before election	Elected MLA	Party after election	Reason	1.	2.	3.
11 July 2012	Dasuya	Amarjit Singh	Bharatiya Janata Party}}"		Bharatiya Janata Party	Sukhjit Kaur	BJP}}"		Bharatiya Janata Party	Death
23 February 2013	Moga	Joginder Pal Jain	Indian National Congress}}"		Indian National Congress	Joginder Pal Jain	Shiromani Akali Dal}}"		Shiromani Akali Dal	Resigned
21 August 2014	Patiala Urban	Amarinder Singh	Indian National Congress}}"		Indian National Congress	Preneet Kaur	Indian National Congress}}"		Indian National Congress	Elected MP
Talwandi Sabo	Jeetmohinder Singh Sidhu	Indian National Congress}}"		Jeetmohinder Singh Sidhu	Shiromani Akali Dal}}"		Shiromani Akali Dal	Resigned
2015	Dhuri	Arvind Khanna	Indian National Congress}}"		Indian National Congress	Gobind Singh Longowal	Shiromani Akali Dal }}"		Shiromani Akali Dal	Resigned
13 February 2016	Khadoor Sahib	Ramanjit Singh Sikki	Indian National Congress}}"		Indian National Congress	Ranjit Singh Brahampura	Shiromani Akali Dal }}"		Shiromani Akali Dal	Resigned

References

(15 January 2012). "Punjab Assembly election 2012 - schedule details".
"PUNJAB DATA HIGHLIGHTS: THE SCHEDULED CASTES". Censusindia.gov.in.
"Punjab 2012 - Punjab - Election Commission of India".
(6 March 2012). "Assembly elections 2012: Are exit polls spot on?". The Economic Times.
(8 March 2022). "पंजाब में भरोसेमंद नहीं रहे EXIT POLL:2012 और 2017 विधानसभा चुनावों में दावों के विपरीत रहे परिणाम; कोई सर्वे आसपास भी नहीं टिका". bhaskar.com.

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