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2011 Portuguese presidential election
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| Field | Value | |
|---|---|---|
| country | Portugal | |
| type | presidential | |
| previous_election | 2006 Portuguese presidential election | |
| previous_year | 2006 | |
| next_election | 2016 Portuguese presidential election | |
| next_year | 2016 | |
| election_date | 23 January 2011 | |
| turnout | 46.52% ( 15.01pp) | |
| opinion_polls | Opinion polling for the 2011 Portuguese presidential election | |
| image1 | ||
| candidate1 | Aníbal Cavaco Silva | |
| party1 | PSD | |
| {{Collapsible list | ||
| title | ||
| bullets | off | |
| popular_vote1 | 2,231,956 | |
| percentage1 | 52.95% | |
| image2 | ||
| candidate2 | Manuel Alegre | |
| party2 | PS | |
| {{Collapsible list | ||
| title | ||
| bullets | off | |
| popular_vote2 | 831,838 | |
| percentage2 | 19.74% | |
| image4 | ||
| candidate4 | Fernando Nobre | |
| party4 | Independent | |
| popular_vote4 | 593,021 | |
| percentage4 | 14.07% | |
| image5 | [[File:Portuguese Communist Party logo.svg | 100px]] |
| candidate5 | Francisco Lopes | |
| party5 | PCP | |
| {{Collapsible list | ||
| title | ||
| bullets | off | |
| popular_vote5 | 301,017 | |
| percentage5 | 7.14% | |
| map_image | {{switcher | |
| default | 1}} | |
| map_caption | ||
| title | President | |
| before_election | Aníbal Cavaco Silva | |
| before_party | Social Democratic Party (Portugal) | |
| after_election | Aníbal Cavaco Silva | |
| after_party | Social Democratic Party (Portugal) |
{{Collapsible list | CDS–PP | MEP {{Collapsible list | BE | PCTP/MRPP | PDA {{Collapsible list | PEV |220px |Results by district |[[File:2011 Portuguese presidential election results by municipality.svg|220px]] |Results by municipality Cavaco Silva Alegre Lopes Coelho
Presidential elections were held in Portugal on 23 January 2011. The elections resulted in the re-election of Aníbal Cavaco Silva to a second term as President of Portugal. Turnout in this election was very low, where only 46.52 percent of the electorate cast their ballots. Cavaco Silva won by a landslide winning all 18 districts, both Autonomous regions of Azores and Madeira and 292 municipalities of a total of 308.
Background
During the 2006 presidential elections, former Prime Minister Aníbal Cavaco Silva, the only candidate of the center-right had won the ballot in the first round with 50.5 percent of the votes cast. He had faced two particular candidates from the ruling Socialist Party, the official candidate Mário Soares, former President of the Republic came in third with 14.3 percent, Manuel Alegre, a dissident, ranked second with 20.7 percent of votes. This historic victory of a conservative candidate, the first after the Carnation Revolution, inaugurated a period of "political cohabitation" with Socialist Prime Minister José Sócrates.
The general elections of September 2009 confirmed this situation, and brought the PS once again to power, however depriving them of an absolute majority. The situation of economic and financial crisis that the country was facing led to the adoption of an austerity plan and budget for more frequent intervention of the Head of State in politics to promote agreement among political parties in the country.
By the end of his first term, Cavaco Silva had a strong approval rating.
Electoral system
Any Portuguese citizen over 35 years old has the opportunity to run for president. In order to do so it is necessary to gather between 7,500 and 15,000 signatures and submit them to the Portuguese Constitutional Court.
According to the Portuguese Constitution, to be elected, a candidate needs a simple majority (50% + 1). If no candidate gets this majority there is a second round between the two most voted candidates.
Candidates
Official candidates
- Aníbal Cavaco Silva: President since 2006 and eligible for a second term. Supported by: Social Democratic Party, People's Party, Hope for Portugal Movement
- Manuel Alegre: Former member of the Assembly of the Republic. Supported by: Socialist Party, Left Bloc, Portuguese Workers' Communist Party, Democratic Party of the Atlantic
- Fernando Nobre: Independent.
- Defensor Moura: Member of the Socialist Party and former mayor of Viana do Castelo, running as an independent.
- Francisco Lopes: Supported by: Portuguese Communist Party, Ecologist Party "The Greens"
- José Manuel Coelho: Independent, supported by the New Democracy Party.
Unsuccessful candidacies
- Luís Botelho Ribeiro: Leader of the Pro-life party. His application was formalised on Monday, 20 December, with over 8,000 signatures. His candidacy was analysed by the Constitutional Court. On 29 December, the court concluded that his candidacy did not meet the requirements provided by law.
- José Ribeiro e Castro: Member of the Democratic and Social Centre – People´s Party, speculated to run as an alternative right-wing candidate, because of Cavaco's decision to approve same-sex marriage. However, he did not go forward with his candidacy.
- José Pinto Coelho: Leader of the far-right National Renovator Party. He declared that his candidacy for the presidency was "cut short" by failing to gather the 7,500 signatures required. He claimed to have gathered 5,878 signatures.
Campaign period
Party slogans
| Candidate | Original slogan | English translation | Refs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}}" | Aníbal Cavaco Silva | « Acredito nos Portugueses » | "I believe in the Portuguese" | |
| Socialist Party (Portugal)}}" | Manuel Alegre | « Um Presidente justo e solidário » | "A fair and supportive President" | |
| Independent}}" | Fernando Nobre | « Um Presidente como nós » | "A President like us" | |
| Unitary Democratic Coalition}}" | Francisco Lopes | « O voto certo na mudança necessária » | "The right vote in the necessary change" | |
| Independent}};" | Defensor Moura | « Contra a resignação » | "Against resignation" |
Candidates' debates
| 2011 Portuguese presidential election debates | Date | Organisers | Moderator(s) | Present Absent invitee Non-invitee | Cavaco | Alegre | Nobre | Lopes | Moura | Refs | Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}};" | Socialist Party (Portugal)}};" | Independent}};" | Unitary Democratic Coalition}};" | Independent}};" | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14 Dec 2010 | RTP1 | Judite de Sousa | N | N | P | P | N | date=7 December 2011 | url=https://www.dn.pt/dossiers/politica/presidenciais-2011/noticias/primeiro-debate-televisivo-no-dia-14-e-ultimo-a-29--1729415.html | title=Primeiro debate televisivo no dia 14 e último a 29 | language=pt | work=Diário de Notícias | access-date=12 May 2020}} | |||||||
| 16 Dec 2010 | RTP1 | Judite de Sousa | N | P | N | N | P | |||||||||||||
| 17 Dec 2010 | SIC | Clara de Sousa | P | N | P | N | N | |||||||||||||
| 18 Dec 2010 | SIC | Clara de Sousa | N | P | N | P | N | |||||||||||||
| 21 Dec 2010 | TVI | Constança Cunha e Sá | P | N | N | P | N | |||||||||||||
| 22 Dec 2010 | TVI | Constança Cunha e Sá | N | P | P | N | N | |||||||||||||
| 23 Dec 2010 | SIC | Clara de Sousa | P | N | N | N | P | |||||||||||||
| 27 Dec 2010 | RTP1 | Judite de Sousa | N | N | P | N | P | |||||||||||||
| 28 Dec 2010 | TVI | Constança Cunha e Sá | N | N | N | P | P | |||||||||||||
| 29 Dec 2010 | RTP1 | Judite de Sousa | P | P | N | N | N |
Opinion polls
Main article: Opinion polling for the 2011 Portuguese presidential election
Campaign budgets
| Candidate (party) | Election | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Result | State Subsidy | Political Parties | ||||||||||
| Contributions | Fundraising | Total Recipes | Expenses | Debt | Calculated | Budgeted | Calculated | Budgeted | ||||
| (PSD, CDS-PP, MEP) | 53.0% | €1,920,000 | €1,570,000 | €0 | €550,000 | €2,470,000 | €2,120,000 | €2,120,000 | €0 | |||
| (PS, BE, PDA, PCTP) | 19.7% | €836,000 | €1,350,000 | €500,000 | €50,000 | €1,386,000 | €1,900,000 | €1,640,000 | €254,000 | |||
| Independent}}" width="230px" | (I) | 14.1% | €653,000 | €511,200 | €0 | €331,460 | €984,460 | €842,660 | €842,660 | €0 | ||
| (PCP, PEV) | 7.1% | €425,000 | €512,000 | €270,000 | €18,000 | €713,000 | €800,000 | €800,000 | €87,000 | |||
| Independent}}" width="230px" | (I) | 1.6% | €0 | €225,000 | €0 | €25,000 | €25,000 | €250,000 | €250,000 | €225,000 | ||
| (PND) | 4.5% | €0 | €10,000 | €30,000 | €50,000 | €80,000 | €90,000 | €90,000 | €10,000 | |||
| (PPV) | - | - | €7,000 | €0 | €0 | €7,000 | €7,000 | €7,000 | €0 | |||
| Source: Portuguese Constitutional Court (TC) | ||||||||||||
| (Note that some candidates filed with the TC, but did not pursue their candidacy.) |
Voter turnout
The table below shows voter turnout throughout election day including voters from Overseas.
| Turnout | Time | 12:00 | 16:00 | 19:00 | 2006 | 2011 | ± | 2006 | 2011 | ± | 2006 | 2011 | ± |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 19.32% | 13.39% | 5.93 pp | 45.56% | 35.16% | 10.40 pp | 61.53% | 46.52% | 15.01 pp | ||||
| Sources |
Results
National summary
Results by district
| District | Cavaco | Alegre | Nobre | Lopes | Manuel Coelho | Defensor Moura | Turnout | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Votes | % | Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}};" | Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}};" | Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}};" | Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}};" | Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}};" | Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}};" | Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}};" | Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}};" | Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}};" | Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}};" | Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}};" | Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}};" | Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}};" | Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}};" | Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}};" | Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}};" | Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}};" | Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}};" | Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}};" | Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}};" | Social Democratic Party (Portugal)}};" | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aveiro | ; color:#000;" | 182,730 | ; color:#000;" | 60.70% | 52,820 | 17.55% | 40,873 | 13.58% | 11,190 | 3.72% | 9,924 | 3.30% | 3,487 | 1.16% | 49.25% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Azores | ; color:#000;" | 36,122 | ; color:#000;" | 56.04% | 16,197 | 25.13% | 7,037 | 10.92% | 1,464 | 2.27% | 2,925 | 4.54% | 714 | 1.11% | 31.12% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beja | ; color:#000;" | 18,754 | ; color:#000;" | 33.31% | 14,300 | 25.40% | 6,108 | 10.85% | 14,886 | 26.44% | 1,667 | 2.96% | 588 | 1.04% | 43.50% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Braga | ; color:#000;" | 222,444 | ; color:#000;" | 57.77% | 74,086 | 19.24% | 50,336 | 13.07% | 17,189 | 4.46% | 14,137 | 3.67% | 6,875 | 1.79% | 52.54% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bragança | ; color:#000;" | 37,456 | ; color:#000;" | 65.11% | 10,860 | 18.88% | 5,453 | 9.48% | 1,632 | 2.84% | 1,526 | 2.65% | 603 | 1.05% | 39.10% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Castelo Branco | ; color:#000;" | 45,518 | ; color:#000;" | 53.81% | 45,518 | 22.64% | 10,518 | 12.43% | 4,488 | 5.31% | 3,798 | 4.49% | 1,121 | 1.33% | 47.07% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Coimbra | ; color:#000;" | 85,579 | ; color:#000;" | 52.02% | 38,155 | 23.19% | 23,811 | 14.47% | 9,285 | 5.64% | 5,934 | 3.61% | 1,746 | 1.06% | 45.15% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Évora | ; color:#000;" | 24,250 | ; color:#000;" | 37.63% | 15,886 | 24.65% | 7,643 | 11.86% | 13,962 | 21.67% | 2,050 | 3.18% | 651 | 1.01% | 46.52% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Faro | ; color:#000;" | 76,896 | ; color:#000;" | 52.27% | 27,248 | 18.52% | 23,474 | 15.96% | 10,889 | 7.40% | 6,048 | 4.36% | 2,186 | 1.49% | 43.91% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Guarda | ; color:#000;" | 42,762 | ; color:#000;" | 59.98% | 13,608 | 19.09% | 8,903 | 12.49% | 2,706 | 3.80% | 2,542 | 3.57% | 771 | 1.08% | 43.62% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Leiria | ; color:#000;" | 118,748 | ; color:#000;" | 61.64% | 28,095 | 14.58% | 27,855 | 14.46% | 9,040 | 4.69% | 6,632 | 3.44% | 2,266 | 1.18% | 48.94% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lisbon | ; color:#000;" | 411,341 | ; color:#000;" | 48.59% | 184,446 | 21.79% | 136,633 | 16.14% | 72,465 | 8.56% | 29,070 | 3.43% | 12,668 | 1.50% | 48.46% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Madeira | ; color:#000;" | 52,168 | ; color:#000;" | 44.01% | 9,105 | 7.68% | 7,687 | 6.48% | 2,346 | 1.98% | 46,247 | 39.01% | 986 | 0.83% | 47.92% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Portalegre | ; color:#000;" | 20,360 | ; color:#000;" | 44.69% | 12,038 | 26.42% | 5,062 | 11.11% | 5,895 | 12.94% | 1,667 | 3.66% | 537 | 1.18% | 45.27% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Porto | ; color:#000;" | 415,408 | ; color:#000;" | 54.83% | 151,668 | 20.02% | 113,613 | 14.99% | 41,839 | 5.52% | 24,748 | 3.27% | 10,415 | 1.37% | 51.41% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Santarém | ; color:#000;" | 95,479 | ; color:#000;" | 51.90% | 35,723 | 19.42% | 28,061 | 15.25% | 15,462 | 8.40% | 7,148 | 3.89% | 2,108 | 1.15% | 48.72% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Setúbal | ; color:#000;" | 109,800 | ; color:#000;" | 36.57% | 70,480 | 23.48% | 50,762 | 16.91% | 54,472 | 18.14% | 10,560 | 3.52% | 4,147 | 1.38% | 45.27% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Viana do Castelo | ; color:#000;" | 64,719 | ; color:#000;" | 58.66% | 14,854 | 13.64% | 10,962 | 9.94% | 3,937 | 3.57% | 4,105 | 3.72% | 11,745 | 10.65% | 45.24% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vila Real | ; color:#000;" | 59,378 | ; color:#000;" | 65.47% | 16,431 | 18.12% | 8,610 | 9.49% | 2,536 | 2.80% | 2,853 | 3.15% | 889 | 0.98% | 40.16% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Viseu | ; color:#000;" | 103,576 | ; color:#000;" | 64.97% | 25,053 | 15.71% | 19,795 | 12.42% | 4,575 | 2.87% | 4,971 | 3.12% | 1,460 | 0.92% | 44.05% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Overseas | ; color:#000;" | 8,115 | ; color:#000;" | 65.39% | 2,432 | 19.60% | 872 | 7.03% | 663 | 5.34% | 179 | 1.44% | 149 | 1.20% | 5.54% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Source: 2011 Presidential election results |
Maps
File:Pt plelection pr 2011.PNG|Strongest candidate by electoral district. (Azores and Madeira not shown) File:Presidenciais 2011 (Mapa).png|Strongest candidate by municipality.
Notes
References
References
- (26 October 2010). "Cavaco Silva recandidata-se para "ajudar o país a encontrar um rumo para o futuro"". SIC Notícias.
- (26 October 2010). "PSD convoca Conselho Nacional para declarar "apoio inequívoco" a Cavaco Silva". SIC Notícias.
- (15 January 2010). "Manuel Alegre anuncia candidatura à Presidência da República". Público.
- (17 February 2010). "Fernando Nobre candidato à Presidência da República". Correio da Manhã.
- (1 August 2010). "Defensor Moura quer pôr fim a hábito de reeleger presidente". Diário de Notícias.
- (24 August 2011). "Francisco Lopes é o candidato presidencial escolhido pelo PCP". SIC Notícias.
- (13 November 2011). "Os Verdes apoiam Francisco Lopes, o único que "corta com os caminhos da direita" do Governo". SIC Notícias.
- (14 November 2011). "PND apoia candidatura de José Manuel Coelho à Presidência da República". SIC Notícias.
- (3 January 2011). "Tribunal rejeita recurso de Luís Botelho Ribeiro". Diário de Notícias.
- (9 October 2010). "Presidenciais: Ribeiro e Castro não apresenta candidatura". Expresso.
- (22 December 2010). "Líder do PNR desiste da candidatura a Belém". TVI24.
- "Os cartazes das eleições presidenciais desde 1976". Público.
- "ELEIÇÕES PRESIDENCIAIS DE 2011 – CANDIDATURA DE MANUEL ALEGRE". EPHEMERA.
- "ELEIÇÕES PRESIDENCIAIS DE 2011 – CANDIDATURA DE FERNANDO NOBRE". EPHEMERA.
- "Os cartazes das eleições presidenciais desde 1976". Público.
- "Os cartazes das eleições presidenciais desde 1976". Público.
- (7 December 2011). "Primeiro debate televisivo no dia 14 e último a 29". Diário de Notícias.
- "Campaign Budgets for the 2011 Presidential election". [[Portuguese Constitutional Court]].
- "Presidenciais 2011 - Afluência". [[Ministry of Internal Administration (Portugal).
- "Presidenciais 2006". [[Ministry of Internal Administration (Portugal).
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