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1999 in spaceflight
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| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| year | 1999 |
| image | STS-93 launch.jpg |
| caption | Launch of STS-93, to deploy the Chandra X-ray Observatory |
| first | 3 January |
| last | 27 December |
| total | 79 |
| success | 73 |
| failed | 6 |
| catalogued | 73 |
| maidens | Delta II 7320 |
| Delta II 7426 | |
| Dnepr | |
| Long March 2F | |
| Long March 4B | |
| Zenit-3SL | |
| retired | Ariane 4 40 |
| Athena II | |
| H-II | |
| orbital | 4 |
| totalcrew | 22 |
| firstsat | |
Delta II 7426 Dnepr Long March 2F Long March 4B Zenit-3SL Athena II H-II
Launch of Chandra X-ray Observatory
Table
The table below shows 208 satellite launches were made in 1999. 81 (39%) of these launches were communications satellites.
Orbital launches
January
|- |o-span=3 |d-date=3 December |d-time=~20:01 |d-span=3 |o-span=inherit |d-span=inherit |o-span=inherit |d-span=inherit
February
|- Returned sample from 81P/Wild and will visit Tempel 1 |d-date=16 January 2006 |d-date=28 August |d-time=00:34 Ørsted was the first Danish satellite and SUNSAT was the first South African satellite
March
|- |d-date = 10 May 2011
April
|- |d-date=17 July |d-time=19:51 |d-date=29 July IUS second stage failed to separate Achieved: Geostationary transfer |d-date=27 April |d-date=4 October 2003 Achieved: Medium Earth
May
|- Achieved: Medium Earth FY-1C destroyed by ASAT after retirement |d-date=12 January 2007 MUBLCOM collided with DART but is still operational. Starshine deployed from Discovery at 07:21 UTC on 5 June |o-span=2 |d-date=6 June |d-time=06:02 |d-span=2 |o-span=inherit |d-span=inherit |d-date=18 February 2000
June
|- |d-date=15 March 2019 |d-date=24 May 2018 FUSE was deactivated on 18 October 2007
July
|- Second stage exploded |d-date=5 July |d-time=+45 seconds |d-date=2 February 2000 |d-time=06:10 First Shuttle mission with female commander (Eileen Collins) Engine control failures and fuel leak during ascent resulted in lower orbit than planned and IUS underperformance resulted in lower orbit than planned for Chandra, IPS used to raise orbit, reducing lifespan Chandra deployed by Columbia at 11:47 UTC on 23 July |d-date=28 July |d-time=03:20
August
|- |d-date=15 December
September
|- Current: Graveyard |d-date=24 September |d-date=22 October
October
|- |d-date=27 October
November
|- First stage malfunction |d-date=15 November |d-date=20 November |d-time=19:41
December
|- Hélios 1B decommissioned in October 2004 |d-date=11 December Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Mission 3A |d-date=28 December |d-time=00:01 |d-date=Failed on launch pad |d-date=19 July 2002 |}
Suborbital launches
January
|- |d-date=15 January |d-date=21 January |d-date=22 January |d-date=22 January |d-date=22 January
February
|- |d-date=2 February |d-date=9 February |d-date=9 February |d-date=10 February |d-date=11 February |d-date=20 February
March
|- |d-date=10 March |d-date=15 March |d-date=23 March |d-date=23 March |d-date=25 March |d-date=25 March |d-date=28 March |d-date=28 March |d-date=29 March |d-date=31 March
April
|- |d-date=1 April |d-date=11 April |d-date=12 April |d-date=14 April |d-date=15 April |d-date=26 April |d-date=26 April
May
|- |d-date=4 May |d-date=4 May |d-date=7 May |d-date=14 May
June
|- |d-date=3 June |d-date=10 June |d-date=10 June |d-date=14 June |d-date=24 June
July
|- |d-date=1 July |d-date=5 July |d-date=5 July |d-date=5 July |d-date=14 July |d-date=18 July |d-date=27 July
August
|- |d-date=2 August |d-date=2 August |d-date=2 August |d-date=18 August |d-date=20 August |d-date=20 August |d-date=24 August |d-date=29 August
September
|- |d-date=3 September |d-date=6 September |d-date=15 September |d-date=24 September |d-date=27 September
October
|- |d-date=1 October |d-date=1 October |d-date=2 October |d-date=3 October |d-date=3 October |d-date=20 October
November
|- |d-time=Within one hour |d-date=1 November |d-date=10 November |d-date=10 November |d-date=13 November |d-date=17 November |d-date=17 November |d-date=18 November |d-date=20 November
December
|- |d-date=14 December |d-date=17 December |}
Deep Space Rendezvous
| Date (GMT) | Spacecraft | Event | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 February | Galileo | 11th flyby of Europa | |
| 5 May | Galileo | 4th flyby of Callisto | |
| 24 June | Cassini | 2nd flyby of Venus | Gravity assist; Closest approach: 598 km |
| 30 June | Galileo | 5th flyby of Callisto | |
| 29 July | Deep Space 1 | Flyby of 9969 Braille | |
| 31 July | Lunar Prospector | Deliberate impact of the Moon | |
| 14 August | Galileo | 6th flyby of Callisto | |
| 18 August | Cassini | Flyby of the Earth | Gravity assist; Closest approach: 1166 km |
| 16 September | Galileo | 7th flyby of Callisto | |
| 23 September | Mars Climate Orbiter | Burned up in the Martian atmosphere | |
| 11 October | Galileo | 1st flyby of Io | |
| 26 November | Galileo | 2nd flyby of Io | |
| 3 December | Mars Polar Lander | Crash-landed at Planum Australe, Mars | |
| 3 December | Amundsen and Scott | Subprobes lost in Mars Polar Lander crash-landing |
EVAs
| Start date/time | Duration | End time | Spacecraft | Crew | Function | Remarks | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16 April | ||||||||||
| 04:37 | 6 hours | |||||||||
| 19 minutes | 10:56 | Mir EO-27 | ||||||||
| Kvant-2 | RUSViktor Afanasyev | |||||||||
| FRAJean-Pierre Haigneré | Recovered experiments from the exterior of Mir and installed other experiments on the outer surface. | |||||||||
| 30 May | ||||||||||
| 02:56 | 7 hours | |||||||||
| 55 minutes | 10:51 | STS-96 | ||||||||
| USATamara E. Jernigan | ||||||||||
| USADaniel T. Barry | Transferred and installed two cranes from the shuttle's payload bay to locations on the outside of the station. Installed two new portable foot restraints that will fit both American and Russian space boots, and attached three bags filled with tools and handrails that will be used during future assembly operations. | |||||||||
| 23 July | ||||||||||
| 11:06 | 6 hours | |||||||||
| 7 minutes | 17:13 | Mir EO-27 | ||||||||
| Kvant-2 | RUSViktor Afanasyev | |||||||||
| RUSSergei Avdeyev | Installed a communications antenna on the Sofora girder, and attempted to find a leak in Kvant-2. Retrieved the Exobiology and Dvikon experiments. | |||||||||
| 28 July | ||||||||||
| 09:37 | 5 hours | |||||||||
| 22 minutes | 14:59 | Mir EO-27 | ||||||||
| Kvant-2 | RUSViktor Afanasyev | |||||||||
| RUSSergei Avdeyev | Completed the deployment of the antenna mounted on the Sofora girder and pushed it into space. Installed the experiments Indicator and Sprut-4, traded out tape cassettes on the Migmas ion spectromer and recovered the Danko-M and Ekran-D experiments for return to Earth. | |||||||||
| 22 December | ||||||||||
| 18:54 | 8 hours | |||||||||
| 15 minutes | 23 December | |||||||||
| 03:09 | STS-103 | |||||||||
| Discovery | USASteven Smith | |||||||||
| USAJohn M. Grunsfeld | url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/archives/sts-103/eva/ | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010805232932/http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/archives/sts-103/eva/ | url-status=dead | archive-date=5 August 2001 | title=STS-103 Extravehicular Activities | access-date=15 March 2009 | publisher=NASA | year=2002 | author=NASA}} | Hubble Space Telescope servicing |
| 23 December | ||||||||||
| 19:06 | 8 hours | |||||||||
| 10 minutes | 24 December | |||||||||
| 03:16 | STS-103 | |||||||||
| Discovery | UK/USAMichael Foale | |||||||||
| SUIClaude Nicollier | Replaced the telescope's central computer and a Fine Guidance Sensor. | Hubble Space Telescope servicing | ||||||||
| 24 December | ||||||||||
| 19:17 | 8 hours | |||||||||
| 8 minutes | 25 December | |||||||||
| 03:25 | STS-103 | |||||||||
| Discovery | USASteven Smith | |||||||||
| USAJohn M. Grunsfeld | Installed a transmitter and a solid state recorder. | Hubble Space Telescope servicing |
References
Footnotes
References
- (4 January 1999). "Lander launched to Mars in search of frozen water". [[Austin American-Statesman]].
- JPL Special Review Board. (22 March 2000). "Report on the Loss of the Mars Polar Lander and Deep Space 2 Missions". [[JPL]].
- "IRIDIUM 14".
- "IRIDIUM 21".
- van der Berg, Chris. (April 1999). "MIRNEWS.459". SpaceOnLine.
- NASA. (1999). "STS-96 Day 4 Highlights". NASA.
- van der Berg, Chris. (24 July 1999). "MIRNEWS.463". SpaceOnLine.
- van der Berg, Chris. (29 July 1999). "MIRNEWS.464 29 JULY 1999". SpaceOnLine.
- NASA. (2002). "STS-103 Extravehicular Activities". NASA.
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