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2002 in spaceflight
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| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| year | 2002 |
| image | Soyuz TMA-1.jpg |
| caption | Soyuz TMA-1, the first Soyuz-TMA spacecraft, approaches the International Space Station in November |
| first | 16 January |
| last | 29 December |
| total | 65 |
| success | 60 |
| failed | 5 |
| catalogued | 62 |
| maidens | Ariane 5ECA |
| Atlas IIIB | |
| Atlas V 401 | |
| Delta IV-M+ (4,2) | |
| H-IIA 2024 | |
| Kaituozhe-1 | |
| retired | Ariane 4 42L |
| Ariane 4 42P | |
| Atlas IIA | |
| orbital | 7 |
| totalcrew | 40 |
| firstsat | |
| firsttrav |
This article outlines notable events occurring in 2002 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.{{Infobox Year in spaceflight
Atlas IIIB Atlas V 401 Delta IV-M+ (4,2) H-IIA 2024 Kaituozhe-1 Ariane 4 42P Atlas IIA
Launches
January
|-
February
|- |d-date = |d-time = |d-span = |o-span =
|d-date = 13 March 2019 |d-date = 23 January 2019 |d-date = 18 April 2018 |d-date = 25 March 2019 |d-date = 30 May 2020
|d-date = 27 June |d-time = 02:30
March
|- Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission 3B |d-date=12 March Operational |d-date=10 March 2018 |d-time=06:09 UTC |d-date=24 December 2017 |d-time=00:16 UTC |d-date=25 June |d-time=12:13 |d-date=1 April |d-time=08:51 |d-date=12 November
April
|- |d-date = 14 September 2011 |d-date=19 April Final flight of Soyuz-TM spacecraft |d-date=10 November
May
|- |d-date=21 February 2024
June
|-
ISS crew exchange (launched Expedition 5) |d-date = 19 June |d-span = 2 |d-span = inherit
|d-date = 27 December 2019 |d-time = 17:30 |d-date = 24 August 2018
|d-date = 14 October
July
|- Intended to visit comet 2P/Encke
August
|-
September
|- |d-date=15 June 2007 |d-time=19:56 |d-date=15 September |d-date=1 February 2003
October
|- |d-date=18 October |d-time=T+29 seconds |d-date=22 January 2015 Reconnaissance (alleged) Maiden flight of Soyuz-TMA spacecraft |d-date=4 May 2003
November
|- ISS crew exchange (launched Expedition 6) MEPSI is 2 picosatellites connected by a 15 meter tether |d-date=7 December |d-date=31 January 2003 Attained: Low Earth |d-date=10 December
December
|- Maiden flight of Ariane 5ECA |o-span=2 |d-time=T+178 seconds |d-span=2 |o-span=inherit |d-span=inherit |d-date = 22 December 2013 |d-date=5 January 2003 |d-time=11:16 |d-date=9 September 2003 |}
Deep Space Rendezvous
| Date (GMT) | Spacecraft | Event | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| 17 January | Galileo | 5th flyby of Io | |
| 2 November | Stardust | Flyby of 5535 Annefrank | |
| 5 November | Galileo | Flyby of Amalthea | |
| 20 December | Nozomi | 2nd flyby of the Earth |
EVAs
| Start date/time | Duration | End time | Spacecraft | Crew | Function | Remarks | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14 January | ||||||||||
| 20:59 | 6 hours | |||||||||
| 3 minutes | 15 January | |||||||||
| 03:02 | Expedition 4 | |||||||||
| ISS Pirs | RUSYuri Onufriyenko | |||||||||
| USACarl E. Walz | Moved the cargo boom for the Russian Strela crane from PMA-1 to the exterior of Pirs, installed an amateur radio antenna onto the end of Zvezda. | |||||||||
| 25 January | ||||||||||
| 15:19 | 5 hours | |||||||||
| 59 minutes | 21:18 | Expedition 4 | ||||||||
| ISS Pirs | RUSYuri Onufriyenko | |||||||||
| USADaniel W. Bursch | Installed six deflector shields for Zvezdas jet thrusters, installed a second amateur radio antenna, attached four science experiments, and retrieved and replaced a device to measure material from the thrusters. | |||||||||
| 20 February | ||||||||||
| 11:38 | 5 hours | |||||||||
| 47 minutes | 17:25 | Expedition 4 | ||||||||
| ISS Quest | USACarl E. Walz | |||||||||
| USADaniel W. Bursch | Tested the Quest airlock, and prepared it for the four spacewalks that will be performed during STS-110. | First Quest-based EVA without a Space Shuttle at the station. | ||||||||
| 4 March | ||||||||||
| 06:37 | 7 hours | |||||||||
| 1 minute | 13:38 | STS-109 | ||||||||
| USAJohn M. Grunsfeld | ||||||||||
| USARichard M. Linnehan | Removed the starboard solar array and replaced it with a new, smaller and more powerful third generation solar array. The old array was stowed in the payload bay for return to Earth. | Hubble Space Telescope servicing | ||||||||
| 5 March | ||||||||||
| 06:40 | 7 hours | |||||||||
| 16 minutes | 13:56 | STS-109 | ||||||||
| Columbia | USAJames H. Newman | |||||||||
| USAMichael J. Massimino | Removed the port solar array and replaced it with a new third generation solar array. The old array was stowed in the payload bay for return to Earth. Removed and replaced the Reaction Wheel Assembly (RWA). | Hubble Space Telescope servicing | ||||||||
| 6 March | ||||||||||
| 08:28 | 6 hours | |||||||||
| 48 minutes | 15:16 | STS-109 | ||||||||
| Columbia | USAJohn M. Grunsfeld | |||||||||
| USARichard M. Linnehan | The spacewalk was delayed 2 hours by a leak in Grunsfeld's spacesuit. The Power Control Unit (PCU) was removed and stowed for return to Earth. A new, more powerful PCU, sized to match the more productive solar arrays, was installed. | Hubble Space Telescope servicing | ||||||||
| 7 March | ||||||||||
| 09:00 | 7 hours | |||||||||
| 30 minutes | 16:30 | STS-109 | ||||||||
| Columbia | USAJames H. Newman | |||||||||
| USAMichael J. Massimino | Removed the Faint Object Camera from the aft shroud and installed the Advanced Camera for Surveys in the same location. After stowing the Faint Object Camera in the payload bay for return to Earth, the Electronic Support Module was installed in the aft shroud. | Hubble Space Telescope servicing | ||||||||
| 8 March | ||||||||||
| 08:46 | 7 hours | |||||||||
| 20 minutes | 16:06 | STS-109 | ||||||||
| Columbia | USAJohn M. Grunsfeld | |||||||||
| USARichard M. Linnehan | Installed an experimental Cryocooler for NICMOS inside the aft shroud of and connected it to the Electronic Support Module installed the day before. Installed the Cooling System Radiator and connected it to the NICMOS. | Hubble Space Telescope servicing | ||||||||
| 11 April | ||||||||||
| 14:36 | 7 hours | |||||||||
| 48 minutes | 22:24 | STS-110 | ||||||||
| ISS Quest | USASteven Smith | |||||||||
| USARex J. Walheim | Began installing the S0 Truss onto Destiny, initial power and data connections installed between the station and S0, and installed two forward struts that permanently hold the truss in place. | |||||||||
| 13 April | ||||||||||
| 14:09 | 7 hours | |||||||||
| 30 minutes | 21:39 | STS-110 | ||||||||
| ISS Quest | USAJerry L. Ross | |||||||||
| USALee M.E. Morin | Continued S0 Truss installation, power and data cable connections installed between S0 and the station, and installed two aft struts that permanently hold the truss in place. | |||||||||
| 14 April | ||||||||||
| 13:48 | 6 hours | |||||||||
| 27 minutes | 20:15 | STS-110 | ||||||||
| ISS Quest | USASteven Smith | |||||||||
| USARex J. Walheim | Released the claw that was used in the initial attachment of the S0 Truss, installed connectors that will be used to route power to Canadarm2 when it is on the truss, released launch restraints from the Mobile Transporter, and removed a small thermal cover the Mobile Transporter's radiator. | |||||||||
| 16 April | ||||||||||
| 14:29 | 6 hours | |||||||||
| 37 minutes | 21:06 | STS-110 | ||||||||
| ISS Quest | USAJerry L. Ross | |||||||||
| USALee M.E. Morin | url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/spacenews/reports/sts110/STS-110-17.html | title=STS-110, Mission Control Center Status Report #17 | access-date=21 October 2008 | publisher=NASA | year=2002 | author=NASA | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081106093627/http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/spacenews/reports/sts110/STS-110-17.html | archive-date= 6 November 2008 | url-status=dead}} | |
| 9 June | ||||||||||
| 15:27 | 7 hours | |||||||||
| 14 minutes | 22:41 | STS-111 | ||||||||
| ISS Quest | USAFranklin Chang-Diaz | |||||||||
| FRAPhilippe Perrin | Attached a Power Data Grapple Fixture to the P6 truss, removed debris panels from the payload bay and attached them to a temporary location on PMA-1, and removed thermal blankets to prepare the Mobile Base System for installation onto the station's Mobile Transporter. | |||||||||
| 11 June | ||||||||||
| 15:20 | 5 hours | 20:20 | STS-111 | |||||||
| ISS Quest | USAFranklin Chang-Diaz | |||||||||
| FRAPhilippe Perrin | url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/spacenews/reports/sts111/STS-111-14.html | title=STS-111, Mission Control Center Status Report # 14 | access-date=21 October 2008 | publisher=NASA | year=2002 | author=NASA | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081010120647/http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/spacenews/reports/sts111/STS-111-14.html | archive-date= 10 October 2008 | url-status=dead}} | |
| 13 June | ||||||||||
| 15:16 | 7 hours | |||||||||
| 17 minutes | 22:33 | STS-111 | ||||||||
| ISS Quest | USAFranklin Chang-Diaz | |||||||||
| FRAPhilippe Perrin | url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/spacenews/reports/sts111/STS-111-18.html | title=STS-111, Mission Control Center Status Report # 18 | access-date=21 October 2008 | publisher=NASA | year=2002 | author=NASA | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081106153128/http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/spacenews/reports/sts111/STS-111-18.html | archive-date= 6 November 2008 | url-status=dead}} | |
| 16 August | ||||||||||
| 09:25 | 4 hours | |||||||||
| 23 minutes | 13:48 | Expedition 5 | ||||||||
| ISS Pirs | RUSValery Korzun | |||||||||
| USAPeggy Whitson | url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/station/crew/exp5/eva/index.html | title=Expedition Five Spacewalks | access-date=21 October 2008 | publisher=NASA | year=2002 | author=NASA | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081004224000/http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/station/crew/exp5/eva/index.html | archive-date= 4 October 2008 | url-status=dead}} | Whitson became the 6th American and the 7th female spacewalker. |
| 26 August | ||||||||||
| 05:27 | 5 hours | |||||||||
| 21 minutes | 10:48 | Expedition 5 | ||||||||
| ISS Pirs | RUSValery Korzun | |||||||||
| RUSSergei Treshchyov | Installed a frame on the outside of Zarya for spacewalk assembly tasks, installed new samples on a pair of Japanese Space Agency experiments housed on Zvezda, installed devices on Zvezda that would simplify the routing of tethers during future spacewalks, and installed two additional ham radio antennas on Zvezda. | |||||||||
| 10 October | ||||||||||
| 15:21 | 7 hours | |||||||||
| 1 minute | 20:35 | STS-112 | ||||||||
| ISS Quest | USADavid Wolf | |||||||||
| UK/USAPiers Sellers | Released launch locks that held the S1 truss radiators in place during launch, attached power, data and fluid lines between the S1 truss and S0, deployed the station's second S-Band communications system, installed the first of two external camera systems, and released launch restraints on the truss' mobile spacewalk workstation, Crew and Equipment Translation Aid (CETA). | |||||||||
| 12 October | ||||||||||
| 14:31 | 6 hours | |||||||||
| 4 minutes | 20:35 | STS-112 | ||||||||
| ISS Quest | USADavid Wolf | |||||||||
| UK/USAPiers Sellers | Installed a second camera system, released more radiator launch locks, removed insulation covers on quick-disconnect fittings near the Z1 and P6 junction and to install Spool Positioning Devices, released starboard-side launch restraints on the CETA cart, and attached Ammonia Tank Assembly cables. | |||||||||
| 14 October | ||||||||||
| 14:08 | 6 hours | |||||||||
| 36 minutes | 20:44 | STS-112 | ||||||||
| ISS Quest | USADavid Wolf | |||||||||
| UK/USAPiers Sellers | url=http://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/news/shuttle/sts-112/STS-112-15.html | title=STS-112 Mission Control Center Status Report #15 | access-date=21 October 2008 | publisher=NASA | year=2002 | author=NASA | archive-date=2 June 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170602033640/https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/news/shuttle/sts-112/STS-112-15.html | url-status=live}} | |
| 26 November | ||||||||||
| 19:49 | 6 hours | |||||||||
| 45 minutes | 27 November | |||||||||
| 02:34 | STS-113 | |||||||||
| ISS Quest | USAMichael Lopez-Alegria | |||||||||
| USAJohn Herrington | Initial installation of the P1 truss, installed connections between the P1 and the S0 truss, released launch restraints on the CETA cart, installed Spool Positioning Devices (SPDs) onto the station, removed a drag link on P1 that served as a launch restraint, and installed a Wireless video system External Transceiver Assembly onto the Unity node. | |||||||||
| 28 November | ||||||||||
| 18:36 | 6 hours | |||||||||
| 10 minutes | 29 November | |||||||||
| 00:46 | STS-113 | |||||||||
| ISS Quest | USAMichael Lopez-Alegria | |||||||||
| USAJohn Herrington | url=http://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/news/shuttle/sts-113/STS-113-11.html | title=STS-113 Mission Control Center Status Report # 11 | access-date=21 October 2008 | publisher=NASA | year=2002 | author=NASA | archive-date=2 June 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170602004057/https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/news/shuttle/sts-113/STS-113-11.html | url-status=live}} | |
| 30 November | ||||||||||
| 19:25 | 7 hours | 1 December | ||||||||
| 02:25 | STS-113 | |||||||||
| ISS Quest | USAMichael Lopez-Alegria | |||||||||
| USAJohn Herrington | url=http://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/news/shuttle/sts-113/STS-113-15.html | title=STS-113 Mission Control Center Status Report # 15 | access-date=21 October 2008 | publisher=NASA | year=2002 | author=NASA | archive-date=2 June 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170602003854/https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/news/shuttle/sts-113/STS-113-15.html | url-status=live}} |
Orbital launch statistics
By country
For the purposes of this section, the yearly tally of orbital launches by country assigns each flight to the country of origin of the rocket, not to the launch services provider or the spaceport. | [ {"value":240, "color":"#a52a2a", "label": "Russia: 24 (36.92%)"}, {"value":170, "color":"#484785", "label": "United States: 17 (26.15%)"}, {"value":120, "color":"#318ce7", "label": "France: 12 (18.46%)"}, {"value":50, "color":"#ff0000", "label": "China: 5 (7.69%)"}, {"value":30, "color":"#ffffff", "label": "Japan: 3 (4.62%)"}, {"value":20, "color":"#ffd700", "label": "Ukraine: 2 (3.08%)"}, {"value":10, "color":"#008080", "label": "Israel: 1 (1.54%)"}, {"value":10, "color":"#ff9933", "label": "India: 1 (1.54%)"}, ]
| Country | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| failures | style="text-align:left;" | style="text-align:left;" | style="text-align:left;" | style="text-align:left;" | style="text-align:left;" | style="text-align:left;" | style="text-align:left;" | style="text-align:left;" | World | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 12 | 11 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 24 | 22 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 17 | 16 | 1 | 0 |
By rocket
By family
| Family | Country | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ariane | 12 | 11 | 1 | 0 | ||
| Atlas | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Delta | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | ||
| H-II | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Kaituozhe | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Maiden flight | |
| Long March | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Pegasus | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| PSLV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| R-7 | 9 | 8 | 1 | 0 | ||
| R-14 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | ||
| R-36 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Shavit | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Space Shuttle | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Titan | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Universal Rocket | 11 | 10 | 1 | 0 | ||
| Zenit | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
By type
| Rocket | Country | Family | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ariane 4 | Ariane | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Ariane 5 | Ariane | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | ||
| Atlas II | Atlas | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Atlas III | Atlas | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Atlas V | Atlas | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight | |
| Delta II | Delta | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| Delta IV | Delta | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight | |
| Dnepr | R-36 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| H-IIA | H-II | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Kaituozhe-1 | Kaituozhe | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Maiden flight | |
| Kosmos | R-14 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Long March 2 | Long March | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Long March 4 | Long March | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Molniya | R-7 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Pegasus | Pegasus | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| PSLV | PSLV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Proton | UR | 9 | 8 | 1 | 0 | ||
| Shavit | Shavit | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Soyuz | R-7 | 7 | 6 | 1 | 0 | ||
| Space Shuttle | Space Shuttle | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Titan II | Titan | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Titan IV | Titan | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| UR-100 | UR | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Zenit | Zenit | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
By configuration
| Rocket | Country | Type | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ariane 4 42P | Ariane 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Final flight | |
| Ariane 4 42L | Ariane 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Final flight | |
| Ariane 4 44L | Ariane 4 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Ariane 5G | Ariane 5 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Ariane 5ECA | Ariane 5 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Maiden flight | |
| Atlas IIA | Atlas II | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | Final flight | |
| Atlas IIAS | Atlas II | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Atlas IIIB | Atlas III | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight | |
| Atlas V 401 | Atlas V | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight | |
| Delta II 7425-9.5 | Delta II | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||
| Delta II 7920-10C | Delta II | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Delta II 7920-10L | Delta II | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Delta IV-M+ (4,2) | Delta IV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight | |
| Dnepr | Dnepr | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| H-IIA 202 | H-IIA | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| H-IIA 2024 | H-IIA | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight | |
| Kaituozhe-1 | Kaituozhe-1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Maiden flight | |
| Kosmos-3M | Kosmos | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Long March 2F | Long March 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Long March 4B | Long March 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Molniya-M | Molniya | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Pegasus-XL | Pegasus | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| PSLV-G | PSLV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Proton-K / 17S40 | Proton | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | Final flight | |
| Proton-K / Blok DM-2 | Proton | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Proton-K / Blok DM-2M | Proton | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | ||
| Proton-M / Briz-M | Proton | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Rokot / Briz-KM | UR-100 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Shavit 1 | Shavit | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Soyuz-U | Soyuz | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | ||
| Soyuz-FG | Soyuz | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Space Shuttle | Space Shuttle | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Titan 23G | Titan II | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Titan IVB / Centaur-T | Titan IV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Zenit-3SL | Zenit | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
By spaceport
| Site | Country | Launches | Successes | Failures | Partial failures | Remarks | Total | 65 | 60 | 5 | 0 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baikonur | 15 | 14 | 1 | 0 | |||||||||||||
| Cape Canaveral | 9 | 8 | 1 | 0 | |||||||||||||
| Jiuquan | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||
| Kennedy | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||
| Kourou | 12 | 11 | 1 | 0 | |||||||||||||
| Ocean Odyssey | UN International waters | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||
| Palmachim | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||
| Plesetsk | 10 | 9 | 1 | 0 | |||||||||||||
| Satish Dhawan | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||
| Taiyuan | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | |||||||||||||
| Tanegashima | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||
| Vandenberg | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
By orbit
| Orbital regime | Launches | Achieved | Not achieved | Accidentally | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| achieved | Remarks | Total | 65 | 60 | 5 | 1 | ||||||
| Low Earth / Sun-synchronous | 33 | 31 | 2 | 1 | Including flights to ISS | |||||||
| Geosynchronous /GTO | 27 | 25 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||
| Medium Earth / Molniya | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| High Earth | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| Heliocentric orbit / Planetary transfer | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
References
Footnotes
References
- "IRIDIUM 91". N2YO.com.
- "IRIDIUM 90". N2YO.com.
- "IRIDIUM 94". N2YO.com.
- "IRIDIUM 95". N2YO.com.
- "IRIDIUM 96". N2YO.com.
- (10 March 2018). "Decay Data: GRACE-1". Space-Track.
- (24 December 2017). "Decay Data: GRACE-2". Space-Track.
- (27 March 2020). "Самый старый российский спутник связи вывели из эксплуатации". [[RIA Novosti]].
- Desch, Matt. (28 December 2019). "Final "official" reentry report for the final satellite of our first generation network: SV97. Reentered at 17:30 UTC yesterday, descending over Russia (trying to return where launched 17 yrs ago). They all provided amazing service – far longer than anyone expected! #Flarewell".
- "IRIDIUM 98". N2YO.com.
- Ray, Justin. (24 June 2002). "Titan 2 rocket launches polar-orbiting weather eye". Spaceflight Now.
- Foust, Jeff. (20 March 2021). "Decommissioned NOAA weather satellite breaks up". [[SpaceNews]].
- NASA. (2002). "Expedition Four Spacewalks". NASA.
- NASA. (4 March 2002). "STS-109 Mission Status Report No. 8". NASA.
- NASA. (5 March 2002). "STS-109 Mission Status Report No. 10". National Aeronautic and Space Administration.
- NASA. (2002). "STS-109 Mission Status Report No. 12". National Aeronautic and Space Administration.
- NASA. (2002). "STS-109 Mission Status Report No. 14". National Aeronautic and Space Administration.
- NASA. (2002). "STS-109 Mission Status report No. 16". National Aeronautic and Space Administration.
- NASA. (2002). "STS-110 Extravehicular Activities". NASA.
- NASA. (2002). "STS-110, Mission Control Center Status Report #17". NASA.
- NASA. (2002). "STS-111 Extravehicular Activities". NASA.
- NASA. (2002). "STS-111, Mission Control Center Status Report # 10". NASA.
- NASA. (2002). "STS-111, Mission Control Center Status Report # 14". NASA.
- NASA. (2002). "STS-111, Mission Control Center Status Report # 18". NASA.
- NASA. (2002). "Expedition Five Spacewalks". NASA.
- NASA. (2002). "STS-112 Extravehicular Activities". NASA.
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