2004 Mongolian parliamentary election

Background

In the previous parliamentary elections in 2000, the MPRP won 72 of the 76 seats in the State Great Khural. The opposition Democratic Union, comprising four parties that held a parliamentary majority with 50 seats from 1996 to 2000, suffered a major setback, winning only a single seat. Independent politician Lamjavyn Gündalai, the Motherland–Mongolian Democratic New Socialist Party (M–MNDSP), and the Civil Will Party also won one seat each.

The opposition was fractured into twelve political parties and three coalitions that altogether nominated 560 candidates. No other party than the MPRP had obtained more than one seat in parliament.

The electoral wipeout of the Democratic Union is attributed to their chaotic four years in government, political infighting, and the assassination of democratic revolutionary Sanjaasürengiin Zorig. The latter, which led to the formation of a splinter Civil Will Party led by his sister, Sanjaasürengiin Oyun.

On 6 December 2000, the five former member parties of the Democratic Union merged and established the Democratic Party of Mongolia (DP). Independent MP Gundalai joined the DP in late 2000, increasing the number of Democratic seats from 1 to 2. The DP founded the Motherland Democratic Coalition with the M–MNDSP in May 2003. The Civil Will–Republican Party, a merger of the Civil Will Party and the Republican Party, would join the coalition later in July 2003.

Electoral system

The members of the State Great Khural were elected from single-seat constituencies by a plurality voting method. The previous parliamentary elections of 1996 and 2000 were both held under the same system.

Of the 76 seats, 20 were elected from the capital city, Ulaanbaatar, and the other 56 were elected from the 21 aimags of Mongolia.

Timetable

The election timetable was approved by the General Election Commission (GEC) on 8 April, four days before the date of the election was announced.

Contesting parties

Pre-election composition

244 candidates were officially registered by the General Election Commission (GEC) for the election, of whom 15 were independents and 229 were running from 6 political parties and 1 coalition.

Opinion polls

Results

In the 24th and 59th constituencies, re-runs were held on 27 February 2005.

Results by constituency

Notes

References

References

1. [http://www.electionguide.org/election.php?ID=236 Election Profile] IFES
2. (2004-08-13). "Mongolia's Rival Parties Reach Power-Sharing Agreement - 2004-08-13".
3. "Mongolia (07/07)".
4. [http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2219_04.htm Mongolia: Elections in 2004] IPU
5. [[Dieter Nohlen]], Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) ''Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II'', p490 {{ISBN. 0-19-924959-8
6. Schafferer, Christian. (2004-12-31). "The 2004 parliamentary election in Mongolia: Big surprises and small victories". Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia.
7. "Түүхэн товчоо".
8. (2025-09-17). "Mongolia - Nomadic, Steppe, Pastoralism {{!}} Britannica".
9. [http://www.mtac.gov.tw/mtacbooke/upload/09403/0201/45.pdf Wang Wei-fang: The Dissolution of Mongolia's Right-Wing Alliance following the 2004 Mongolian Parliamentary Election and its Impact] {{Webarchive. link. (2011-05-25 [[Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission]])
10. Schafferer, Christian. (2005). "The Great State Hural election in Mongolia, June 2004". Elsevier.
11. "Монгол Улсын Их Хурлын сонгуулийн дүн".
12. (2022). "Монгол улсын их хурлын сонгуулийн дүн".