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2-Ethylhexyl salicylate

| NFPA-H = 1 | NFPA-F = 1 | NFPA-R = 2-Ethylhexyl salicylate, also known as ethylhexyl salicylate (INCI name), octisalate, or octyl salicylate, is an organic compound used as an ingredient in sunscreens and cosmetics to absorb UVB (ultraviolet) rays from the sun. It is an ester formed by the condensation of salicylic acid with 2-ethylhexanol. It is a colorless oily liquid with a slight floral odor.

The salicylate portion of the molecule absorbs ultraviolet light, protecting skin from the harmful effects of exposure to sunlight. The ethylhexanol portion is a fatty alcohol, adding emollient and oil-like (water resistant) properties.

Safety

According to the classification provided by companies to ECHA in REACH registrations this substance is very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects and is suspected of damaging the unborn child.

In 2020 the ECHA decided that a fish sexual development test of the chemical was necessary, because the compound may be an endocrine disruptor.

The compound was identified in a court case brought by German chemical company Symrise who claimed that the ingredient used in sunscreen did not require animal testing.

Symrise lost the appeal against a European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) decision that requires the German manufacturer to test sunscreen ingredients on animals.

The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) decision applies to two formerly approved ingredients used exclusively in sunscreens — UV filter homosalate and 2-ethylhexyl salicylate.

In 2007 octyl salicylate and all other salicylates were found to have a good safety profile. It is often used to improve affinity and reduce photodegradation of other sunscreen ingredients (such as oxybenzone and avobenzone), and under 1% of the applied dose of octyl salicylate penetrates through the skin. Although more stable, octyl salicylate is a weak organic UVB absorber.

Octyl salicylate does not produce reactive oxygen species when exposed to sunlight. However, it does have some minor sensitization potential; with some individuals experiencing minimal to mild skin irritation.

Notes

References

References

  1. "UV Radiation".
  2. "Substance Information - ECHA".
  3. "Board of Appeal decisions concerning vertebrate animal testing on cosmetic ingredients".
  4. (5 May 2023). "Animal tests for makeup ingredients allowed". BBC News.
  5. "CURIA - Documents".
  6. "CURIA - Documents".
  7. (2007). "Photoprotection". Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology.
  8. (2021). "Synthesis of phenylalanine and leucine dipeptide functionalized silica-based nanoporous material as a safe UV filter for sunscreen". Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology.
  9. (10 March 2017). "Active sunscreen ingredients in Australia". Australasian Journal of Dermatology.
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salicylate-esters sunscreening-agents 2-ethylhexyl-esters
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