2009 in paleontology

Arthropods

Main article: 2009 in arthropod paleontology

Cephalopods

Three new species of extinct Octopoda discovered in 2009. The species – Keuppia hyperbolaris, Keuppia levante, and Styletoctopus annae – lived about 95 million years ago, and bear a strong resemblance to modern octopuses, suggesting that the Octopoda order has remained relatively unchanged for tens of millions of years. The fossils included evidence of arms, muscles, rows of suckers, ink, and internal gills. The discovery was made by a team led by Dirk Fuchs of the Freie University, which is located at Berlin, Germany. The fossils were found at Hakel and Hadjoula, Lebanon. Various new ammonoid taxa were named, including Ivoites.

Cartilaginous fish

Bony fish

Amphibians

Newly named amphibians

Basal reptiles

Newly named basal reptiles

Turtles

Newly named turtles

Archosauromorphs

Basal archosauromorphs

Archosaurs

Main article: 2009 in archosaur paleontology

Lepidosauromorphs

Basal lepidosauromorphs

Plesiosaurs

• In 2009, in Svalbard, Norway a new pliosaur was found by Jorn Hurum. It currently is codenamed as "Predator X."

Squamates

Synapsids

Non-mammalian

Mammals

Main article: 2009 in mammal paleontology

Plants

Angiosperms

Relevant research in other sciences

Evolutionary biology

• A study is published that proposes that females from certain taxa use ornaments as a criterion for mate choice because other dimorphic structures, like biological "weaponry" could be used to coerce or force them to mate.
• A study concludes that biotic factors have more pronounced local and short term evolutionary impacts than abiotic factors, which in turn have a more pronounced effect through time and on biodiversity as a whole.

Extinction

A study noting the effects of the KT mass extinction on Earth's modern biota is published.

Geology

Ichnology

Paleobiogeography

Paleoecology

Footnotes

Complete author list

As science becomes more collaborative, papers with large numbers of authors are becoming more common. To prevent the deformation of the tables, these footnotes list the contributors to papers that erect new genera and have many authors.

References

References

1. [https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna29757659 Rare fossil octopuses found], NBC News, March 18, 2009
2. [https://archive.today/20120902073936/http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/121596620/HTMLSTART New Octopus from the late Cretaceous of Hakel and Hadjoula, Lebanon], Palaeontology, Volume 52, Issue 1, Pages 65-81
3. (2009). "New Octopods (Cephalopoda: Coleoidea) from the Late Cretaceous (Upper Cenomanian) of Hakel and Hadjoula, Lebanon". Palaeontology.
4. (2009). "Anetoceratinae (Ammonoidea, Early Devonian) from the Eifel and Harz Mountains (Germany), with a revision of their genera". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen.
5. (2009). "A new articulated hybodontoid from Late Permian of northwestern China". Acta Zoologica.
6. (2009). "Two new iniopterygians (Chondrichthyes) from the Mississippian (Serpukhovian) Bear Gulch Limestone of Montana with evidence of a new form of chondrichthyan neurocranium". Acta Zoologica.
7. (2009). "A new fossil ''Aphanius'' species from the Upper Miocene of Armenia (Eastern Paratethys)". Paläontologische Zeitschrift.
8. A.M. Prokofiev. (2009). "К систематике олигоценовых перкоидных рыб, известных под сборным названием ''"Serranus budensis"'', с выделением новых таксонов". Актуальные проблемы современной науки.
9. (2009). "An Eocene frogfish from Monte Bolca, Italy: the earliest known skeletal record for the family". Palaeontology.
10. (2009). "A new genus and species of basal actinopterygian fish from the Upper Devonian Gogo Formation of Western Australia". Acta Zoologica.
11. (2009). "Heddleichthys- a new tristichopterid genus from the Dura Den Formation, Midland Valley, Scotland (Famennian, Late Devonian)". Acta Zoologica.
12. (2009). "A new percoid fish from the Eocene of Monte Bolca, Italy: ''Hendrixella grandei'' gen. & sp. nov.". [[Swiss Journal of Geosciences]].
13. (July 2009). "A new Tristichopterid (Sarcopterygii, Tetrapodomorpha) from the Evieux Formation (Upper Devonian) of Belgium". Palaeontology.
14. Louis Taverne. (2009). "''Ridewoodichthys'', a new genus for ''Brychaetus caheni'' from the marine Paleocene of Cabinda (Africa): re-description and comments on its relationships within the Osteoglossidae (Teleostei, Osteoglossomorpha)". Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Sciences de la Terre.
15. (2009). "A new specimen of ''Baphetes'' from Nýřany, Czech Republic and the intrinsic relationships of the Baphetidae". Acta Zoologica.
16. (2009). "Anurans from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of northeastern Brazil: implications for the early divergence of neobatrachians". Cretaceous Research.
17. Anderson, J.S.. (2009). "''Nannaroter mckinziei'', a new ostodolepid 'microsaur' (Tetrapoda, Lepospondyli, Recumbirostra) from the Early Permian of Richards Spur (Ft. Sill), Oklahoma". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology.
18. (2009). "A new Early Cretaceous salamander (Regalerpeton weichangensis gen. et sp. nov.) from the Huajiying Formation of northeastern China". Cretaceous Research.
19. Klembara, Jozef. (2009). "The skeletal anatomy and relationships of a new discosauriscid seymouriamorph from the lower Permian of Moravia (Czech Republic)". Annals of Carnegie Museum.
20. (September 2016). "A new parareptile with temporal fenestration from the Middle Permian of South Africa". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences.
21. (2009). "Procolophonids from the Early Triassic of Poland". Paleontologica Polonica.
22. (2009). "The oldest African eucryptodiran turtle from the Cretaceous of Angola". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica.
23. Vandermark, D.. (2009). "New Late Cretaceous macrobaenid turtle with Asian affinities from the High Canadian Arctic: dispersal via ice-free polar routes". Geology.
24. Tong, H.; Claude, J.; Naksri, W.; Suteethorn, V.; Buffetaut, E.; Khansubha, S.; Wongko, K. & Yuangdetkla, P. (2009). "''Basilochelys macrobios'' n. gen. and n. sp., a large cryptodiran turtle from the Phu Kradung Formation (latest Jurassic-earliest Cretaceous) of the Khorat Plateau, NE Thailand". In: Buffetaut, E.; Cuny, G.; Le Loeuff, J. & Suteethorn, V. (eds.). Late Palaeozoic and Mesozoic Ecosystems in SE Asia. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 315: 229-243.
25. (2009). "A revision of ''Plesiobaena'' (Testudinoes: Baenidae) and an assessment of Baenid ecology across the K/T boundary". Journal of Paleontology.
26. Richard Franz. (2009). "A new fossil land tortoise in the genus ''Chelonoidis'' (Testudines: Testudinidae) from the northern Bahamas, with an osteological assessment of other Neotropical tortoises". Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History.
27. Walter G. Joyce. (2009). "A thin-shelled reptile from the Late Triassic of North America and the origin of the turtle shell". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences.
28. Walter G. Joyce. (2017). "A Review of the Fossil Record of Basal Mesozoic Turtles". Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History.
29. John Howard Hutchison. (2009). "New soft-shelled turtles (Plastomeninae, Trionychidae, Testudines) from the Late Cretaceous and Paleocene of North America". PaleoBios.
30. (2011). "New Material of ''Gilmoremys lancensis'' nov. comb. (Testudines: Trionychidae) from the Hell Creek Formation and the Diagnosis of Plastomenid Turtles". Journal of Paleontology.
31. (2009). "A new stem turtle from the Middle Jurassic of Scotland: new insights into the evolution and palaeoecology of basal turtles". [[Proceedings of the Royal Society B]].
32. (2009). "Two New Plastomenine Softshell Turtles from the Paleocene of Montana and Wyoming". Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History.
33. (2009). "''Kinkonychelys'', a new side-necked turtle (Pelomedusoides: Bothremydidae) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar". American Museum Novitates.
34. (2009). "A New Species of Palatobaena (Testudines: Baenidae) and a Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian Phylogenetic Analysis of Baenidae". Journal of Paleontology.
35. (2009). "A long−necked archosauromorph from the Early Triassic of Poland". Paleontologica Polonica.
36. Susan E. Evans. (2009). "An early kuehneosaurid reptile (Reptilia: Diapsida) from the Early Triassic of Poland". Paleontologica Polonica.
37. (2009). "A small lepidosauromorph reptile from the Early Triassic of Poland". Paleontologica Polonica.
38. Gasparini, Z.. (2009). "A New Oxfordian Pliosaurid (Plesiosauria, Pliosauridae) in the Caribbean Seaway". Palaeontology.
39. (2009). "The new plesiosaurian genus ''Nichollssaura'' from Alberta, Canada: replacement name for the preoccupied genus ''Nichollsia''". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology.
40. Hani Faig Kaddumi. (2009). "Fossils of the Harrana Fauna and the Adjacent Areas".
41. (2009). "A new species of the durophagous mosasaur ''Carinodens'' (Squamata, Mosasauridae) and additional material of ''Carinodens belgicus'' from the Maastrichtian phosphates of Morocco". Netherlands Journal of Geosciences.
42. Head, Jason J.. (2009). "Giant boid snake from the paleocene neotropics reveals hotter past equatorial temperatures". [[Nature (journal).
43. Kwok, Roberta. (4 February 2009). "Scientists find world's biggest snake". [[Nature (journal).
44. Reichel, M.. (2009). "A new traversodontid cynodont (Therapsida, Eucynodontia) from the Middle Triassic Santa Maria Formation of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil". Palaeontology.
45. Liu, J.. (2009). "New basal synapsid supports Laurasian origin for therapsids". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica.
46. Hu, Y.. (2009). "A new tritylodontid from the Upper Jurassic of Xinjiang, China". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica.
47. (2009). "Intramarginal veined Lauraceae Leaves from the Albian-Cenomanian of Charente-Maritime (western France)". Palaeontology.
48. (2009). "Why do females find ornaments attractive? The coercion-avoidance hypothesis". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society.
49. (2009). "The Red Queen and the Court Jester: species diversity and the role of biotic and abiotic factors through time". Science.
50. (2009). "Signature of the end-Cretaceous mass extinction in the modern biota". Science.